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The uterus in women is lined with the so-called endometrium or the lining of the uterus, and with its inflammation, endometrosis begins to develop. It can spread to other organs in the case when it grows into the thickness of the uterus itself, such endometirosis is called internal, and when it spreads to other organs is called external endometiosis. This disease is very dangerous, because endometriosis and conception go hand in hand: with the disease, the ability to have children is significantly reduced.
The main causes of endometriosis are hormonal imbalance, a genetic predisposition and reduced immunity. Also, endometriosis can develop due to enucleation of myomatous nodes, after a cesarean section, with a manual examination of the uterus or after an abortion, when the uterine curettage occurs.
Endometriosis can also occur during a gynecological operation, when particles of the endometrium fall into the flow of lymph or blood and then humorally spread throughout the body. As a rule, women 35-45 years old begin to suffer from endometriosis, and they mainly suffer from infertility. The disease can occur after surgery, and endometriosis, as a rule, is considered genital.
Endometriosis, the symptoms of which we will consider later, can be distinguished from a true tumor by pronounced cellular atypia, but nevertheless, endometirosis has the ability to infiltrative growth due to the fact that it has the property of growing into other tissues. So it can grow into the skin, peritoneum, ureters, bladder, intestinal wall, it can even be found in the blood and lymph vessels, and in this case the woman begins to "cry with bloody tears."
The main manifestation of the disease endometriosis, the symptoms of which are listed below, are severe pain in the first days of the menstrual cycle, when the endometrium begins to be rejected in the form of menstrual flow. The pain can be localized in the inguinal region, when the corners of the uterus are affected, as a rule, the pain is given to the vaginal area or presses on the rectum with the development of endometriosis of the uterine isthmus, and at the end of the menstrual cycle the pain subsides or can completely disappear until the next menstruation. More information about the clinic of the disease can be found in the medical encyclopedia under the heading "endometriosis: symptoms."
In addition, endometriosis symptoms are of a different nature. With endometriosis, a menstrual cycle is usually disturbed, and in this case there may be prolonged and profuse discharge, they begin as spotting dark spots four days before menstruation, and then there may be small discharge after menstruation for three, four days. After such a period, women may develop yellowness of the skin, pallor, weakness, drowsiness, and increased fatigue.
The disease can have a different degree, from the first to the fourth, depending on the degree of damage and the development of foci of endometrial spread.
They diagnose it with the help of ultrasound examination and ultrasound sonography. For a more accurate definition of the disease, hydrosonography is used, as well as x-ray hysterosalpingography, when a large area of the uterus is visible and all the lesions caused by endometriosis are visible.
Treatment consists in the appointment of hormonal drugs, surgical intervention and in eliminating the effects of endometriosis, so that there is no pain during menstruation. Basically, hormone therapy is carried out according to the scheme: endometriosis - treatment - Duphaston, which is the most versatile and effective drug for this disease.
Of course, the main treatment for endometriosis is surgery, and after the operation, after four to five months, hormonal drugs are prescribed . In the event that endometriosis affects the cervix, then solkovagin solution is applied to all damaged areas, laser vaporization and radiocoagulation can also be performed, and cryodestruction of ectocervical endometriosis is also carried out.
Endometriosis, which develops in the fallopian tubes and ovaries, is treated by laser evaporation during laparoscopy, and as hormonal preparations, rigevidone, arevelon, ovidone, anovlar, microginon, duphaston, tamoxifen, and others, which normalize the hormonal background and contribute to the suppression of the development of the disease, are used.
Summing up, we can conclude that the entire lining of the uterus, which exfoliates during the menstrual cycle, can become inflamed and penetrate into various organs and tissues, which causes their inflammation, and can be treated surgically and with the help of hormones.