The heating shield is a fairly convenient device, and in some cases even necessary. However, it must be remembered that it has two such drawbacks as a small working surface, as well as a high working temperature (from 300 degrees). The first drawback is bad in that the small surface does not allow to heat a large room as a whole, and high temperature is dangerous because of the possibility of fire.
Heat loss reduction
Since the development of technology has already gone quite far, there are several ways to reduce heat loss.
The first method is the installation of a heating system with a liquid coolant, which will constantly circulate, either using a pump or naturally. However, here you need to pay attention to such a fact as the temperature of the water. Since if the liquid freezes, then the pipes will simply burst, and this will disable the entire system completely.
The second method is just the installation of a stove or stove with a heating shield. Heat loss in this case is reduced due to the fact that the combustion products will exit through the chimney, which is mounted directly in the brickwork.
Advantages of the shield
Disadvantages of the shield have already been indicated, now it is worth considering what advantages the design of the heating and cooking stove has. She also has a heating shield. For example, if a cast-iron stove is used in the house, and there is an addition to it in the form of a three-channel single-turn shield with lower heating, then the following benefit can be extracted:
- heating will be faster than using just a brick oven;
- the heat in the room will remain longer;
- kitchen appliances, for example, can be connected to such a device.
Design Varieties
Heating shields are classified according to many criteria. One of them is the thickness of the walls of the structure.
- The first option is the laying of everything in half a brick. This thickness is considered large and relevant only if the plate will be used for a long time. In addition, this thickness is considered sufficient to protect the room from fire.
- A stove with a quarter-brick heating shield is an easier option. The peculiarity is that the structure will heat up faster, but at the same time cool faster. In addition, it is much more important here to observe the masonry rules, as well as to comply with all fire safety rules, as the walls will be thinner. Another requirement is laying the flap on the foundation with waterproofing. The furnace itself, in turn, must be equipped with a metal casing.
Devices can also differ in type of construction and in the installation features of each of them.
- Bell type. The design feature is that there is one or two brick surfaces that are interconnected by a channel. It is important to note that in such a heating shield made of brick, the entrance and exit of the chimney must be mounted lower than the upper plane of the brick. The bottom line is that hot air will go up, where it will remain until it cools, and when this happens, it will be forced into the chimney by a warmer volatile substance.
- The second type is called channel. The peculiarity lies in the fact that the chimney should be mounted in the form of a coil channel, in which the pipe diameter is the same over the entire length of the channel. This type of chimney can be either horizontal or vertical. It is important that in any case partitions are installed in it. In addition, jumpers are additionally installed. In summer, for example, they can be used to cut off half that is not necessary for heating and concentrate all the heat, for example, on a stove.
It is worth adding that for the heating panel of the channel type, which works in tandem with the fireplace, the installation of jumpers is not needed. Since the main task is to heat the room and cutting off any parts does not make sense. The last variety on the configuration of the shield. It can be straight or angular. The first type is used most often, but the second is able to give more heat and save more room in the room.
Canal type masonry materials
In order to masonry such a channel-type device, the following materials will be needed:
- full-bodied ceramic red brick in the amount of 309 pieces (the amount may vary depending on the selected ordering scheme);
- you will need three valves with dimensions 130x130 mm;
- it is necessary to have three doors for cleaning with dimensions 130x140 mm;
- exhaust grill with valve has dimensions 150x200 mm;
- 4 buckets of sand and 6 buckets of clay, as well as 2 m 2 roofing material for waterproofing.
Recommendations for masonry flap
It is important to understand that the masonry of heating and cooking guards must be carried out in accordance with all the rules of furnace business. This means that first you need to fill the foundation, which will not be connected with the foundation of the house. It should be higher than the half-house by 150 mm minimum, and it is necessary to lay a waterproofing layer on top of it, for this you need a roofing material. After that, you can start laying the shield in accordance with the order that was selected.
Tips for masonry
In order to properly lay out the shield of the brick, you must adhere to the following rule - the thickness of the seam is a maximum of 3 mm. Another rule is the maximum layer thickness of 5 mm. After one row of bricks has been laid out, it is necessary to check it for horizontal and vertical accuracy. For this, a building level and a plumb line are usually used. Another important requirement is that excess mortar must be removed, and inside every 3-4 rows of masonry, you need to wipe the surface with a damp cloth.
Lightweight version
Since not everyone may be familiar with the furnace business, a simpler version of the arrangement of the heating shield is proposed. The frame of such equipment will be assembled in a finished metal case, which is additionally lined with asbofaner or another layer of metal sheets.
The lightweight version is very different in that you do not have to equip the foundation. This type of shield can be installed on a wooden floor. The only thing that needs to be done is to first lay two layers of felt on the floor, which are previously soaked in clay mortar. Next, you need to install the frame of the shield, which is welded from the corners, exactly vertically. The support for the structure must be very stable, for which it is recommended to make 4 legs. Next is the brickwork. The first row is simply laid out flat on the base. After this, the masonry continues until it reaches the first layer of facing material. After laying the first row, the lining for the second is mounted and the second is laid out. Thus, it continues until the flap reaches the desired parameters.
The approximate parameters are as follows:
- 730 mm in length and 340 mm in width;
- the height is usually about 1930 mm, and the total weight of the structure is about 650 kg;
- the height of the legs for the frame must be at least 65 mm;
- the level of the first row of cladding should be at a distance of 625 mm.
What devices is used with a guard
It is worthwhile to understand for which devices the heating shield will come in handy, and which ones are not needed at all.
- A shield made of brick material will be very effective if a fireplace or a fireplace stove is used for heating a room, the case of which is made of metal.
- A furnace such as the Swedish Zhirnova is practically not used without a heating design. In appearance, it strongly resembles a fireplace, but at the same time it additionally has a hob. In terms of functions, it is still more suitable for the fireplace, since the amount of heat for cooking is allocated quite a bit.
The last type of furnace that the shield fits well with is the Feringer device. Most often, such devices are used in steam rooms or baths. In general, we can conclude that making this device with your own hands is quite simple, but it is not suitable for everyone.