Breeding sturgeon is a business that promises quite a lot of profit. Everyone can deal with it, regardless of the region in which he lives. This is possible thanks to the use of closed water supply (UZV). When creating them, it is only necessary to ensure optimal conditions, as well as the required area. In this case, fisheries are formed from hangar-type buildings in which pools and a water treatment system are located.
Introductory information
Sturgeon breeding in UZV is an approach based on a system consisting of several basins. They are equipped with filters and devices that contribute to the constant renewal of water. This approach allows you to breed fish even in harsh climatic conditions. The presence of a closed and customizable system makes it easy to achieve the optimal parameters necessary for the successful cultivation of fish (temperature, oxygen, and so on). Breeding sturgeons in the ultrasound system allows you to achieve the necessary weight for sale after a year of life. In addition, caviar is also subject to sale, which is very valuable and is not cheap due to its valuable nutritional qualities and relatively small offer.
How beneficial is it?
Sturgeon breeding in UZV as a business has proved itself to be good - if you work tirelessly and in accordance with the mind. So, the cost of one kilogram of products is about 600 rubles, which allows you to make a profit of up to 400 rubles. So, a farm that produces about five tons of fish per year has a turnover of about five million rubles. Of these, up to two is net profit. Having an enterprise at a profitability level of 30-60% is quite possible. To achieve a net profit and a full payback of the project, it takes only two to three years. Moreover, it should be borne in mind that you can get not only the fish itself, but also caviar. In other words, the breeding of sturgeons in UZV as a business is quite feasible. But how to implement this?
What is necessary for this?
Imagine that we are faced with the task of organizing a fish breeding farm, which allows us to get about five tons per year. How to achieve this? What kind of ultrasound equipment do you need for sturgeon breeding? In short, this result allows you to get:
- The room is about 125 square meters, provided with water, sewer, heating and electricity.
- Feed ratio is 1.4. That is, 7 tons of food per year is needed.
- The volume of water is 2100 cubic meters for twelve months.
- Electricity consumption is about 5.5 kW. 48 thousand kW are needed per year.
- At least two employees for a salary of 60 thousand rubles per month.
- The necessary equipment, which will cost about three million rubles.
How is sturgeon breeding carried out in a UZV? The full scheme below can be used both as a family business and to create a full-fledged enterprise.
Pools
First of all, it is necessary to take care of the equipment with which the fish is maintained. Of course, in the first place there are pools. Depending on their cost, capacity and manufacturer, this item will pull at least two million rubles. The following containers are suitable for use:
- Frame construction.
- Polypropylene
- From ceramic tiles.
- Enamelled metal containers.
- With solid concrete walls.
To grow fish up to 300 grams, you need to take care of a rectangular or round pool. It is enough to have a diameter of 1.6 m and a depth of 90 centimeters. For those fish whose size ranges from 0.3 kg to 2 kg, a pool with parameters of 2.2 m and 1.3 m should be provided. It should be noted that 1 square meter allows you to grow up to 60 kilograms of sturgeon. It is necessary to ensure that the sturgeon lives in favorable conditions. For him, it is necessary to maintain the temperature at the level of 18-20 degrees Celsius. Therefore, heating is necessary in winter, and cooling in summer. For this, the system provides for the possibility of using a heat exchanger.
Water purification technology
Since the business plan for sturgeon breeding in UZV does not provide for their free range, and living in the same water is problematic, it is necessary to provide a solution to the quality problem of their living environment. How should water treatment be carried out?
At the first stage, it undergoes mechanical filtration. To do this, micro-mesh drums rotating in the housing are used. Periodically, they need to be cleaned of various solid particles, such as uneaten food, fish feces and so on. Mechanical filtration removes harmful substances such as nitrates and sulfates from the pool.
Then you can proceed to the second stage. It carries out biological water treatment. The equipment for this is performed in the form of a concrete tank buried in the floor. It is filled with special elements - bio-loads. Their cost is about 20 thousand rubles per piece. The concrete tank is filled with water, after which aeration begins. This process removes carbon dioxide from the pool. After all, you must remember that fish can also breathe, and they need it.
The third stage involves denitrification. It is carried out using a closed filter. This stage is necessary in order to reduce the amount of nitrates, which will inevitably occur after bioremediation. Methanol is used to decompose these compounds. This filter has a low bandwidth. This fact should be taken into account.
Pumps
Growing sturgeon requires a constant circulation of water. For this, a pump is used, which will cost 20 thousand rubles. With its help, fresh water is taken, after which it is mixed with the main liquid. Its amount should be equal to the drain to ensure uninterrupted circulation of water in the system. The sturgeon breeding technology in UZV pays special attention to this point, it is not necessary to ignore it and assume that it is enough only to clean the liquid used.
Additional points
Also, such equipment is used for fish farming:
- UV lamps. They are necessary for disinfecting water.
- Oxygen generator. Allows to saturate water with the required amount of oxygen.
- Ozonizer. It is necessary to provide the living environment with ozone.
- Incubators. Required in cases where fish are bred for caviar.
- Feeders. Allow to provide a dosed supply of food at the required time.
What will be needed next for breeding sturgeons in the UZV?
Fish acquisition
First you need to get some animals. For breeding, fry are used. Their acquisition is the first stage of activity. First of all, you should have at least ten thousand fry. Why so much? The fact is that even with experienced specialists, their deaths reach about 60% of the total. It is possible to reduce this value, but this is a complex and costly business. Fortunately, their cost is about 20 rubles apiece, and the weight is a few grams. Therefore, with their acquisition and transportation problems should not arise.
By the way, it is better not to save on the first fish. Of course, even if you buy dried fries and provide them with good conditions, then they will get better over time. But time will be lost, more funds will be needed to service them, and you should not forget about the case. Therefore, it is better not to save on quality.
How to grow fish?
Years of experience and experimentation allowed us to select several optimal techniques. Two of them are described below:
- Kiselev’s technique. It assumes the stocking of pools twice a year. It also involves harvesting once every six months. The disadvantage of this technique is that it is difficult to gain a lot of weight for such a significant period.
- Technique Krasnoborodko. It provides for such an approach to fish farming when the crop is harvested at short intervals, but in small quantities. This system allows for trouble-free operation thanks to numerous filters for water purification, adaptation of its disinfection, pumps and periodic updating of the liquid. This technique involves exclusively one-time stocking of pools. It allows to minimize the area required for breeding in terms of equipment placement, as well as the number of pools.
Getting caviar
Sturgeon breeding in UZV is used not only for obtaining fish meat. Sturgeons also allow you to get such a delicacy as caviar. In this case, it is necessary to make two independent installations of closed water supply. The first is used for broodstock, while the second is used for producers. The second feature is that they must be in cold water.
In the first year, the harvest is not particularly impressive in size - females give up to eight percent of their own weight. Not too much. But in the second year, this figure can reach a value of 20%! This is what sturgeon breeding is like in a UZV. Technologies and drawings will create an idea of how everything should be. And the implementation will allow you to create devices for absolutely every taste.