Northern Europe is an established part of the region on the central continent. It occupies its northwestern part. It has its own geographical, political, historical features. Most often, Northern Europe means the Baltic countries and Scandinavia.
Countries
The most complete separation and introduction of the concept of "Northern Europe" was made by the United Nations.
According to their proposal, this part of the continent consists of eleven countries, which will be described later.
For reference: in general, Northern Europe abroad consists of forty states.
Characteristic
The population of Northern Europe is only four percent of the entire foreign part. Territory - twenty percent of the total area.
The population of Northern Europe is divided in the following proportion: fifty-two percent of the male population and forty-eight percent of the female. In general, approximately equally.
The numbers of Northern Europe vary greatly from country to country. However, one thing is for sure - in all of them there is a sharp demographic crisis. The increase in numbers is mainly due to migrants.
The numbers of population density are quite interesting. The number of Northern Europe in this aspect is 36.4 people per square kilometer. A pretty good indicator for a densely populated region.
So, we will consider the states of Northern Europe and their structure in more detail.
United Kingdom
Capital London. In addition to the main state, the islands of Guernsey, Jersey and Maine also enter the Northern Europe region.
The population is just over sixty-three million people. This is the third place in the European Union and the twenty-first in the world.
The state system is unitary, with a parliamentary monarchy. At the moment, the head of state is Queen Elizabeth II.
The country's total GDP is almost two and a half trillion dollars! That in terms of per capita - a little more than forty thousand USD.
At the moment, is still a member of the EU, however, most likely, the UK will leave him in the near future.
The head of government is the Prime Minister.
Denmark
Denmark is one of the most prominent representatives of the Northern Europe region. Type of government - Constitutional monarchy.
The head of state at the moment is the queen.
The largest cities are Copenhagen (capital), Aarhus and Odense.
In a relatively small, by world standards, territory, about six million people live.
The level of gross domestic product per capita is very high - almost forty thousand USD.
He is a member of the European Union.
Norway
Norway is the most vibrant country that characterizes the term “Northern Europe”. Type of government - Constitutional monarchy. To date, the head of the country is the King.
The largest cities are Oslo (capital), Bergen, Trondheim.
The population is just over five million people. The per capita gross domestic product is almost seventy thousand USD.
Such enormous numbers allow you to get a perfectly streamlined economy based on the sale of oil, gas and their derivatives. In addition, the export of timber, iron, copper, zinc, lead, nickel, aluminum, and magnesium makes a significant contribution to the country's budget. In addition to them, fertilizers, chemicals, paints are also sold.
Working at Norwegian oil rigs is the ultimate dream for all mining workers around the world. In order to gain access to them, you must be a specialist of the highest class.
Separate lines in the country's economy are shipbuilding and fish processing, which have been the calling cards of the state for many hundreds of years.
Ireland
Ireland is a state that is located somewhat west of the main cohort of countries. On an area of just over seventy thousand square kilometers, nearly five million people live.
The form of government is a parliamentary republic. The head of state is the President.
The gross product in terms of one person is almost sixty thousand USD.
Key sectors of the economy are pharmaceutical and medical equipment, mechanical engineering and the food industry.
The government is headed by the Prime Minister.
Member of the European Union.
Iceland
A country that is the pride of the Northern Europe region. Type of government - parliamentary republic. The head of state is the President. The population is a little over three hundred thousand people.
The country is one of the most difficult in terms of migration legislation. Obtaining citizenship to a person not born Icelanders is extremely difficult. Not surprisingly, more than 98% of the country's citizens are indigenous.
The Prime Minister leads the government.
Gross product per person exceeded thirty-six thousand USD.
The main sectors of the economy are fishing, tourism, information technology.
Finland
A country that through its hard work over the course of many decades has shown that it is a worthy member of the Northern Europe region. Type of government - parliamentary-presidential republic. At the head of state is the President.
The population is just over five and a half million people. The gross product in terms of one person is about thirty-five thousand USD.
The Finnish economy is based on agricultural products. Energetics and stainless steel production are gaining momentum.
Member of the European Union.
Sweden
A country with one of the strongest economies in all of Europe.
The form of government is parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy. The head of state is the King.
Gross product per person is about forty thousand US dollars.
The basis of the country's economy is made up of multinational companies whose names are heard around the world: Atlas, Copco, SAAB, Oriflame, Scania, Volvo, Ericsson, Tele2. In other words, in Sweden they make good cosmetics, good cars and great telecommunication systems.
Member of the European Union.
Latvia
The country of the post-socialist camp, which was able to rebuild its economy on a capitalist track and even become a member of the European Union.
At the head of state is the President.
Gross product per person is about fourteen thousand dollars.
The basis of the economy is industry. Latvia exports equipment, machinery, steel, lumber, as well as light industry products.
The head of government is the Prime Minister.
Lithuania
Along with Latvia, the country quickly survived the collapse of the USSR. Currently a member of the European Union.
The head of state is the President.
Gross product per person is about fourteen thousand dollars.
The basis of the economy is industry, agriculture and energy.
Lithuania is actively increasing its oil refining capacity, and also supplies liquefied gas to the markets of Europe and the CIS.
Estonia
Estonia has made a huge leap in development over the past twenty-five years since independence. First of all, success in the development of electronics and communications is striking. Estonia has become the first country in the world where almost the entire workflow has been digitized. The fight against corruption is very active. Not surprisingly, Estonia is a member of the EU.
The head of state is the President.
Gross product per person is almost twenty thousand US dollars.
The basis of the economy is industry. Estonia makes a profit from the sale of fuel and electric energy. Engineering, paper, woodworking and chemical industries are also actively developing. Estonia is a recognized leader in shipping in the region. The country is actively visited by tourists.
Russia
Some sources also include part of the Russian Federation in the Northern Europe region. Russia can be considered as such the Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Murmansk regions, Komi, Karelia and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug.
The main profits as a whole come from minerals and their processing, oil, gas, diamonds, building materials, mineral waters, shipping and tourism.