Soil conservation is of great importance to our planet. The improper exploitation of this natural resource has caused the destruction of the upper layer of the earth, as well as the loss of its fertility. As a result, huge territories fell out of using the agro-industrial complex , on which it is impossible to achieve the required productivity.
Soil conservation is now an acute global problem. It is directly related to the provision of food for our population on the planet.
Soil protection is a whole system of measures aimed at the implementation of certain actions to protect, improve the quality and rational use of land resources. Carrying out these works allows you to maintain and increase fertility, as well as maintain the stability of the upper layer.
The main causes of fertility loss are:
- erosion processes;
- secondary salinization of soils on which the irrigation system is applied;
- destruction of growing vegetation and soil layer for the purpose of mining;
- implementation of construction;
- pollution by harmful elements;
- loss of humus, etc.
The soil layer undergoes the most damage during erosion processes. The fight against these phenomena, as well as the adoption of preventive measures to prevent it, is an important component of the protection of land resources.
The fertile layer also suffers from secondary salinization. It sharply reduces the productivity of the fields, which is the reason for their exclusion from agricultural use. Secondary salinization is especially widespread in areas with an arid climate, where there is a need for watering the land. In this case, there is an increase in the level of groundwater, which, evaporating, contribute to the salt accumulation in the fertile layer. To prevent this phenomenon, appropriate measures should be taken. These include the implementation of control measurements of water-salt regimes and compliance with their normative values.
The global problem that has covered our entire planet is soil pollution. It is a process in which various chemical elements and toxic substances accumulate in the upper layer of the earth. Sources of their allocation are vehicles and industrial centers, as well as agricultural production. The surface layer of the soil suffers from the influx of a large amount of harmful substances from atmospheric air, as well as when applying fertilizers containing pesticides and various ballast elements. Actively pollute land resources vehicles. Lead and nitrates, as well as other harmful substances, enter the atmosphere with exhaust gases .
Soil protection contains the main strategic directions that are complex and multifaceted. Industry and energy sectors should gradually switch to the production of products that are ecologized, allowing for the production of little or no waste of available resources. The work of agriculture is also subject to restructuring. It should be subordinate to the need for measures to introduce the most effective means to fight pests. The criterion for the selection of fertilizers should be their low pesticidal danger.
Soil protection should also consist in constant monitoring of the state of the upper layer of the earth. Taking preventative measures may include exhibiting specially designed layouts. Soil protection signs are warning in nature. According to customer samples, for example, the company "LESPROMDESIGN" is engaged in their production.