Val - what is it? It turns out that this short word has many meanings. Moreover, it is used in several areas of life. For example, in technology, economics, architecture. He also has a figurative meaning. Details that this is a shaft will be given in the article.
Dictionary Interpretation
The dictionaries give a large number of meanings of the word "shaft", which look like this:
- An embankment of earth or soil, which differs in some extent, a fence, which is used as a fortification or fortification. Example, "When creating a fortress, they decided to enclose it with a powerful earthen rampart, equipped with a deep moat on the approaches."
- Sea wave having a great height. Example: "The storm was growing, and a steep, foamy, green wave shaft completely covered a small boat."
- In economics, a designation of the total volume of products produced over a given period. Example: "At the meeting, it was decided to refuse to perform work that is profitable in terms of shaft to the detriment of those that are necessary."
In technology and in architecture
The word "shaft" is also used in these areas of human activity.
- In technology, a shaft is equipment, which is an elongated rod that is mounted on supports and transmits rotational movement from one part in the mechanism to another. Example: "The master concluded that a new mechanism can be installed instead of the old one, but this will require replacing the intermediate steering shaft."
- In architecture, a shaft is a so-called bummer, which is semicircular in cross section. Example: “Semenov regretted that in construction today, as in previous times, the shaft is still a determining element in so many architectural decisions.”
Other values
Next, we will also consider other meanings of the word we are studying.
- In a figurative sense, a shaft is the highest rise or massive influx of something. Example: "When the girl became aware of the girl’s misadventures, a powerful angry newspaper rampart fell upon her."
- View of the street, which usually goes where the rampart used to be. Example: "Suschevsky Val Street is a major highway in the northern part of Moscow."
Synonyms
The synonyms of the word we study include such as:
- the embankment;
- elevation;
- boom;
- construction;
- traverse;
- forehead;
- notch;
- zastruga;
- escarpment;
- Hill;
- cavalier;
- wave;
- detail;
- spindle;
- rotating cylinder;
- kernel;
- drum;
- slider;
- roller;
- banquet;
- gate;
- Street.
As you can see, the list is long.
Sustainable combinations and phraseological units
In the term we are studying, they look like:
- Blame the shaft.
- Crankshaft.
- Cardan shaft.
- PTO.
- Camshaft.
- The ninth shaft.
The expression "Ninth Wave" has several meanings. Consider them.
- A symbol of force majeure, which is quite common in art. It is based on the belief that during a storm the ninth wave is the strongest and most dangerous.
- Painting by Ivan Aivazovsky, an outstanding Russian marine painter.
- The name of the village, located in the Primorsky Territory, in the Nadezhda district.
- The name of the intellectual television game led by Boris Burda, journalist, bard, writer.
- The satirical magazine, which was published in 1906 in St. Petersburg.
Origin of the word
According to etymologists, the linguistic object we are studying comes from the pre-Slavic val. From it also came the Old Russian and Church Slavonic val. Similar words are also found in Ukrainian, Serbo-Croatian, Slovenian, Polish, Czech. All of them are used in the meaning of "shaft, wave, ice rink."
Close to them are such words as “failure”, “collapse”, “dump”, as well as “to blame”, Old Russian and Ukrainian “Vali”. As well as Lithuanian volė, meaning a wooden beater, a roller and East Lithuanian volióti - “roll”, Latvian uolît - “roll, twirl”. It is believed that the primary source of the above words is the ancient Indian lexeme válati in the meaning of “rotates, rotates, rolls”.
The painting "The Ninth Wave"
This is one of the most famous works of Ivan Aivazovsky, a Russian artist, whose main theme was seascapes and battles. Currently, she is in St. Petersburg, in the Russian Museum, where she got in 1897, being transferred there from the Hermitage.
The painter depicts the sea on it at a time when a very strong storm continues on it, as well as people who were shipwrecked. Huge waves are illuminated by the rays of the sun. The largest of the waves - the ninth shaft - is about to collapse on people who are making desperate attempts to escape, clutching at the debris of the mast.
Despite the fact that only this mast remained from the wrecked ship, those who are on it are still alive, and they continue to fight with the mighty element. According to art critics, the warm colors with which the canvas abounds do not paint the sea quite harsh. They allow the viewer to hope for the salvation of the brave and courageous people.