There is hardly a woman who is indifferent to her appearance. That is why young girls and ladies in age will certainly be upset about the appearance of even a barely noticeable pimple on the face. And this is not to mention those brown spots that clearly do not add appeal.
Dark patches of skin that appear on the face are clearly visible against the background of the color around the dermis. They do not carry any danger in themselves, and even in some cases pass independently. However, sometimes the causes of pigmentation on the face lie in diseases of the internal organs. That is why when dark spots appear on the skin, you need to pay attention to the condition of your body.
How to get rid of pigmentation on the face? To do this, you must first find out the causes of its occurrence. This will allow you to choose the right course of treatment for delicate facial skin and achieve a quick and effective result.
Age spots - what is it?
A particular skin tone depends on the level of melanin in the epidermis. The more this substance, the darker the skin looks. For example, albinos have no melanin at all. In other people, this substance is certainly present to a greater or lesser extent.
In a healthy person, melanin is evenly distributed. This allows the skin to have a beautiful and even shade. But in the event of any malfunctions in the development of this substance, its focal accumulations occur. They are called pigment spots. The color of these darker areas may vary. Its shades are distributed from light yellow to brown.
Types of age spots
On the face of a person, cosmetologists distinguish:
- Freckles. These age spots are accumulations of melanin located in the outer layers of the epidermis.
- Moles. Their occurrence is facilitated by deposits of melanin located in the deep layers of the skin.
- Lentigo. They are understood as benign spots that occur in older people.
- Chloasma. This is hyper- or strong facial pigmentation.
As for freckles, their presence on the face is characteristic of people who have fair skin. As a rule, they occur after such a person has been in the sun for a long time.
Moles do not give us any discomfort. After all, we have them since birth. But the last two types of spots are pigmentation acquired, often covering not only the face but also the neck. Moreover, these parts of the body are constantly in sight, which causes severe discomfort. Brown spots on the face are a real problem for many women, as they look unaesthetic. In addition, as mentioned above, they can be a symptom of a disease.
Dermatologists have identified the main causes of pigmentation on the face of a woman, which are worth considering in more detail.
Heredity
Often the cause of the appearance of age spots on the face is a genetic predisposition. This primarily refers to moles and freckles. Many children, one of whose parents had a large number of freckles or nevuses on the body, growing up, also begin to become covered with similar neoplasms and spots. It is interesting that their location is practically in the same places as that of dad or mom.
Hormonal problems
Very often, pigmentation on the face appears in girls and young women during menstruation. This phenomenon provokes a hormonal imbalance in the body. For the same reason, pigmentation appears on the face during pregnancy, after abortion, miscarriage and during lactation. Doctors call such dark spots chloasma and believe that they do not need to be treated. It is enough to restore the hormonal balance, and the problem will disappear by itself.
Pigmentation on the face in women also occurs due to problems with the thyroid gland. This pathology also causes hormonal bursts in the body. As a rule, the spots that arise in this case have an irregular shape. How to get rid of pigmentation on the face in this case? Doctors do not recommend using folk methods or cosmetic procedures for this. A woman should, first of all, eliminate the underlying pathology. After recovery, the complexion will be restored.
Hormonal disorders in women also cause pelvic ailments. They also cause pigmentation on the face. That is why, when dark spots appear on the skin, you should visit a gynecologist, do an ultrasound scan, take tests and check hormones.
Gastrointestinal diseases
Pigmentation of the skin on the face sometimes occurs in connection with the existing pathologies of the stomach and intestines, gall bladder and liver. It is not for nothing that it is believed that the appearance of our skin is directly related to the proper functioning of the digestive tract. All the ailments and ailments of the organs included in it are immediately reflected on the face. With the appearance of pigmentation and abdominal pain, it is recommended to consult a gastroenterologist. The doctor will conduct the necessary studies and identify the pathology.
Epidermal damage
Brown spots on the face sometimes appear due to the presence of:
- furunculosis;
- acne
- thermal or chemical burns;
- cracks, wounds or scratches of the skin surface.
The intensity of the unpleasant phenomenon that occurs in these cases will directly depend on the individual characteristics of the person, as well as on the depth of the injury. If there are particularly severe cases, then the standard tools necessary to eliminate facial pigmentation will be clearly insufficient. A woman is likely to require a course of complex therapy.
Dark spots on the skin sometimes appear from exposure to chemicals. With an increased sensitivity of the epidermis, which is sometimes observed in women, pigmentation on the face can occur after using a poor-quality cosmetic product or drug that contains aggressive chemical elements.
UV exposure
The most common cause of pigmentation on the body is sunlight. A person who does not have a tendency to the appearance of dark patches of skin perceives ultraviolet light as his good friend. Indeed, under the influence of sunlight on the surface of the skin, the formation of such vitamin D necessary for our body occurs. Moreover, the melanin contained in the cells of the epidermis protects the skin from excessive amounts of ultraviolet radiation.
But one who has a predisposition to the appearance of dark spots on his face reacts to the sun's rays in a completely different way. The melanin found in the skin of such people manifests itself unevenly. This leads to the fact that in some places the epidermis is painted in a brighter color, and in others - in a dark one.
But, in any case, it is not worth it to be too fond of tanning. After all, staying in the sun or in a tanning bed longer than necessary time will certainly harm the skin. The greatest danger in this case is the spring sun. After all, its rays act on the epidermis, which after a long winter period managed to significantly lose its natural pigmentation. It is in the spring that freckles appear, which sometimes cover not only the face, but also the neck, arms, chest and shoulders.
In order not to become a victim of pigmentation from ultraviolet radiation, you must properly sunbathe and do not forget to treat the skin with sunscreen.
Lack of vitamins
By the appearance of pigmentation, a woman’s body can also respond to an unbalanced diet. A good way to fix the problem in this case is to use juices from:
- grapefruit, which will fill the lack of vitamins A, C, and B2;
- lemon rich in vitamin C, and B1, 2, 5, 6, and 9;
- radish, making up for the lack of vitamins A and C;
- a cucumber containing vitamins C, B and PP.
The most common cause of dark spots on the face is a lack of ascorbic acid. To replenish it in the body, you need to drink juices, and also include products containing this useful element in the daily diet.
Parasites
Doctors consider the presence of “uninvited guests” in the body as one of the causes of pigmentation on the face. Being in the intestine, parasites irritate its walls, which is immediately reflected on the skin. In this case, additional symptoms such as allergies and bad breath from the oral cavity, pain in the joints and muscles, migraines, constipation or diarrhea, and appetite and sleep disturbances often occur. If such signs are found, it is necessary to consult a doctor to eliminate the problem.
Age changes
In older people, usually in women, senile lentigo occurs. These are age-related age spots that are caused by a decrease in the amount of melanin.
This process is natural. Age-related pigmentation on the face most often manifests itself with the onset of menopause. During this period, in addition to everything, hormonal changes occur in the body. All this contributes to a change in complexion.
Stress
The causes of skin pigmentation can be various mental illnesses and nervous tension. After all, the mental state of women and all the emotions that arise in them are immediately reflected on the face. Even with latent anxiety in the body, hormonal disruptions can occur, which will cause a skin disease. In such cases, it is recommended to eliminate the very cause of stress by drinking soothing tea and surrounding yourself with pleasing things.
Treatment methods
The basic principle that should be followed when getting rid of pigmentation is to eliminate the causes of this phenomenon. To determine it, you will need to consult a therapist, endocrinologist, gastroenterologist or gynecologist. After a particular diagnosis is established by a doctor, a course of therapy is prescribed that allows a person to get rid of the underlying pathology. As a result of recovery, the spots that a woman has on her face can either disappear spontaneously or turn pale, which will make it easy to eliminate them.
Of course, I want to get rid of pigmentation as soon as possible. After all, these spots so spoil the appearance. That is why many ladies use a variety of methods to eliminate such an unpleasant cosmetic defect, including:
- whitening;
- salon procedures;
- the use of special cosmetics;
- traditional medicine tips.
Pharmaceutical bleaching
Hydrogen peroxide will help eliminate age spots on the skin. It is used as the basis for the preparation of tools to get rid of a cosmetic defect in the shortest possible time. One of these recipes involves the use of a mixture, which contains a large spoon of 3% peroxide mixed with a small piece of soap ground on a coarse grater. 3 drops of ammonia are added to these ingredients, after which everything is whipped, achieving a sufficiently thick foam. The finished mixture is applied to the face except for the area around the eyes. The duration of the procedure is 15 minutes, and the frequency is once every 7 days.
The following recipe using hydrogen peroxide involves making a mixture of 2 tablespoons of this product and 1 spoon of lemon juice. In the resulting solution, gauze is moistened, which is then placed on the face, keeping for 7 minutes. Such lotions are allowed to be done daily by a course that each woman selects for herself individually.
Hydrogen peroxide (3%) can also be applied in its pure form to the area where a pigment spot has formed. All other areas of the face should not come into contact with this substance in order to avoid injury to the skin.
As a short-term remedy for pigmentation, a cream with mercury can be used. Long-term use of such a composition sometimes causes irritation of the skin. Pregnant and lactating women such a cream is contraindicated.
The use of regular zinc ointment also contributes to the process of removing pigmentation on the face. Its main advantage is the absence of contraindications. Due to this, zinc ointment can be used by women even during pregnancy. The drug is applied 2 or 3 times during the day until the spots completely disappear.
It should be borne in mind that before you start using this or that tool, you must carefully familiarize yourself with its composition and be sure to conduct a test for an allergic reaction.
Salon treatments
To eliminate dark spots on the face, various cosmetic procedures are performed. For their passage, it is necessary to contact specialists who will prescribe this or that technique depending on the nature of pigmentation, as well as its severity. In this case, cosmetologists or dermatologists carry out:
- Chemical or ultrasonic peeling. One or another type of procedure is prescribed by a doctor. For chemical peeling, glycolic, fruit and other acids are used. All these substances contribute to the exfoliation of the epidermis and its renewal. Thanks to this action, pigmentation is eliminated. Ultrasonic peeling involves the use of special equipment. With the help of devices, the specialist introduces various preparations into the upper layers of the patient’s skin, which have a renewing and whitening effect.
- Laser removal of pigmentation on the face. It is also performed using special equipment. The laser beams produced by the apparatus contribute to the gentle removal of the upper layers of the skin and its further renewal. This modern technique is quite painful and traumatic. After its completion, the patient will need to use healing drugs. Laser therapy is best done in winter. The fact is that during this period of the year, the rays of the sun have their least activity. In addition to whitening the skin, the laser improves its condition, rejuvenating, making it more elastic. At the same time, an even and beautiful tone is given to the face.
- Phototherapy for the face from pigmentation. Cosmetologists perform this procedure using a laser device. This is an apparatus producing intense pulses of light flux. The formed waves, falling on the spots of age spots, destroy those cells that contain a large amount of melanin in their structure.
Special compounds
As a means of pigmentation on the face, often use strong cosmetic creams. However, they must be selected together with the doctor. Otherwise, many side effects can be acquired at the same time as treatment. Pregnant women should pay particular attention to this warning.
Very often, doctors recommend a pigmentation cream on their face to their patients. For those who have undertaken intensive skin treatment, you can whiten the spots that appear with the following means:
- Retin-A. This cream very effectively eliminates any pigmented formations on the face, and the reasons for their appearance do not have any effect on the effectiveness. The course of use of the cream is 30 days. The action of the drug is carried out by reducing the amount of melanin.
- VC-IP. This solution actively affects pigment spots due to its ascorbic acid. It belongs to the anti-aging line and helps a lot to eliminate lentigo. Its action is effective even after laser and chemical peels. The course of treatment lasts from one week to a month.
- "Skinoren." Judging by the reviews of women, this cream, sold in pharmacies and in specialized stores, is quite effective in combating dark spots that appear on the face. The tool actively eliminates not only pigmentation, but also freckles, scars, acne marks. That is why teenagers like to use this cream in order to get rid of acne on the skin.
Folk methods
What methods of effective skin whitening can be used? At home, you can apply many recipes that allow you to put in order the complexion, making it beautiful and even. To obtain the desired effect, you will need herbs, cosmetic and essential oils, as well as the usual products that every housewife has in the kitchen.
- Compresses With the regular conduct of such procedures at home, even the darkest freckles will certainly become invisible. To do this, you need to prepare a decoction of herbs, mixing it with yogurt and lemon juice. In the prepared solution, gauze tissue is moistened and applied for 10 minutes to the face. If you repeat this procedure with an interval of two days, after a couple of weeks, you will be able to enjoy your own reflection in the mirror.
- Lotions. Nature endowed some herbs with pronounced whitening properties.That is why traditional medicine recommends their use. At home, lotions can be prepared from such herbs, which will make it possible to lighten the age spots on the face. To do this, apply a decoction or infusion of yarrow, licorice, bearberry or parsley. They rub their face twice a day or just wash themselves. The effect will certainly make itself felt soon.
- Lotions.The same list of herbs is recommended for them, from which bleaching lotions are made. Fresh leaves of medicinal plants are crushed by applying the resulting slurry to the area of the age spots in the form of applications for 20 minutes. A similar tool is recommended to be used every other day.
- Masks These are one of the most effective and very popular folk remedies that allow you to lighten dark spots on the skin. An affordable and at the same time effective mask against pigmentation on the face involves the use of sauerkraut juice. A clean piece of cloth is lowered into it, and then it is squeezed to a wet state. The material is applied to the age spots and left on the face for 30 minutes. Cabbage juice is non-aggressive, and therefore this mask can be used daily.
- Oils. Sometimes folk recipes for bleaching formulations include the use of cosmetic oils. So, jojoba is very effective against dark spots. In addition, when adding essential oils that differ in anti-pigment effect to tonics and masks, the results can be seen only after 2-3 procedures. This effect can have esters of birch and oregano, mint and patchouli, turmeric and black pepper, rosemary, eucalyptus and sandalwood.