Brown spots are an unpleasant cosmetic defect that appears for various reasons. It causes psychological discomfort, especially to the fair sex. Let's try to understand the causes and treatment of facial pigmentation.
When does pigmentation appear?
Such spots can be in both girls and women over 50. Usually this defect appears after 35-40 years. Very rarely, a deficiency disappears by itself; usually considerable efforts are needed to eliminate it. Pigment spots, in fact, are places of large accumulation of melanin - the pigment that is located in different layers of the epidermis. With its deposition, pale spots appear on the skin in the upper layer. They range from light yellow to brown.
Otherwise, hyperpigmentation is deposited in the deeper layers of the epidermis. In this case, dark brown spots form on the skin. The disadvantage brings a lot of inconvenience to women, and even prevents to apply makeup.
The causes and treatment of pigmentation are interconnected. The choice of a method for eliminating a skin defect depends on the first. Before this, it is advisable to consult with a specialist. To understand what this flaw looks like, just look at the photo. The treatment of pigmentation is carried out comprehensively. And the causes of the disease can be as follows.
Heredity
Pigmentation may occur due to a genetic predisposition. Typically, stains occur in newborns. In this case, you need to consult a pediatric dermatologist or surgeon. Pigmentation may be a symptom of a serious illness.
Hormonal disorders
Pigmentation of a saturated shade appears during menstruation, pregnancy, during the year after childbirth or hormonal disorders. Experts call this chloasma and do not advise taking any measures on their own.
If hormonal disorders are caused by an ailment, then it is necessary to deal with the treatment of the underlying disease.
Endocrine pigment spots appear due to gynecological diseases, neoplasms of the pituitary gland, disorders of the thyroid gland. After the cure, the hormonal system is restored, the deficiency becomes paler, and eventually disappears.
Skin injury
This skin defect appears due to complex cases of acne, furunculosis, chemical and thermal burns, poor-quality peeling and other injuries. The intensity of the defect depends on the characteristics of the skin and the depth of the lesion. Sometimes local remedies for getting rid of pigment are not enough, so complex treatment is required.
Ultraviolet
Pigment spots of this species appear due to the negative effects of the sun's rays and other sources of ultraviolet radiation. Usually they occur on the face, as the skin there is thinner. Melanin protects the skin from burns and stains it in dark color. And frequent visits to the solarium and / or the beach during inopportune hours provoke the pigment to go to bed unevenly.
Spring sun rays are considered no less harmful: after winter, the skin of the face is partially depigmented. Sometimes even the use of sunscreens does not protect against the occurrence of spots. You just do not need to be in the sun for a long time in the afternoon.
Disease
Reddish spots form with disruption of the intestines, and brown spots with diseases of the liver or gall bladder. The appearance of a tan defect is associated with kidney disease. Separate treatment in this case is not required, you just need to adhere to a diet and normalize the work of internal organs.
Nerve disorders
The defect is formed due to metabolic disorders and / or hormonal disruptions. Spots come in various shapes and sizes.
Vitamin deficiency
Pigmentation often appears for this reason. Stains form usually with a lack of vitamin C and copper. If you eliminate the lack of these substances, then the defect will eliminate itself.
Medication
Often a flaw appears after prolonged use of drugs. This is especially true for antibiotics. In this case, you need to visit a doctor, informing him about the occurrence of a deficiency. The specialist will replace or cancel taking the drug.
Allergy
It appears due to improper use of care products. Rashes and spots on the skin form after using unsuitable cosmetic products. Allergies can be caused by essential oils or improper cleansing of the skin.
Aging
Dark spots appear after 40-45 years. The reason for this is the increased production of melanin and its uneven distribution, as well as hormonal changes and aging of the skin. Sometimes a defect can form due to the presence of chronic ailments.
The occurrence of this type of pigmentation is not dangerous, but it always confirms the presence of malfunctions in the body. When it appears, you need to think about your health condition and undergo a diagnosis.
Treatment methods
The treatment of pigmentation should be prescribed by a cosmetologist. Its basis is the elimination of the causes that caused these manifestations on the skin. To determine them, you may need to consult a therapist, gynecologist, endocrinologist and gastroenterologist. The diagnosis will make it possible to prescribe a course of treatment for pigmentation or underlying disease. Already in the middle of it there is a blanching of the defect, which will now be easier to eliminate.
Beauticians advise using the following treatments for facial pigmentation:
- whitening;
- cosmetic procedures;
- cosmetical tools;
- traditional medicine.
Each of these methods is effective. If the prescribed treatment for pigmentation is correctly performed, the condition of the skin of the face will noticeably improve. She will become prettier and healthier.
Whitening
The treatment of skin pigmentation is performed with the following whitening agents:
- Hydrogen peroxide. It is necessary to apply the solution (3%) only to areas with defects, since healthy skin can be injured.
- Cream with mercury. It is allowed to use it for a short time, since irritation may appear due to prolonged use. The product is prohibited for use by pregnant and lactating women.
- Zinc paste. The product perfectly whitens the skin, allows you to get rid of wrinkles and acne.
The use of such funds is necessary after consultation with a specialist in order to exclude harm to health. You also need to carefully read the instructions.
Cosmetic procedures
Such treatment of facial pigmentation can only be carried out by a cosmetologist or dermatologist. The method is selected individually, it all depends on the severity of the defect, location, indications and contraindications.
Whitening is performed:
- Ultrasonic or chemical peeling. The type of procedure should be determined by the doctor. For chemical peeling glycolic, fruit and other acids are used. They renew the upper layers of the skin, eliminate pigmentation. Ultrasonic peeling is performed with special equipment that introduces preparations that renew and whiten the skin into the upper layers of the epidermis.
- With a laser. It is carried out using laser beams, which sparingly remove the upper layer of the skin and update it. This technique is traumatic and painful. After it, healing agents are needed. The procedure is best performed in the winter, because during this period the sun's rays are less active. In addition to whitening the skin, laser beams improve its condition: it becomes young, elastic.
- Phototherapy. The procedure is carried out by a laser device producing intense light pulses. Light waves fall only on age spots and destroy cells that contain a lot of melanin.
Cosmetical tools
Pigmentation treatment is also performed with special whitening creams. Only they can be used under the supervision of a specialist, because due to inept application, negative consequences may appear - there will be more defects.
The doctor determines the type of product and eliminates contraindications. Some creams, for example, can not be used for diseases of the kidneys and liver. And others are contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation.
Often used for whitening:
- Cream "Akhromin Alen Mak". With it, spots are carefully eliminated and the skin is protected from ultraviolet radiation.
- Cream "Retin-A". Reduces the amount of melanin in the skin.
- VC-IP solution. Protects from hyperpigmentation of the upper layers of the skin.
A comprehensive solution to the problem is effective. Therefore, to eliminate this type of disadvantage, one has to use various means prescribed by the doctor.
Folk recipes
Pigmentation treatment at home is performed with masks and lotions, which can be easily prepared independently. Popular recipes include the following:
- You need to grate the cucumber, and apply the prepared gruel for 30 minutes on the face. The mask should not be washed off, it must be removed with a napkin.
- Fresh yeast (20 g) is mixed with lemon juice (15 ml). Ready gruel is applied to the face, and after 15-20 minutes, rinse with warm water.
- Sliced parsley (2 tbsp. L.) Must be poured with water (100 ml). The remedy is infused for an hour, and then filtered. Milk (100 ml) is added to it. Lotion can be used to wipe the pre-cleansed face 2 times a day.
- After filtering, parsley should be poured into water tins and put in the freezer. Washing with such ice cubes in the morning will allow you to get rid of spots and tighten pores.
- Rice flour (2 tsp) is mixed with honey (1 tsp) and vinegar (1 tbsp). Gruel is applied for 30 minutes. Remove the mask with a dry cloth and rinse your face.
- Almonds (0.5 cups) must be twisted through a meat grinder and mixed with lemon juice and water. The mixture is applied for 20 minutes and then washed off.
- Jacket boiled potatoes need to be peeled and knead with a fork. In the puree add the yolk. The mask is used for the face. It is kept until the potatoes cool, and then washed off.
- Protein should be mixed with lemon juice (from ¼ fruit) and hydrogen peroxide (3-4 drops). The mask is applied to the face, and after 10 minutes, the skin is washed off and treated with a nourishing cream.
- Milk and water should be mixed in an amount of 3: 1. Face should be wiped overnight.
Folk remedies have a mild effect. To prevent skin irritation and allergies, it is advisable to test them before use. For this, the product is applied to the inside of the forearm. If after 15-20 minutes there is no redness, then you can perform the procedure.
Even if the treatment of facial pigmentation at home has yielded positive results, health care cannot be left behind. Be sure to use sunscreens, and also visit a doctor regularly to correct the underlying ailment. It is also important to eat right and take preventative measures in the spring. After treatment, one should not be in the sun for a long time: it is advisable to sunbathe in the morning until approximately 12:00 and in the evening after 16:00. This lifestyle prevents hyperpigmentation.
Who should I contact? With age spots or other changes in the color of the skin, you need to go to a dermatologist. However, to identify the factors that led to skin disease, you may need to consult other specialists. The effectiveness of the treatment procedures is indicated by the photo. The causes and treatment of pigmentation can be established by a cosmetologist.
Thus, pigmentation on the skin is treatable. It is only important to accurately determine the factors that led to this. With proper treatment, the appearance of the skin of the face improves.