At every stage of training, in the study of any school subject, didactic principles must be strictly observed. One of the most important rules of teaching and, in fact, raising a child is the principle of consistency and systematicity. Without a sequence of presentation of material, study will not bring either benefit, nor experience, nor the joy of learning.
The principle of consistency was brought out by Jan Amos Comenius, who is still considered the father of didactics.
The principles of learning are ...
What are didactic principles? This knowledge is about how to properly structure and present material, how to organize the educational process. These are also the requirements that a teacher must fulfill so that his work does not go unnoticed.
For the benefit of students, the teacher must clearly observe seven basic principles of instruction: consistency, visualization, accessibility, systematization, an individual approach to students and taking into account the characteristics of the age of children. The whole essence of pedagogy is based on these principles.
Learning hierarchy
In fact, more important principles cannot be singled out. But we can say that without the principles of consistency, accessibility and visualization, training is completely ineffective. You cannot teach a child that which he cannot understand, or that which is not ordered.
If the school teacher does not follow the principle of consistency in their plans and notes, children will not be able to perceive his lessons. And in general, the percentage of success in his subject will be low.
The principle of consistency and consistency
The principle of systematicity by Jan Comenius is as follows:
The whole set of training sessions should be carefully divided into classes - so that the preceding always opens the way for the next and illuminates his path.
This principle indicates that the teacher needs to learn to form and express his thoughts in such a way that his students develop a single image in the learning process. So knowledge will remain in memory for a long time.
Memory studies have found that after 48 hours, almost 80% of the material is forgotten. To manage to remember more, you need not only to constantly repeat the material, but also to connect it logically with what is already well known.
Implementation of the principle
How in practice to ensure the implementation of the principle of systematic and consistent training? How to build a lesson?
Here are a few rules that help you keep the principle.
- Conduct systematization lessons.
- In each topic, always identify the main ideas and give explanations for the internal connections between the concepts.
- Distribute the material so that the pieces of knowledge in each lesson are logically completed.
- Explain interdisciplinary communication to students.
- All abstracts, modules - all basic supporting literature should be consistent and contain examples.
- Repeat the material regularly.
What else is needed to implement the principle? Firstly, a brilliant knowledge of the training material in order to be able not only to retell the text of the textbook with words, but also give examples.
Secondly, a certain level of consciousness is needed. Unfortunately, young graduates of pedagogical universities do not have this level of consciousness. But without it, without love for children, in the end, pedagogy cannot exist.
Analysis and synthesis in training
For a detailed study of parts of the material, analysis is necessary. Analysis, as we know, is an abstract division of information into smaller segments and the study of each segment separately. After a thorough comprehensive study of each segment, it is necessary to carry out the synthesis.
Synthesis is a logical device that combines elements into a whole. It is necessary again to combine information into something general and visual. Abstract things are forgotten faster. And fragments of knowledge, devoid of any foundation, are forgotten even faster.
The principle of systematization and consistency of the educational process allows you to plan the training so that all the materials that have been studied earlier can become the basis for learning a new topic. A new topic, in turn, would become a prerequisite for subsequent conversations and explanations.
Visibility principle
Another principle important for the development of the child’s mind is the principle of visualization. This rule states that abstract theoretical education is impossible without visual thinking. Figurative examples allow children to get clear ideas about the objects of reality.
Training and education
In order to grow and form an integral harmonious personality, it is necessary in education to rely on the principle of systematicity and consistency.
Children are able to perceive a lot of information. But when it is all interconnected, the training goes even faster. A single condition - it is necessary that the previous material is well understood and does not cause more questions or misunderstandings.
In the teenage period, a person builds a unified system of world outlook, his own view of things. And if in the head of students there is chaos from a large amount of disordered information, it will be more difficult for them to adapt in adulthood.
Therefore, one of the tasks of the school teacher is to give not only specific scientific knowledge in their subject, but also an extensive understanding of life, the practical side of the subject.
Active learning methods
When a student is told and given material in a finished form, he becomes bored. Human intelligence is more active when it has to face obstacles, discover something, solve. To activate the developing intelligence of children, they use active teaching methods: solving specific issues related to the topic, two groups of students or didactic games.
These methods are more productive; children not only learn with interest, but they themselves build logical and analogous connections between concepts. The method should be consistent with the goal. And interactive and active methods work best when the goal is to summarize the material covered over a long period of time. These lessons are always remembered, and the material systematized in this way is firmly rooted in the memory.
Similarities and differences
Another good method to establish internal and external relations between elements of a topic is to give the task of finding similarities and differences. The principle of systematicity and consistency implies the establishment of understandable strong bonds between the digestible material and what has already been studied.
Active search by students of the connections between the elements not only stimulates interest in the study of the subject, but also allows children to be taught to establish causal relationships on their own.
conclusions
The principles of pedagogy must be followed when constructing a lesson summary. To implement the principle of consistency, the teacher must take into account how successfully his students learned the previous material. And if the previously studied remains unclear, explain again. New terms and explanations are always perceived with difficulty, so fairly clear examples for explanations should be prepared. The principle of systematization states that from time to time all the material passed through must be remembered with students and conducted generalizing lessons with them, at which they will be able to show their knowledge and demonstrate intelligence and logic.
Thus, that is, organizing a creative lesson, the teacher can most fully realize the principles of strength, systematicity and consistency. Without following these principles, learning is simply ineffective.