Crime is a system of offenses occurring in the country. Its indicators reflect the dynamics of the criminogenic element in society. The crime rate in Russia has changed throughout the development of the state. But in recent years, this figure has dropped significantly.
Crime in Russia
Over the past six months, about 1 million crimes were registered in the Russian Federation. In some areas, they were performed much more often than in others. The crime rate in Russia is directly related to the population density of the region. In areas where there are more residents, more violations are committed. At the same time, in sparsely populated areas, taking into account statistics on the number of illegal acts per capita, it turns out that violations occur more often.
Moscow is considered the most dangerous city in Russia due to the fact that it has the most residents. For six months, it recorded approximately 72,000 crimes. In second place in the ranking of the most dangerous cities in Russia are the cities of the Moscow region Balashikha, Mytishchi, Voskresensk, Kolomna, Serpukhov. About 44,000 crimes were recorded in them over the same period. This is easily explained by the fact that this area is also densely populated.
One of the highest crime rates in Russia is recorded in the Krasnodar Territory. About 33,500 criminal cases were registered there. For example, not so long ago, the business of the cannibal family thundered throughout the country - for a long time she was engaged in eating people.
Robbery
It is important to take into account the fact that, according to the Criminal Code, robbery is an attack with a weapon. Moreover, even threats with a toy gun are considered robbery. Its use means the deliberate use of weapons to physically affect the victim.
In addition, according to the Criminal Code, robbery can be carried out in the form of mental impact, threats of violence, dangerous to life and health. The most important condition is that the victim perceived the weapon as a real danger, even if it was obviously a toy for the criminal.
About the arms trade
According to statistics, more and more often Russian citizens began to engage in illegal arms purchases. At the same time, there are fewer cases of its use than before. The main illegal channels for this traffic were the North Caucasus and Ukraine.
About narcotic drugs
In 2017, official statistics were published, according to which, Russian citizens condemn the use of drugs to a much lesser extent than adultery. In 2017, about 7.5 million Russians were involved in drug trafficking in the country.
Many do this only periodically, and approximately 2,000,000 people use drugs on a regular basis. Official medical records currently number approximately 640,000 people suffering from such addiction. Mortality from the use of prohibited substances in the Russian Federation is approximately 8 times higher than that in European countries.
According to crime statistics in Russia, currently a quarter of those serving sentences in places of imprisonment have been convicted of drug trafficking. In 2016, about 200,000 crimes in this area were recorded.
Most of the criminal offenses of this type are classified as grave or especially grave. Over the year, their number decreased by 7%. Most often, this criminal act is carried out in St. Petersburg. Here it makes up about 30% of all crimes. The safest area for this indicator is Chukotka, as well as Tver.
About latent crime
Speaking about the crime rate in Russia, one cannot but mention such an important aspect as latent crime, which means unregistered offenses. While in European countries a lot of attention is paid to its study, in Russia this issue is not covered. The fight against it in the country is only temporary in accordance with the decree of the Minister of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, if organized at all.
In recent years, a decrease in the number of registered violations has been noted in the Russian Federation, while worldwide this indicator is growing. Do not think that in our country they are more effective in combating crimes. No, the whole point is that more often victims do not file complaints about offenses, or employees of the authorities refuse to accept them.
An increase in crimes of a latent nature contributes to the impunity of violators, thanks to which they move on to more and more serious acts. As a result, this affects the negative changes in the criminal situation. The scope of latent crime in the Russian Federation is equal to the number of registered criminal cases.
Empire Crime
Features of the fight against crime in Russia have deep historical roots. Accurate counting of offenses began to lead only in the XIX century. The number of criminal cases, and violators, defendants were also recorded.
In the middle of the XIX century, according to official statistics, in the Russian Empire, the number of convicts steadily increased. The economic upheaval that took place in the country during this period strongly influenced this indicator.
Toward the end of the 19th century, changes in indicators of this type were not intended. By 1917, the number of economic offenses rapidly increased. The thing is that in those days, capitalism developed in the country. For this reason, criminogenic elements moved within the framework of market relations.
In the RSFSR
During the February and October Revolutions, the very concept of crime was changed. It is important to note that it is difficult to provide statistics for this time period, since several Criminal Codes changed from 1917 to 1926.
Many offenses were investigated in an anti-legal format - in the “troika”, at “special meetings”, at “comradely courts”. Crime statistics in these years were also carefully hidden under the heading “secret” and “top secret”.
During the NEP
In the time period of 1917-1922, information about crime was recorded very fragmentarily. Among the main sources of data on this issue are statistical surveys, collections of the Ministry of Justice.
From fragmentary information that has reached our days, it follows that the number of convicts did not change significantly during this period. However, crime was urbanized. Increasingly, illegal acts began to be committed in large cities. The number of misconduct increased.
In the period of industrialization
In this historical period, the number of recorded crimes has decreased significantly. During the years of the "Stalinist repressions," the criminal prosecution unfolded on an incredible scale. Often sentences were passed without trial. For this reason, there is a phenomenon consisting in a decrease in the number of convicts during the years of Stalin's rule.
The crime rate during the Great Patriotic War then decreased, then rose again. In the early years, the number of convicts at the tribunals was great; starting in 1943, this figure dropped significantly.
After the war, crime rates increased. The whole point was that ruin, homelessness, and social maladaptation reigned in the country. In addition, the population in the arms settled trophy firearms, which are often used in crimes. Many organized groups appeared.
In the second half of the 1950s, a wave of amnesties was introduced, which freed many repeat offenders and socially dangerous figures. This led to a surge in crime. In addition, the war led to a weakening of militia personnel. The effectiveness of law enforcement has fallen dramatically.
The last decades of the USSR
In the last decades of the country's existence, changes in criminal law have occurred. So, the procedure for accounting for offenses has changed. The crime rate in the Soviet state grew steadily. By the 1990s, the criminalization of society gained momentum. She was no longer able to control the state.
In the 1990s
In the 1990s, there was a huge jump in crime. More and more Russians were involved in the implementation of socially dangerous activities. The criminogenic situation in the country has worsened significantly.
Crime has acquired the features of organized gangs. By 1997, the state managed to curb the increase in the number of violations. However, a huge number of them remained unregistered. Detection rates have worsened.
Presently
According to the data of the Minister of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, in 2017 the crime rate in the country reached its lowest level. But you need to remember that very common violations, such as beating, were decriminalized. In addition, the level of latent crime remains quite high.
About two thirds of all dangerous acts are committed by persons previously held criminally liable. Every third offense in Russia is committed intoxicated.
About the fight
Each year, about 30 thousand murders and attempted murders are committed in the country. A significant part of them occurs on household soil. Russia is in the top 5 countries in the number of murders per capita.
As for Moscow, in this city the number of crimes decreased by 20% in 2017. The number of robberies in the city decreased by 39%, and the number of vehicle thefts - by 34%. In addition, the number of criminal hooliganism also decreased by 14%. It has become much safer on city streets, in public places. Here, the number of crimes decreased by 29%.
In many ways, the installation of an urban video camera system contributed to increased security. Access to filming in real time have law enforcement officials, as well as representatives of the executive branch.
Records from these cameras are currently used in the investigation of 70% of crimes. For example, in 2017, largely thanks to them, it was possible to solve about 3 thousand crimes. About half of them were thefts.
In addition, residents of the city have the right to reserve a record, with the aim of subsequently applying them in the course of a trial. They are also often used to find out who was wrong in a traffic accident. Archived videos are stored for about 30 days.
Internal crime is an indicator of the most vulnerable points in society and in the state. This is a traditional virus that attacks the weakest places in the body. In Russia, there is an extremely negative trend associated with attacks on the life and health of citizens. And despite good indicators, in terms of the number of murders per capita in world rankings, Russia is adjacent to Myanmar and Peru.
According to official statistics, every year the country loses 2 times more people than in 10 years of the Afghan war. The thing is that in the Russian Federation effective tools to protect citizens from attacks are not provided. Parents in the country continue to accompany their children from home to school. Expensive foreign cars with drunken drivers fly over the roads, the punishments for which in the event of an accident will be strangely lenient.
The number of latent rape in the country remains extremely large, as everywhere in the media the accusation of the crime of the victim and the whitewashing of the offender are broadcast. The sense of impunity for rapists leads to an even greater number of crimes of this nature, and more and more psychological pressure on the victims.