It is widely believed among students and parents that poetry is included in the school curriculum only in order to develop children's memory. However, this is not quite true. Scientists have proven that there are many exercises in the performance of which there is a memory training. Poems are one such means. But poetry, which has tremendous power of influence on the inner world of man, still has a different purpose.
What should not be allowed
A person who is deprived of the opportunity to come into contact with poetry will never fully master his native language. He will have difficulty expressing thoughts, feelings, experiences. Even the meaning of speech addressed to such a person can be perceived by him distorted.
What should be done to avoid such serious problems? It turns out that everything is very simple: you need to listen, read and learn poetry by heart.
When to start learning poetry
The question of when to start learning poetry with a child is quite appropriate. Psychologists, for example, argue that children show the greatest interest in reading by heart at the age of 4-5 years. But this does not mean that memorization of verses is contraindicated before the age of four. Just very often it happens that children are not inspired by such activities, and sometimes even actively resist.
If this happens, then adults can go for the “trick”. Poems should be read aloud, as if "for themselves", not specifically attracting the attention of the child. Reading should be loud so that the baby can hear it. Reception can be used from the very first days of the birth of the crumbs. The method of "reciting poetry" from infancy in subsequent years will certainly give a positive result, and memorizing a text (prosaic or poetic) will never be a problem for a child.
The influence of poetry on personality development
In children's literature there are a lot of poems intended for play. These are all kinds of cries, sentences, counters, teasers, jokes, jokes. Without such a rhyme, learned by heart, the game will not take place, since the literary work in this case is part of the fun or the game itself.
On the positive side, one can also attribute the fact that children memorize rhyming strings on their own, with peers or older children who can already know the secrets of how to quickly learn a poem. Adult involvement is not required, and that’s good. This is how communication skills and the emotional-volitional sphere of a child develop better.
The kid’s interest in reading and memorizing poems can develop into a passion for poetry, which may be the beginning of his own creativity.
How to use memory
Adults, giving the child advice on how to learn a verse from literature, should have an idea of ​​the stages of memory, and of what significance each of them has in performing the assignment.
After the initial acquaintance with the content of the poem, the memory of sensory perception is triggered. She plays a role in the process of memorization, because thanks to her certain images and feelings arise. The process proceeds involuntarily, without any tension.
Short-term memory begins to act when a person shows efforts of will. In this case, the student tries to keep the text of the poem in his mind, repeating it. Mentally captures words, phrases.
Long-term memory is the main component of the entire system. This is a kind of repository of information about what constitutes a person’s life, his cultural baggage.
For a poem to be reliably deposited in the “head,” it must go through all three stages.
Vocabulary Enrichment
Regular work with poetic texts can significantly enrich the child’s active vocabulary. For example, tasks of this kind are aimed at this, where an adult asks to find comparisons in the text of the poem. For example, with what the poet compares birch, sunset, snow, sky ... It is necessary to ask the child to find the words with which the author draws this or that natural phenomenon, event, etc.
Performing such tasks will speed up the process of memorizing text by heart.
The development of imaginative thinking and stage skills
Thought images are able to “color” the inner world of a person, making him alive, vibrant and responsive. You can create wide expanses and picturesque landscapes with your imagination using the poetic word.
If the child constantly raises the question "how to quickly learn a poem", then advice on training the imagination will be very useful for him. Let him make his habit not only to hear a poetic text, but also to see everything that is described in it, to smell, touch, and sound.
During memorization, invite the student to stand in front of a mirror or on an imaginary scene. Let him “see” the audience who came to listen to him. The performance of the poem should be such that the inner feelings of the audience excited, become more alive. In this case, the contractor should have a similar feeling.
How to read poetry
There are at least two types of reading - for entertainment and for the sake of learning. Each of them has its own goals and objectives. If a person knows why he is reading, then it will be easier for him to decide how to do this.
When a child has a specific goal - to quickly learn a poem - then one must take into account the mood with which he begins to read. Most often, such a task does not cause enthusiasm in children. Therefore, the task of adults is that reading poetry is still entertainment for the child, and not an unfortunate necessity.
To achieve the goal, you need to maximize the imagination of the child, ask him to present in detail all that he is reading about. “Place” the baby in the environment described in the text. Make him the hero of a poem, or let him imagine himself a friend of the poet who wrote the poems.
Having succumbed to the game, the child imperceptibly carried away by reading, and the task will be completed with ease.
How to learn poetry
There are many tips on how to quickly learn a poem . But immediately you need to make a reservation. Each person is individual, so the technique that one liked, may not fit the other. Of the variety of methods and techniques that aim at how to learn a verse quickly, you need to choose your own.
- Scoring a poem at different speeds. First, have the child read the work as required by the rules of expressive reading. Then the text is reproduced faster. At the third attempt, the pace is doubled. But words should not “run” against each other, only a distinct pronunciation is counted. Then the speed of reading must be deliberately stretched, paying attention to the work of thought. At the end of the exercise, you need to return to the pace of speech from which you started.
- Reading a poem with varying degrees of volume. Have your child read the text at the volume of a take-off airplane or symphony orchestra. The next reading should be so quiet that the child can barely hear himself. After repeating the exercise several times, ask the child to read the poem in the end, taking into account its meaning.
- Reading text with a change in logical stress. This technique can be used to memorize a passage that is especially difficult to remember. Reading a sentence or line, the child alternately puts a logical stress on each of the words. It is important to focus on the semantic content of the resulting phrase.
- Scoring a poem in different voices. Invite the child to tell the poem in a different voice. For example, as a mom or dad, as a TV presenter, as a little brother.
- Reproduction of the poem in different places of the apartment, the room - on the couch, in the bathroom, at the desk, on the balcony. Let this place be completely unexpected for the reader, for example, sitting on Dad’s shoulders.
- Mental reading of the poem. Ask the child to read the poem so that no one can hear it, not even himself. In this case, the child's lips should not move, they can be held with your fingers.
Reading verses by heart is one of the requirements of the literature program. The document contains recommended lists of works that will be offered to children for memorization during the school year. If the child really has a big problem with memorizing texts, then you can introduce the student to the list and offer him to memorize verses in advance, in small passages.