The genitourinary system includes organs that form urine and excrete it, as well as genital. All of them are interconnected by development, position and functions performed. So, in men, the ducts of the genital and urinary tract are combined in the urethra . In women, they also go into the common space - the vestibule of the vagina.
In modern medicine, the genitourinary system is divided into the urinary system, which ensures the formation of urine and its removal from the body, and the genitals (internal and external). The latter are responsible for reproduction.
The urinary system, represented by the urinary tract, consists of the kidneys, ureters, the urethra, and the bladder. Its purpose is to remove toxins from the body (what remains as a result of metabolism), unnecessary and harmful compounds. All this is accomplished provided that a sufficient amount of mineral salts and water is retained.
The kidneys look like beans. They are located in the space behind the peritoneum on both sides of the spine, in the lumbar region. The kidneys form urine of a certain amount and composition, its concentration depends on the amount of water in the body. Together with it leaves urea, salts, water and uric acid. The kidneys are richly supplied with blood: up to 1.2 liters per minute (that is, the entire volume of blood per day passes through them almost 350 times). In 60 seconds, 120 ml of filtrate is obtained. In 24 hours, they clear the primary urine of approximately 150 liters. Its final amount after filtration is almost 1.5 liters per day.
Ureters - are thirty-centimeter thin tubes (4 mm in diameter). Through the small pelvis, they descend to the bladder and penetrate inward in an oblique direction. They drive urine down due to contractions of the fibrous muscles on the walls.
The bladder is a container for urine that resembles an egg. It is located in the small pelvis, behind the bosom, has the top, body and bottom. Its volume is from 500 to 700 ml, but the urge is felt when filling only half of the capacity. Holes in the ureter and the opening of the urethra are surrounded by sphincters - muscle bundles. They are compressed and unclenched, thereby regulating the flow of urine into the bladder and the flow out of it.
The male urethra looks like a tube 18 cm long, which goes from the bladder and goes into the external opening on the glans penis. The female urethra is much shorter (up to 5 cm), it goes out under the clitoris. The back wall of it is one with the front wall of the vagina.
The genitourinary system, represented by the genitals, includes female and male organs. The male organs consist of the testicles with appendages contained in the scrotum, the vas deferens with the seminal vesicles, the prostate and the penis.The female genitals are divided into internal (ovaries, fallopian tube, uterus, vagina) and external. The latter include: pubis, labia, labia minora and majora, clitoris, external urethra exit, vestibule of the vagina.
Often there are malformations of various organs, various diseases. They can be congenital and acquired. Inflammation of the genitourinary system is mainly of an infectious nature or appears after an injury. Usually it occurs as a complication after a sore throat, flu, or accompanies rheumatism, allergies, endocrine disorders. Inflammatory diseases of the genital organs are caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses and even helminths; sexually transmitted.
Treatment of the genitourinary system depends on the cause of the disease. It is mainly carried out in a hospital, as it requires constant medical supervision.