Acute pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas that occurs due to the fact that the cells of this organ under the influence of the enzymes that it produces are digested. At the same time, part of the enzymes destroys the vessels supplying the gland, causing swelling of the organ, and in severe cases, dramatically disrupting blood supply and leading to tissue death. The second part acts on adipose tissue, causing necrosis.
The result of these processes is inflammation, which contributes to the resorption and melting of small foci of dead tissue. Large foci of necrosis do not dissolve, but separate from living tissue, forming sequesters. Quite often, penetrating microorganisms cause inflammation of the purulent nature of the pancreas and adjacent tissues. In severe cases, with massive necrosis, internal bleeding, peritonitis, shock and death can occur .
Acute pancreatitis can be provoked by alcohol poisoning, a tendency to overeat, the use of large amounts of fatty and fried foods, as well as spicy, pickled and salty foods. If at the same time a person has gall bladder diseases, then in 80% of cases he is provided with acute or chronic pancreatitis.
Acute pancreatitis arises if there is any barrier to the outflow of pancreatic juice. It can create stones in the gallbladder, tumors or cramps of the excretory ducts.
How to identify pancreatitis
Acute pancreatitis causes very severe pains, in which the patient can not even straighten up, and with the introduction of antispasmodics, the pain does not subside. The pain is localized in the left hypochondrium, and sometimes in the right, while it can be girdle-like, capturing the area of the back. The intensity of pain can be different, it starts from a feeling of discomfort and ends with severe pain that lasts constantly, exhausts and can give to the shoulder blade, chest, side or stomach. A characteristic posture for an attack of acute pancreatitis is sitting with bent legs and leaning forward, because lying pain is unbearable.
All pain is accompanied by nausea and frequent vomiting, temperature may rise. The person turns pale, becomes covered with sticky sweat, the pressure drops, the pulse is quickened. When examining the language, a plaque is visible on it. In some cases, jaundice develops in parallel, while the skin and whites of the eyes turn yellow.
Treatment of acute pancreatitis
In order to provide assistance, hospitalization of a patient with acute pancreatitis is necessary, preferably in the first hours of the development of the disease. Since the treatment started at this time can stop the process and prevent the development of formidable complications, leading to serious consequences and even death.
The first few days a person needs to observe bed rest, starve and drink alkaline drinks - Borjomi or soda solution. To replace the usual diet, the patient is injected with intravenous fluids. An ice bladder is placed on the stomach. If it is impossible to stop vomiting, then the gastric contents are aspirated and alkaline solutions are introduced through the probe.
Next, drugs that regulate gastric secretion, enzymes and antibiotics are connected. Antispasmodics and painkillers are used to relieve pain. To reduce the production of enzymes that contribute to the development of the inflammatory process in the gland, Gordox, Contrical, and Trasystole are prescribed.
If the pain continues, drugs can be prescribed that suppress the production of hydrochloric acid or neutralize it. Antibiotics are designed to prevent the development of or suppress the joining secondary infection. In some cases, you have to resort to emergency surgery to save the patient's life.