In complex sentences, in addition to the main thing, there is necessarily an additional clause. This second dependent part may play different roles. For example, there is a relative clause. The features of such proposals will be discussed in this article.
Complicated sentence with subordinate concessive
The Russian language is polysyllabic and expressive. To reinforce or emphasize the description of some events or phenomena, a complex sentence with an adverbial concession is often used. Usually it contains an indication of a certain condition that could interfere with the fulfillment of something described in the main part, but contrary to this, the action is performed, has happened, or can be done. That is, the adverbial concessive is a speech construct containing a non-triggered reason that could interfere with the action, but did not affect it. You should also be aware that it is part of a complex sentence, and always acts as a dependent. For example: “Despite the fact that many states have developed a social program to help the poor, poor children continue to beg for alms in transitions.” The main part is “poor children continue to beg in transitions”. The concession is contained in the sentence "despite the fact that many states have developed a social program to help the poor." This part is dependent, because it cannot exist separately without the main one - the thought is not finished and requires disclosure.
If we turn both parts of a complex sentence into simple equivalent units of speech, we get the following: “In many states, a social program has been developed to help the poor. Beggar children continue to beg in transitions. ” In principle, the meaning of the statement is preserved, however, both sentences are contradictory, which creates some difficulty in understanding the main idea of the author’s statement. It is precisely for the most successful understanding of meaning, for greater expressiveness and to create a vivid image in speech that complex sentences with subordinate concessions are used. Thanks to such constructions, the main idea of the statement becomes more emotional and coloring.
Questions answered by the relative clause
In the process of parsing complex sentences, you should determine the relationship between its parts. Therefore, it is very important to remember that subordinate clauses are concessive to answer questions against what? no matter what? despite what? and some others. For example: "Contrary to popular belief about the bloodthirstiness of tigers, practice proves otherwise: these animals can be cute, affectionate and obedient, like domestic cats."
Consider the relationship: "Practice proves otherwise (contrary to what?) Contrary to popular belief about the bloodthirstiness of tigers." There is an adverbial concession. In the sentence, it stands in front of the main part, highlighted by a comma. You should also be aware that the relative concession applies to all that matters. With dependent sentences of a different kind, the situation is different. For example, subordinate places and tenses refer only to the predicate of the main part, and definitive ones to the noun, pronoun or word of another part of speech, which performs the function of the noun.
Unions for linking parts in designs of the type in question
The subordinate concessionary joins the main with the help of the following unions: in spite of the fact, in spite of the fact that, despite the fact that, despite the fact that, let it be, though, at least. In speech, such constructions are often found. Examples of relative clauses will help to consider the proposal:
1. Despite the fact that she was beautiful and smart, no one took a girl to marry.
2. Let it rain on the street, children sitting locked up is not reasonable!
3. I will fire you no matter who the headmaster of your spouse is!
4. Despite the rapidly deteriorating vision, Valentine did not stop his experiments.
5. Although spring was already in full swing, our chicken did not want to sit on eggs in any way.
6. Although the wind knocks down, let the snow fall asleep, it’s still necessary to go to work.
The appearance in the design of another union “but”
Sometimes in the main sentence the word “but” appears in addition to the existing union in the subordinate concession clause. The design may exist in both cases. However, if there is a “but”, punctuation marks become easier, because everyone knows that a comma is always before this union. For comparison, we can cite examples similar to those used above: “Although the wind knocks down, let the snow fall asleep, but you still need to go to work” or “Let it rain in the street, but the children should not be locked up.”
A hint is offered for self-testing, based on the above method of constructing complex sentences with subordinate concessions. It says: if in the main part you can substitute the union “but” without losing meaning, then you need to put a comma before this union. This construction should be defined as a complex sentence with an assignment clause.
It is necessary to dwell in more detail on the spelling of the unions “despite” and “regardless”, and also to list the complex unions, which include these words.
Combined and separate spelling
If the sentence with the relative clause includes the words “despite” and “regardless”, you need to know that they, the name of the form of the participle, are written with the particle “not” in one piece. For comparison: "Tanya washed dishes, not looking in the direction of Valentine." “Not looking” in this case is a member of the proposal (circumstance), therefore it is written separately. "Despite feeling unwell, Tanya washed the dishes." Here the word “despite” is not a member of the sentence, but serves to join the relative assignment, therefore it is written together.
To help those who study the Russian language and doubt the spelling, one can offer such a hint: if the words “regardless” or “despite” have the pretext “on”, then this is a union, and you should write it together with “not”, but in the absence of such, the use of gerimony is observed, which must be used separately with "not."
Punctuation marks
Often the construction of unions “in spite of” and “regardless of” is used in order to attach the relative concession to the main part. Examples: "Despite progress, there are still such corners on the planet where the standard of living of the population is terribly low." In such constructions, the union “regardless of” or “despite” is included in the subordinate part. It should be remembered that the dependent clause is separated from the main comma.
Signs in the unions "despite the fact that" and "no matter what"
An extended union design is often used. Then comma separation is required. Usually this happens in cases where the relative concession is attached to the main sentence with the help of "despite the fact that" or "despite the fact that". Unions are separated by commas, which are preceded by the word "what." For example: “Despite the fact that the couple lived together for more than half a century, they managed to maintain tenderness and mutual understanding.”
Attachment of subordinate concession in allied words
Along with the unions listed above, there is another way to join the dependent part of the proposal. For attachment often used allied words in combination with a particle of "neither", for example: no matter what, no matter how much. Usually in this role are interrogative-relative pronouns and adverbs.
By the way, the presence of an amplifying particle “neither” again emphasizes the accentuating role of the subordinate concession, which was mentioned at the beginning of the article. When writing these allied words with particles, you should not confuse "neither" and "not." Examples: "No matter how much Tatyana cried on winter evenings, Eugene’s attitude towards her did not change for the better." We see a complex sentence with a subordinate concession, which is joined by the union word “how much” with the amplifying particle “neither”. “Tatyana did not cry anymore, and Eugene’s attitude towards her began to change for the better.” This is a complex sentence, the particle “not” with the verb is used for negation.
Differences between the subordinate concession and the separate circumstance of the concession
Sometimes you can find constructions of sentences that are extremely similar to each other in meaning. However, during parsing, they should be distinguished. Such are complex sentences, in which there are dependent concessive clauses, and simple, where the concession is expressed using a separate circumstance. The difficulty in distinguishing between these constructions lies in the fact that the dependent part of the complex sentence and the isolated member answer the same question. In order to make this idea more understandable, you should turn to examples.
1. “Despite the fact that all the members of the expedition laughed and joked, the sense of anxiety did not leave Alexei ...” A complex sentence with an adverbial concession “despite the fact that everyone laughed and joked”, to which the following question can be asked: “Despite what ? " As evidence, we highlight in this dependent part of the complex the main members of the sentence: “expedition members” - subject, “joked” and “laughed” - homogeneous predicates.
2. "Despite the laughter and jokes of all the members of the expedition, the feeling of anxiety did not leave Alexei ...". A simple sentence with the subject "feeling anxiety" and the predicate "did not leave." The concession is present in a separate circumstance “despite the laughter and jokes of all the members of the expedition,” which, like the subordinate clause, answers the question “despite what?”
In order to avoid mistakes when writing texts, one should remember: the relative clause is highlighted with commas; parts of unions “despite” and “regardless” are written together; with allied words, an amplifying particle “ni” is used.