The most unusual tasks related to accidents and the need to save human lives are handled in Russia by the Ministry of Emergency Situations, Civil Defense Affairs and Disaster Relief. The main tasks of the Ministry of Emergencies include the implementation of existing policies aimed at protecting the population from various technological and natural events, ensuring safety at water bodies and during fires.
This ministry belongs to the number of paramilitary organizations, thus it receives the right to use small arms combat weapons, as well as its various varieties. It is this agency that carries out up to a quarter of all inspections on the territory of the Russian Federation aimed at identifying violations of civil defense, as well as the rights of residents of the state.
What is MOE?
This abbreviation is easiest to decipher as "Ministry of Emergency Situations." The Federal Office is constantly carrying out restoration, repair and rescue operations after natural disasters, technological disasters, as well as major accidents. Service in the Ministry of Emergencies is considered honorable for the residents of the Russian Federation, since it is the specialists of this department who daily become heroes, saving human lives.
The ministry, in addition to its main function, also provides a range of services for a fee. This is about:
- fire extinguishing in case of fire;
- delivery of water, which is filled with reservoirs used to extinguish fires;
- the formation of posts that control fire safety in small and large enterprises.
Also, the list of commercial activities of the department includes welding and carpentry, recreational and blacksmithing services, etc.
History of the Ministry
The main tasks of the Ministry of Emergencies can be traced in the abbreviation used as a name. Until the collapse of the Soviet Union, the entire functionality of the current department was carried out by the Soviets of Workers' Deputies. In December 1990, the Russian Rescue Corps was formed, the 27th of this month is considered the founding date of the department. In 1991, the organization was renamed the RSFSR State Committee for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Disaster Management under the President of the Republic.
In 1992, the department ceased to report directly to the president and was transferred to the Government of the Russian Federation. In 1994, it acquired its current name; Sergey Shoigu became its leader. In 2002, the Ministry included specialists who were registered in the State Fire Service. The agency is in good standing with European countries, the residents of which our experts have repeatedly provided assistance.
Main tasks
The main tasks of the Ministry of Emergencies of the Russian Federation should be considered not only the protection of the population from disasters and the monitoring of compliance with state standards. It is also about the formation of legal acts that ensure the protection of people in case of emergencies and natural disasters. This also includes managing the work of federal bodies, whose actions must comply with the existing municipal system aimed at preventing emergencies, as well as their liquidation.
In addition, the tasks include the forecasting and prevention of various emergencies for their further mitigation. The ministry is obliged to carry out direct activities in the conduct of civil defense, as well as to urgently respond to emergencies and do everything possible to resolve them as soon as possible. According to the government’s decree, it also has the right to carry out humanitarian response measures, and to do this not only on the territory of the Russian Federation, but also abroad.
Who serves in this organization?
In addition to the immediate rescuers, the Ministry of Emergencies has a number of other specialists who are also actively working to ensure the safety of Russian residents. All employees are included in one of five groups, built on a hierarchical basis: the youngest, oldest, leading, main and highest. And all employees of the department are considered civil servants, this allows them to use all available rights and privileges.
Almost all employees of the Ministry of Emergencies should have higher professional education, which should correspond to the activities carried out. Secondary education is allowed only among specialists of the 1st and 2nd categories (junior group), as well as with a senior specialist of the 1st category (senior group), if an employee plans to grow up the career ladder within the department, he will have to go to specialized knowledge in higher education institution.
Hierarchy
The structure of the Ministry of Emergencies of the Russian Federation is quite simple and understandable to all those who are at least somewhat familiar with the concept of hierarchy. The youngest group is at the very bottom, it includes specialists of the 1st and 2nd category. The next level is the senior group, where senior specialists of the 1st category, expert experts, as well as leading and main expert experts work. Employees who do not have relevant or similar work experience may come to this level.
If you want to take one of the positions of a leading group (consultant, leading consultant, adviser, leading adviser or deputy head of department), you must first work for at least two years in the civil service or 4 in the specialty. The position of referent, head of department, deputy head of department and head of department will require you 4 years of work in the civil service or 5 years of work in the specialty.
If a simple vacancy of an employee of the Ministry of Emergencies does not suit you, and you set a goal to become the director of the department, his deputy or deputy head of the apparatus of the Federal Minister, then be prepared for large time costs. We will have to spend 6 years on public service, it can be replaced by seven years of experience in their specialty. In order to grow to the highest level, you will have to work for a long time in the ministry, while you need to consider that you must exceed your competitors, only in this case there is a chance to grow up the career ladder.
The department also includes five research institutions (the All-Russian Central Research and Design Institute named after Nikiforov, the All-Russian Research Institute of Computer Science, the Center for Contemporary Arts, the Antistikhiya Center and the All-Russian Research Institute of Civil Defense and Emergencies) and a large number of higher educational institutions where they are training new personnel - the Civil Defense Academy of the Ministry of Emergencies of the Russian Federation, AGPS Ministry of Emergency Situations, Institute of Culture (attached to the State Border Guard Administration), SPbUPS, IPSAGPS, etc. All institutions are evenly distributed throughout the country and are present in almost every macro-region.
The main activity of the department
Due to excessive agitation and propaganda, many think that the main tasks of the Ministry of Emergencies are to extinguish fires, although in fact this is far from the case. The agency is obliged to protect the inhabitants of the Russian Federation from emergency situations, but these include not only fires, but also floods, earthquakes, as well as man-made disasters (gas emissions, major accidents, incidents, etc.).
Since the main function of the Ministry of Emergencies is the protection of the population, this implies the automatic submission of civilians to department employees, but this does not always happen. Moreover, some actively interfere with rescuers, which is why the government is discussing the issue of allowing ministry specialists to use firearms and heavy weapons. The agency also monitors the provision of humanitarian assistance to various republics and countries that find themselves in a difficult situation due to military operations or disasters.
How to protect the population?
The General Directorate of the Ministry of Emergencies of the Russian Federation reports daily on its website about what activities are carried out by it during this reporting period. Information about all fires, floods, traffic accidents, and even the state of the atmosphere in the capital is indicated here. Separately, it is worth noting the published data on violations in the supply of electricity and water supply, as well as on the situation on interurban highways, with their help many motorists manage to build their own detour and save a lot of time.
What if you suddenly for some reason needed emergency rescue workers? The easiest way is to call 101, which is the same for firefighters and rescue services. For help, you can contact the central office located in Moscow directly, and an anonymous helpline is also available at the institution. Calling by number 101 is free, by the other two - according to the tariffication of your service provider.
Since the main activity of the EMERCOM of Russia is to help the population, the psychological component cannot be ignored. The staff of the department includes professional specialists who work with victims of various incidents and adapt them to what happened. The Ministry also opened a hotline for emergency psychological assistance for Russian residents, where you can anonymously and round-the-clock call by special phone, the call is free.
Interaction with other services
When a call from the victim arrives at number 101, the fire department always leaves the scene, the Russian Emergencies Ministry is the higher authority, its specialists arrive only when necessary and, as a rule, are the fourth or fifth in a row. The average readiness of one detachment for departure is up to 4 hours or more. However, in case of serious incidents, department specialists can arrive at the site within half an hour, it all depends on preparedness and distance.
Some cities do not have their own fire protection from the Ministry of Emergencies, so they are protected by other organizations. Four regional centers are located in Krasnoyarsk, St. Petersburg, Rostov and Moscow; these cities can count on immediate assistance in case of emergency. In their work, the department’s specialists use a large number of equipment, they even use helicopters, which are used in cases where it is necessary to reach hard-to-reach areas of the region.
How to become an employee?
Service in the Ministry of Emergencies is considered quite honorable, which is why many residents of our country would like to work in this department. Everything will depend on the desired position, it may require special skills, as well as work experience in a similar position. There are seven regional centers and departments of the ministry where you can get the necessary education, as well as all the skills and abilities that interest you. Military service in the territorial divisions of the Ministry of Emergencies is also allowed; for this, a conscript must contact the military commissariat and write a corresponding statement.
The Federal Fire Service, which is subordinate to the Ministry, willingly accepts firefighters, drivers, telephone operators, security inspectors and other specialists, you just need to contact the appropriate unit and write a job application. Specialists are also actively recruited, who will subsequently work in the state civil service.
Please note - on the website of the main department of the Ministry of Emergencies, information is almost always indicated that there are currently no vacancies. This section of the portal may not be relevant, therefore, the best way to get the necessary information about the work in the department is to contact its regional representative office.
State control
In the country there are a large number of enterprises engaged in state supervision; the Russian Ministry of Emergencies is one of them. In the jurisdiction of this agency is the question of compliance with all necessary measures for the safe residence of residents of the country on its territory. Auditors of the ministry constantly go to the civil defense and emergency facilities with checks to identify and further troubleshoot problems.
For eighteen years, the head of the Ministry of Emergencies and the Minister of Civil Defense and Emergencies was Sergei Shoigu, who had a huge influence on the formation of the ministry. Despite the fact that in 2012 he ceded his post to Vladimir Puchkov, the department continues to develop actively and continues to strictly control the work of reporting organizations. More than 7 thousand military personnel are conscripted annually in the ministry, and their number is constantly increasing due to the popularization of the image of a lifeguard.
Finally
Residents of Russia are quite respectful of the specialists of the department, in their opinion, the Ministry of Emergencies can be counted on in any critical situation, while local services (police, ambulance, etc.) can fail. In many respects, this explains the growing number of rescue challenges that have to solve completely different tasks: from saving human lives to removing cats from a tree. According to statistics, EMERCOM specialists are less likely to go to false calls, this is due to strict filtering of incoming applications and the existing sequence.
Employees of the department carry out their service not only in the territory of the Russian Federation, periodically they are sent to other countries to provide humanitarian assistance (Syria, Iran, etc.). Particular attention during such trips is paid to the psychological training of rescuers, because they have to work in a completely different environment, which differs from their usual way of using not only another language, but also the attitude of the local population. However, the experts themselves are not discouraged and take great pleasure in the work performed.