On the map, the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic occupies a place between the Stavropol Territory, North Ossetia and Georgia. In terms of area, the region occupies 79th place among other subjects of the Federation. Quite often, one may come across the question of what the CBD is. It is worth immediately responding that this is a very common abbreviation for the name of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.
History of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic
A map of the modern republic was drawn up in 1922 by creating an autonomous national region, which was transformed into a republic in 1936. However, in this form the republic did not last long, since in 1944, when the German occupation was lifted, the Balkars were deported and the republic began to be called Kabardinskaya. The former name was returned only in 1957, when the deported peoples were rehabilitated.
Historically, the republic consists of two regions - Kabarda and Balkaria. It should be borne in mind that the borders of the moth region are changing, and different authors called them different regions within the North Caucasus.
Balkaria, in turn, is the historical region in the south of the republic where the ethnogenesis of the Balkarian people took place. In addition, the territory of Balkaria is rich in natural resources and very diverse in terms of relief - there are alpine meadows, fertile valleys, and vast forests.
Geography of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic
The regions of the republic are distinguished from each other in climatic terms quite strongly. First of all, this is due to the fact that significant elevation changes are observed in the republic. While in the flat areas the temperature in the winter months may not fall below -2 degrees, in the mountainous areas frosts can stand up to -12.
Answering the question about what the CBD is, it is worth starting with the fact that it is a republic located in the central part of the northern slope of the Caucasus. The territory of the region is usually divided into three main morphological zones - plains, foothills and alpine regions.
The territory of the republic is crossed by five large mountain ranges: pasture, forest, side, rocky and main. But the main natural attraction, attracting tens of thousands of tourists to the republic every year, is Mount Elbrus, which is considered the highest point not only in the republic, but throughout Russia.
Climate of the Republic
As it has already become clear, a vertical type of zonation is observed in the region, which means that the conditions change depending on the height. It is generally accepted that in absolute terms, winter in the foothills is warmer than on the plain, although this difference is not so great.
As for the summer, it is very warm, and its second half is even hot. Since June is the wettest month, by August many of the lowland pastures have time to dry, which forces the shepherds to rise higher into the mountainous regions, sometimes reaching the alpine meadows. In July, the temperature in the flat part of the region can reach +38 degrees.
Important geographic features of the republic
To understand what the CBD is for the country, you should familiarize yourself with the list of natural attractions of the region that are not limited to Elbrus alone.
The most important rivers are the Terek, Baksan, Malka, Cherek and Chegem. The length of each of the rivers exceeds one hundred kilometers, but many of them flow through the territory of neighboring regions, which primarily concerns the Terek.
In addition, on the territory of the republic there are several large groups of lakes, which are considered natural monuments. One of these groups is called Blue Lakes. Five karst lakes are located in the Cherek-Balkarsky river valley, thirty kilometers from Nalchik. One of the lakes, called Tserik-Kel, has a significant amount of hydrogen sulfide in the water at a depth below twenty-five meters. Upper Blue Lake has a greenish-blue color of water and a constant water temperature of 9 degrees Celsius.
The name of another group of lakes, Shadhurey, translates as "round pool". These lakes are also of karst origin, but are located in the Zolsky district of the republic. The area around the lakes is of great interest to lovers of beautiful nature, as they are surrounded on all sides by alpine meadows.
Administrative device
The administrative and territorial structure of the republic is regulated by a special law, which states that it includes three cities of republican subordination, which include Nalchik, Baksan, cool and ten districts:
- Baksansky.
- Zolsky.
- Leskensky.
- May.
- Cool.
- Tersky.
- Urvan
- Chegemsky.
- Cheremsky.
- Elbrus.
Nalchik is the capital of the republic and its largest city, and its population reaches 240,000. The three largest national communities of the republic are Kabardian, Russian and Circassian. However, Turks, Ossetians, as well as Armenians and Ukrainians also live on the territory of the republic.
Authorities
In the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, the city of Nalchik performs capital functions, which means that it is the residence of the president of the republic, parliament, government, as well as representative offices of the main federal authorities, such as the Central Bank, the prosecutor’s office and the representative’s office. In addition, the highest courts of the republic are located in Nalchik.
The Government of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic has thirteen specialized ministries, and is headed by its chairman. In turn, the head of the whole republic is the president of the CBD. Answering the question of what the CBD is, it is worth saying that this is an abbreviated name of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, which is a state within the Russian Federation and has national autonomy, while not possessing state sovereignty.