Electrophoresis is a method of safely and painlessly administering medications to the lesion. Under the influence of electrical impulses, drugs turn into tiny particles called ions, which are subsequently delivered to the affected areas. The drugs are stored in the layers of the dermis and gradually with the flow of blood and lymph disperse throughout the body.
How does electrophoresis
For electrophoresis, a galvanic current is used - this is an electric current of constant low voltage and low power. Under its influence, particles of the drug are introduced into the skin and mucous membranes. The ions of those drugs that dissolve in water possess the greatest mobility. It enters the epidermis and accumulates in the upper layer of the dermis. Under the influence of an electric current, medicines deepen to one and a half centimeters, forming a kind of storehouse from which they enter the cells and tissues of organs.
The main advantages of electrophoresis
Electrophoresis with nicotinic acid is the movement in the electric field of charged ions of vitamin PP. Penetrating into the tissues of various organs, the drug is evenly distributed in the intercellular fluid and cells. When performing this procedure, not only galvanic, but also diadynamic, sinusoidal modulated, fluctuating and rectified currents can be used. The essence of the procedure does not change from this - nicotinic acid is delivered to the right place with the help of electric current. Thanks to this procedure, a stock of medicine is created and stored under the skin, which is gradually consumed.
Niacin for a long period slowly enters the bloodstream, improving the functioning of the diseased organ. Due to the electric current, its effect is enhanced, so the dose of the drug is introduced insignificant. In addition, drug elimination is also slow. The procedure does not cause pain at all, so very often doctors prescribe electrophoresis with nicotinic acid to infants.
Features of the use of "Eufillina"
"Eufillin" is a complex drug that is used for:
- relieve bronchospasm;
- smooth muscle relaxation;
- increased urine output;
- decrease in thrombosis;
- decrease in intracranial pressure;
- pain relief
- improve blood flow.
Electrophoresis with aminophylline is contraindicated for problems with the liver, kidneys, heart, and intolerance to the drug. Adverse reactions may occur in the form of a headache, decreased pressure, sleep disturbance. In the process of manipulation, slight tingling is observed.
Use of nicotinic acid for electrophoresis
Nicotinic acid or niacin is a vitamin PP that helps improve blood circulation. It is found in small quantities in fish, milk, cereals and fruits, and yeast. Artificial vitamin analogues are available in tablets. Electrophoresis Nicotinic Acid Solution:
- Improve carbohydrate metabolism. It is used for diseases of the heart, digestive organs, liver and diabetes.
- Healing wounds on the mucous membranes and skin.
- Vasodilatation.
- Blood thinning.
- Lower blood cholesterol.
In addition, nicotinic acid has a positive effect on the brain and normalizes blood pressure.
With Eufillin and Nicotine
Electrophoresis with aminophylline and nicotinic acid is often used to treat children up to a year with:
- injuries to the baby during childbirth;
- hydrocephalic syndrome;
- hypo- or hypertonic muscle.
For adults, electrophoresis with these two drugs is used for:
- back pain;
- restoration of blood circulation of the brain;
- diseases of the cervical spine;
- normalization of blood flow in the limbs.
It should be remembered that prolonged administration of large doses of nicotinic acid is dangerous for the occurrence of fatty liver.
Electrophoresis drug requirements
In electrophoresis, only those drugs are used that, under the influence of electric current, can penetrate the dermis. They are administered independently and in combination with other means to enhance the effect. Electrophoresis can be performed if:
- the drug does not contain impurities;
- the solution is prepared before use;
- distilled water was used for cooking;
- in case of insolubility of the drug in water, medical alcohol or Dimexide is used;
- a solution of enzymes is prepared, then buffers are the solvent;
- during the entire course, the polarity of the electrodes remains unchanged.
It should be noted that saline cannot be used as a solvent. The amount of medication that enters the body depends on:
- age of the patient;
- individual characteristics of the body;
- skin conditions;
- electrode surface area;
- current strength and density;
- solvent used;
- duration of the procedure;
- the amount of the drug.
Electrophoresis with nicotinic acid in infants. Reviews
Often with various birth injuries, intrauterine deviations or emerging diseases, infants are prescribed an electrophoresis procedure with nicotinic acid. It relaxes the muscles of the baby, has an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. It is prescribed for the following pathological conditions:
- torticollis, joint dysplasia;
- neurological disorders;
- diathesis;
- fractures, dislocations;
- violation of muscle tone;
- digestive system diseases;
- inflammation of the respiratory and urinary system;
- stomatitis;
- eye diseases;
- birth injuries;
- rehabilitation after surgery.
Electrophoresis with nicotinic acid for children is a safe procedure and is better tolerated than injections, but it cannot be performed with:
- renal and heart failure;
- tendency to allergies;
- poor blood clotting;
- the presence of neoplasms;
- bronchial asthma;
- pustular rashes;
- intolerance to electric current;
- elevated temperature;
- damage to the skin.
For infants, nicotinic acid is often used in conjunction with aminophylline. This gives a positive effect in violation of muscle tone, birth injury and hydrocephalus. Before the procedure, the doctor examines the baby and identifies contraindications.
The opinions of parents whose children were prescribed electrophoresis with nicotinic acid are mixed. Some of them believe that the procedures have a good effect. Breasts recover faster after birth injuries, especially if the cervical region was damaged. The kids began to hold their heads, roll over and crawl. Others note that after several electrophoresis procedures with nicotinic acid, children become restless, refuse to breast, they have a disturbed sleep, an allergic reaction to the skin appears. It is difficult for babies older than four months to lie down without moving the entire session.
In fact, electrophoresis is a useful and safe procedure for babies. The medicine is delivered directly to the affected areas, and the child does not receive a load on the internal organs, which is very important for a fragile body.
How is the procedure performed?
Electrophoresis is performed in a physiotherapy room by specially trained medical personnel. For the treatment of young children, as a rule, ten sessions are prescribed, each of which lasts from 5 to 25 minutes. Before the procedure (half an hour before it), the child should be fed. The manipulation is carried out as follows:
- The child is in a horizontal position. In exceptional cases, they are allowed to hold it in their hands.
- A gauze cloth is wetted as part of the drug and applied to the affected area, fixing with a tissue dressing.
- The electrodes are placed on a napkin, turn on the electric current and monitor the reaction of the baby. He experiences light tingling sensations.
- After the session, the skin is wiped with a clean cloth and smeared with baby cream.
If necessary, a second course of treatment is carried out no earlier than a month later. And also there are other methods of electrophoresis with nicotinic acid:
- Cavity - a medicine and one electrode are injected into the cavity of a diseased organ (vagina or rectum), and the second is left on the inner surface of the body. The method is used for diseases of the pelvic organs and large intestine.
- Bath - the container is filled with a medication and a damaged limb is immersed in it.
- Interstitial - with the help of injection, the drug is administered and electrodes are applied to the same area. This method gives a good effect in diseases of the respiratory system: bronchitis and laryngitis.
Electrophoresis of the cervical collar zone
The safety and high efficiency of current treatment has gained great popularity. Electrophoresis with nicotinic acid on the collar zone is used for damage to the maxillofacial muscles. It normalizes damaged tissue and restores muscle function.
For the procedure using a special device that generates current. A special gasket is put on the patient, which covers the shoulders, neck and shoulder blades. A filter paper moistened with a warm solution of nicotinic acid is placed under it. The temperature of the solution is brought to 38 degrees. One electrode is fixed to the gasket, and the other is placed between the lower back and sacrum. Calculation of the dosage for electrophoresis with nicotinic acid in the collar zone is done individually for each patient. At the same time take into account:
- current density;
- gasket size;
- time of the procedure;
- acid concentration;
- the ability of the drug to decay into ions;
- individual characteristics of the body to the effects of electric current.
The current density depends on the size of the gasket and is inversely proportional. During the procedure, the current strength gradually increases. The course of treatment consists of 15-20 procedures. If necessary, it can be repeated after a month.
Electrotherapy technique
For the treatment of electrophoresis, various techniques are used that are highly effective for the treatment of certain diseases. Here are a few of them:
- According to Bourguignon (orbital-occipital) - on the eye over the closed eyelids put a small pad soaked in the drug. The second is placed on the back of the neck. Manipulation lasts half an hour, current 4 mA. Such treatment is effective in case of trigeminal or facial nerve neuritis, inflammation and injuries of cerebral vessels.
- According to Ratner - used for circulatory failure in the neck, cerebral palsy. Electrophoresis according to Ratner with nicotinic acid is especially widely used to treat postpartum injuries in children.
- Nasal - a medicine swab is inserted into both nostrils and an electrode is applied. The second is placed on the back of the neck with a gasket of 8 x 10. With a current of 2 mA, the manipulation lasts from 10 to 20 minutes. This electrophoresis is effective for treating the brain with vascular, inflammatory and traumatic pathologies, as well as in the failure of metabolic processes and ulcerative lesions of the stomach.
The use of electrophoresis for the treatment of eye diseases
In ophthalmic practice, electrophoresis is often used on closed eyelids according to Bourguignon. This gentle method of treatment is used immediately after injuries or operations, with changes in the corneal epithelium, inflammatory processes, hemorrhages in the eyeball. Especially often, children at school age suffer from myopia. Large visual load during the educational process and constant work on the computer leads to a decrease in blood flow, which provokes weak accommodation and dystrophy in the optic nerve head.
For prophylactic purposes, drugs are used to stop the progression of myopia to improve eye hemodynamics and enhance metabolic processes in the retina. One of these medicines is vitamin PP. Electrophoresis with nicotinic acid for the eyes is recognized as an effective and painless procedure. Contraindications to this are damage to the skin of the eyelids, mucopurulent discharge, increased intraocular pressure, various neoplasms and individual intolerance.
Electrophoresis in osteochondrosis of the cervical spine
Lack of movement and a sedentary lifestyle often leads to deformation of the cervical vertebrae, and this causes osteochondrosis. The development of the disease contributes to:
- Incorrect landing position at the table;
- asymmetric work of the muscles of the spine;
- carrying a bag on one shoulder;
- performing physical activities without warming up;
- the use of soft mattresses and pillows;
- overweight.
Osteochondrosis is a chronic disease, it is completely impossible to cure the disease. However, to relieve pain during an exacerbation and to alleviate the patient's condition is quite possible. For this, doctors often prescribe electrophoresis with nicotinic acid. Vitamin PP has a positive effect on:
- metabolic processes, stabilizing them;
- improvement of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism;
- dilates blood vessels, as a result of normalized oxygen metabolism and nutrition of cartilage tissue.
The procedures are carried out daily, the course of treatment is ten manipulations. Osteochondrosis is a serious illness that causes severe pain. Sometimes, to alleviate the condition and enhance the effect, electrophoresis with aminophylline and nicotinic acid is used. Such treatment gives a good result, and the patient quickly recovers.
Electrophoresis in gynecology and pregnancy
In gynecology, electrophoresis is widely used to treat inflammatory chronic processes. It is used to treat endometriosis and cervical erosion. In this case, the method of tissue electrophoresis is used, when the drug penetrates directly into the area of damage. Without urgent need for pregnant women, vitamin PP is not prescribed, it can only be found in vitamin complexes. Additional dosages of the drug and electrophoresis with nicotinic acid are indicated for:
- pathology of the placenta;
- impaired liver function, provoked by pregnancy;
- addiction of a pregnant woman to alcohol and drugs;
- tendency to thrombosis;
- multiple pregnancy.
As a result, there is an improvement in the outflow of lymph in women in labor and the supply of oxygen to the fetus. The procedure should be strictly supervised by a doctor. When breastfeeding, electrophoresis with nicotinic acid is not advisable.
Side effects
Electrophoresis is one of the safest procedures that does not cause serious complications. Although the following side effects are noted in infants:
- At the place of application of the electrodes, redness of the dermis occurs.
- Possible irritation of the skin.
- During the procedure, the child feels a tingling sensation. Some babies begin to act up and pluck electrodes.
In older children and adults during electrophoresis with nicotinic acid or after a certain time, it is possible:
- the appearance of red spots, peeling of the skin or blisters;
- heart palpitations;
- shortness of breath, shortness of breath, cough;
- worsening of the general condition - the appearance of lethargy of drowsiness, lack of appetite;
- fever.
If the above symptoms are detected during the session, the procedure is terminated. The occurrence of signs of malaise at home requires an immediate visit to the hospital, where the doctor will give appropriate recommendations for resolving the situation.
Electrophoresis with nicotinic acid, reviews of which are more positive, is very widely used in medicine and cosmetology. Although there are patients who had to abandon the procedures due to allergic reactions to the drug or electric current. Despite this, electrophoresis has a positive effect on the body of both infants and adults.