In almost any legal state, there are executive bodies called upon to carry out the penalties prescribed by the courts. In the Russian Federation, these functions are performed by the criminal-executive inspection. The specialized body also monitors the conditionally released persons and people who have served time in prison.
Legal basis
The main goal of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia is to prevent the commission of crimes. To do this, specialized bodies are created in the state (criminal executive inspections). They execute sentences against convicted persons, excluding their isolation from society.
Legislation in the penal field is designed to perform certain tasks:
- regulation of the rule of law, conditions for the execution of sentences;
- identification of ways to correct convicted people;
- protection of the rights, interests and freedoms of persons serving their deserved punishment;
- rendering assistance to convicts in the matter of their social adaptation.
The above tasks and goals are spelled out in the Criminal Executive Code (abbreviated as PEC) of the Russian Federation. This is the main document in the areas of criminal and executive legislation.
Executing authorities
In the 30s of the last century, institutions that carried out the sentences imposed on convicted persons without isolating them from society were included in the system of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs. Activities of criminal executive inspections (abbreviated as UII) until 1999 was also determined and controlled by the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Such institutions were independent structural divisions; police officers worked in them. In early 1999, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the penal system was transferred to the Ministry of Justice of Russia. Such a reform was justified by the desire of the Russian Federation to become an equal member of the international community. Today, the Criminal Executive Inspectorate of Russia is a multifunctional type institution that combines the functions of the enforcement of sentences and the use of criminal law measures. Her activities are aimed at preventing possible violations in the future.
Criminal Executive System: Structure
The penal system of the Russian Federation traditionally included bodies and correctional institutions that carried out criminal punishment established by convicted persons. But along with them, other services functioned that were responsible for the implementation of criminal law measures not related to deprivation of liberty. Current legislation defines the structural parts of the penal system of the Russian Federation. It includes:
- institutions that carry out sentences;
- territorial authorities;
- federal bodies authorized to execute sentences.
By decision of the Russian government, the penal system may have additional components: pre-trial detention facilities, medical, design, educational and other institutions. The legislative acts of the Russian Federation spell out services designed to carry out criminal penalties. This includes the criminal-executive inspection, which carries out sentences without isolating convicted persons from society.
UII Moscow
In the Russian capital and its regions there are offices of the Federal Penitentiary Service. When they operate the departments of the UII. Address of the Criminal Executive Inspection of the Office of the Federal Penitentiary Service in Moscow: 127473, Seleznevskaya Street, 24–26, p. 3. City phone: 748–94–81 (code 499).
Tasks of the UII
- Fulfillment of established punishments in the form of organization of compulsory work, deprivation of the opportunity to occupy individual positions, carry out specific activities.
- Control of conditionally convicted prisoners who, in court, delayed serving the established punishment.
- Measures for the prevention of offenses by persons who are registered with the UII.
Work in the penitentiary inspection has some features. This service is designed to carry out punishments without isolating individuals from society, to control previously convicted people and to prevent the commission of an offense in the future. At the same time, UII employees must act strictly in accordance with acts, orders, instructions of the Ministry of Justice, the Federal Penitentiary Service of the Russian Federation (reduction of the Federal Penitentiary Service).
Principle of operation
Criminal Executive Inspection Directorate - Federal Penitentiary Service in a specific area. She supervises the activities of bodies executing the established punishment. The staff of the UII inspection daily face a growing problem - the number of drinkers is increasing. People commit more and more crimes while in extreme alcohol intoxication. And sober they don’t even understand how they could decide on such an act. Therefore, the main task of UII employees is to carry out systematic monitoring of such persons, in particular, to assess their mental state. Inspection experts admit that such people need to be able to find a common language, and not demonstrate their authority over them. In addition, UII employees supervise convicted persons who are exempted from serving their sentences. The main task of state bodies in this case is to help people who have previously committed a crime in their social adaptation.
Control of convicts
The Penitentiary Inspectorate is an official body entrusted with the duty of monitoring convicted persons who are released from punishment. For this purpose, educational work planned by the executive committees is carried out with them. They are organized at the place of work, study or residence of the released person under the supervision of the supervisory committee. Educational processes are carried out by public organizations (often labor collectives). Convicts released from punishment for serious crimes are controlled by representatives of the criminal-executive inspection, which oversees them for preventive purposes. UII also control persons conditionally released ahead of schedule for the duration of their sentence not served. This procedure is carried out at the place of residence of the convicts.
Preventive surveillance
The Russian PEC obliges authorized bodies to carry out preventive supervision of released persons who have served their sentences in prison. Such a procedure is carried out by the criminal-executive inspection to prevent future crimes by these persons and to provide them with the necessary preventive support. Moreover, preventive supervision is carried out without humiliating the dignity of previously convicted persons. The legislation establishes a specific procedure for the implementation of this procedure:
- The court ruling on the implementation of preventive supervision is sent to the UII department at the place of residence of persons who have served a term in prison.
- Inspection officers warn the person being released about liability for non-compliance with the requirements established for his preventive supervision and the consequences of avoiding this procedure.
- If the supervised person does not stay at the appointed place of residence at the appointed time, the UII declares him wanted.
The employees of the penitentiary inspection must carry out a systematic monitoring of persons against whom preventive supervision is applicable.
Means of supervision and control
Each day of the criminal-executive inspection begins with the control of convicted (released) persons. In their work, UII employees use electronic methods of supervision and control. These include technical means used by state bodies in exercising control during house arrest; in cases of punishment in the form of imprisonment. Monitoring in electronic form of controlled entities involves the use of the following equipment:
- stationary control devices (SKU);
- mobile control devices (MKU);
- electronic bracelet - EB.
SKU are used for continuous round-the-clock monitoring of the presence in the established territory of certain individuals. The device also gives signals if the person under control attempts to get rid of the electronic bracelet. MKU is an electronic device that must be worn with an electronic device. It allows you to track the whereabouts of the convicted person using the GPS or GLONAS satellite system.
Criminal Executive Inspection Day
The effective use of punishments, which are an alternative to imprisonment, in relation to persons who have committed moderate crimes, help protect society from the criminal and reduce the level of public criminalization. For effective control, the staff of the UII use audiovisual, electronic, and technical means of monitoring prisoners. Programs on psychological personality correction are being introduced into practice. Work at the Institute is responsible, requires attention, carries a risk. Every year on May 7, the Day of the Criminal Executive Inspection is celebrated in the Russian Federation. This is a holiday for UII employees. The penal system is constantly evolving and improving. In her work, she interacts with the services of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, departments of judicial bailiffs and other law enforcement agencies. The activities of UII are also supported by the heads of districts, the administration of municipalities. This ensures the smooth functioning of the criminal executive inspections, contributes to their proximity to the needs of social development and international standards.
Addresses of the Penitentiary Enforcement Administration (Moscow)
- Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia: Zhitnaya street, house 14.
- Criminal Executive Inspectorate (FL 3): 49 Yaroslavskoye Highway.
- Office of the Federal Penitentiary Service in Moscow (Saturn Special Forces Department): 15 a. Narvskaya Street.
- Federal State Institution Criminal Executive Inspection (Moscow) at the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia: 26 Seleznevskaya Street.
- Department of Execution of Sentences: 24 Mantulinskaya Street.
- Reception of the Federal Penitentiary Service in Russia: Sadovaya-Sukharevskaya street, 11.
- Criminal Executive Inspection (Branch 22): Freedom Street, Building 11, Building 1.
- Directorate of the Federal Penitentiary Service in Moscow: Narva Street, 15 a.
- Criminal Executive Inspection (Branch 15): Yaroslavskoye highway, house 77/2.
- Directorate of the Federal Penitentiary Service in the Moscow Region: Upper Fields, building 65.
- UII (Branch 1): Yasny Avenue, 24a.
- Interdistrict Penal Inspection 17–18: Novoyasenevsky Prospect, 25.
- FSIN (Branch 8): Institutskaya street, 3rd building, building 2.
- PKU of the Criminal Executive Inspectorate of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in Moscow (Branches 19, 20, 21): 4 Pyryeva Street, Building 3.
- Convoy Office under the Directorate of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Moscow: 12 Chaginskaya Street.