Many have heard when a person is called "dystrophic." This word is often used in relation to very thin people. But in fact, this is not only a comic word, but a dangerous disease. Dystrophic is a disease, not an ordinary thinness.
What is dystrophy?
Dystrophy is a pathological process leading to the accumulation or loss by tissues of substances that are not characteristic of them in a normal state. An example is coal accumulation in the lungs. With dystrophy, cells are damaged, as well as intercellular substance. Because of this, a violation of the functions of the diseased organ occurs.
The body has a complex of mechanisms that is responsible for the safety and metabolism of the cellular structure. It is called trophic. A dystrophic is a person who suffers from this trophic .
Most often, children under three years old are affected by dystrophy. It leads to a delay not only in physical development, but also in psychomotor, as well as intellectual. This disrupts the immune system and metabolism.
Types of disease
So, dystrophic - who is this? A person suffering from disorders in the body. There are several types of dystrophy. It is divided into mineral, protein, carbohydrate and fat, depending on the type of metabolic disturbance.
If we talk about localization, then dystrophy can be extracellular, cellular, as well as mixed.
By origin, the disease can be either congenital or acquired. Congenital dystrophy appears due to genetic reasons, since metabolic disorders are hereditary. Any enzyme that takes part in the metabolic process may be absent in the body, and this leads to the fact that metabolic products are not completely broken down and accumulate in the tissues.
Various tissues may be affected, but in all cases, the central nervous system is affected. Dystrophic is a person suffering from a serious illness, as a lack of certain enzymes can lead to death.
Dystrophy is also divided into three types: paratrophy, hypostature and hypotrophy.
Paratrophy is a metabolic and nutritional disorder that is expressed by overweight.
Hypostatura is the same lack of height and weight in accordance with the age norm of a person.
Hypotrophy is the most common form of dystrophy today. It is expressed in a small body weight in relation to the growth of a person.
Causes of the disease
Dystrophy is caused by a large number of various reasons. In addition to congenital disorders at the genetic level, which are associated with metabolic disorders, the disease can be due to stress, infectious diseases, malnutrition. Among other common causes, it is worth noting weak immunity, chromosome diseases, adverse external factors and the maintenance of an incorrect lifestyle.
There is such an erroneous opinion that dystrophic is a child who was born ahead of schedule. But this is not so, because the disease can develop after prolonged starvation or, conversely, overeating foods that contain carbohydrates.
A child born to a mother too young or too old can suffer from congenital dystrophy.
Symptoms of the disease
Dystrophy manifests itself depending on the form and severity. Among the common symptoms are excitement, loss of appetite and sleep, fatigue and weakness, weight loss and stunted growth.
If hypotrophy develops , body weight decreases by 30 percent, pallor occurs, tissue elasticity and muscle tone decrease.
In patients, a violation of the immune system occurs, the liver can increase, and the stool is broken.
With severe hypotrophy, the body becomes depleted, skin elasticity is lost, eyeballs subside, heart rhythm and breathing are disturbed, body temperature and blood pressure decrease.
With paratrophy in humans, excess fat is deposited in the subcutaneous tissue. Patients are pale and prone to allergies. At the same time, the intestines work. Diaper rash begins to form in the folds of the skin.
With hypostatism, symptoms are similar to malnutrition. This is the most persistent form of dystrophy, and it is very difficult to treat it.
How to treat dystrophy
Treatment of this disease should be comprehensive. If dystrophy is of a secondary nature, then doctors treat the disease that caused it. In another case, diet therapy is used, and secondary infections are also prevented.
If the child has 1st degree malnutrition , then the treatment is carried out at home. With a higher degree, the child is placed in a hospital.
Patients need to eat breast milk, as well as sour milk mixture. Food should be fractional - up to 10 times a day. In this case, the doctor keeps records of changes in body weight. In addition, enzymes, vitamins and dietary supplements are prescribed.
So dystrophic - who is this? This is a seriously ill person who needs to be treated as soon as possible, since the consequences can be sad.