Almost every person in his life heard the word "bandit." What this term means is also known to all. Moreover, it has a clear, definite meaning. However, there are differences among this category of people. About who these gangsters are, about some of the representatives of this type of criminals will be written in the article.
Dictionary word
In order to learn more about who the bandit is, you need to turn to dictionaries that not only explain the meaning of the term in detail, but also reveal its origin. This word comes from the Italian bandito, which means "exiled, exiled."
In turn, banda comes from the Latin term bandum, as in the Middle Ages they called units of knightly and other cavalry, consisting of ten or more people. Quite often, such formations were illegal.
Landsknecht units were called gangs and, accordingly, bandits. They often engaged in robbery and looting. It was they who secured the term "bandits" in its negative meaning.
In the Criminal Code
Considering the meaning of the word "bandits", we turn to the history of the term in Russia. It appeared and became generally used since the period of the Polish uprising in 1863. Pole rebels called their units gangs or parties. After that, the first of the terms was fixed in Russia in a negative sense.
In the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, bandits are considered to be participants in the created criminal community (gang) who commit illegal acts with the use of weapons, violence and even murder. Banditry is a particularly serious crime and is punished very harshly, depending on the part of Article 209 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, criminals face 8 to 20 years in prison and a fine of up to 1 million rubles.
At present, there are significantly fewer such formations in Russia in comparison with the 90s of the 20th century.
U.S. gangs
Studying who such a gangster and banditry, it is necessary to mention well-known US criminals. At the beginning of the 20th century, a real rampant of crime began in America. This was especially evident after the adoption of the Prohibition in 1919, when the sale of alcohol with a strength above 2.75 ° was completely banned in the country.
This created an enormous demand for strong alcohol, which was brought by bandit formations from Canada and illegal distilleries. They made huge profits from the sale of alcohol, while competing among themselves for the market. Real gangster (gangster) wars began.
In the USA there are a large number of world-famous gangsters, for example, Al Capone, John Dillinger, Jesse James and others. Answering the question of who the bandit is, you can write more about D. Dillinger, who was also called Johnny Dee.
He is known for robbing banks, but he did not take money from those who were in the bank. That is, Johnny Dee thus opposed the system, repeatedly stating this. He is also known for having committed a daring escape, as well as an armed attack with his gang on a prison to free his friends. It should be mentioned that in the end the criminals managed to free their accomplices.
Dillinger and his accomplices carried out a series of successful robberies, while killing several police officers. It is an unusual fact that the people treated him with great sympathy, since he took money from the rich, that is, from the US economic system itself. In the end, he was shot dead by police and FBI agents who did not even offer unarmed Johnny Dee to surrender, but simply opened fire to kill.
In Russia
Continuing to study who the bandits are, we turn to the history of modern Russia. A big surge in crime was especially evident after the destruction of the USSR. A large number of various gang units and criminal authorities appeared, for example, Vasya Brilliant, Grandfather Hassan and Slava Yaponchik.
In Moscow and St. Petersburg, they and others like them “divided” areas of influence on a territorial basis. Mostly gangs were engaged in robberies, receiving "tribute" for protection (for the "roof") from numerous merchants.
In addition, they sold weapons and drugs. There were groups called by place of residence or appearance, for example, “Solntsevo,” “Orekhov,” “Czechs” (Chechens) and many others. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, they committed numerous killings, including taking the lives of members of competing groups.
Considering who these bandits are, we note that at present the “activity” of such groups has been suppressed, many of them are killed or are in prison for life or with long prison sentences.
Naturally, they exist at the present time, but they can no longer afford what happened in the "dashing nineties."