Aseptic is a whole complex of measures that is aimed at preventing microorganisms from entering the wound. He was proposed by a German surgeon named Bergman. It is he who can be called the "father" of asepsis.
To date, this set of measures is quite extensive. The main way to prevent infection from entering the patient’s wound is by cleaning. Now there are 4 of its varieties:
- preliminary;
- current
- final;
- ventilation.
Pre-cleaning is carried out in the morning, even before the start of surgical operations. It is from this that all asepsis begins. Alcohol wipes are the main means of pre-cleaning. This event includes wiping all horizontal surfaces.
Routine cleaning is carried out directly during the surgery. It lies in the fact that all objects falling on the floor are cleaned in the shortest possible time.
Final cleaning is done after the end of the trading day. In this case, the floors are cleaned with disinfectant solutions. Subsequently, ultraviolet lamps are turned on, allowing to destroy harmful microorganisms in places of their maximum accumulation.
Oddly enough, but one of the most effective cleaning methods is conventional ventilation. After it, the amount of harmful flora becomes 70% less, and sometimes even 80%.
It was previously believed that the microflora in the air is not able to cause the development of diseases in the operated patients. Gradually developing, asepsis refuted this. It was found that air purification from bacteria can significantly reduce the likelihood of developing septic complications. As a result, the determination of the number of pathogenic microorganisms in the air has become very relevant. According to this indicator, operating systems were further divided into several classes:
- Operating rooms designed to perform routine surgical interventions. Here the number of microbial bodies per 1 cubic meter of space does not exceed 300. For example, aseptic and antiseptic in dentistry, proctology, gastroenterology, purulent surgery allows the use of just such rooms.
- Operating rooms used for surgical interventions in the cardiovascular system. Moreover, the number of microbial bodies per 1 cubic meter of space here should not exceed 120.
- Operating rooms with absolute asepsis. Here they try to reduce the number of microbial bodies to a mark of no more than 5. For such operating rooms, asepsis is an hourly extensive set of measures. High pressure is created in the room, as a result of which the air tends to leave it, taking microbes with it. Entrance to such operating rooms is a special gateway, where staff undergoes thorough processing.
As it became clear from what was written, asepsis is a really important concept for medicine, which has great prospects. Moreover, already at this stage there is a certain differentiation into its various sections. As a result, aseptic and antiseptic in dentistry is not the same as in abdominal surgery.