Poems and songs contain rhymed lines. To create a truly worthy work, poets sort out many words. It’s not enough just to pick it up, you need to beautifully arrange the words. If the whole poem is written in one rhyme without deep content, it may seem monotonous, tedious and uninteresting. Therefore, often use two pairs of rhymed strings.
Primitive versification is studied in the 5th grade. The rhyming methods that are considered at the same time find examples in classical Russian poetry. To give an overview of the main ways to rhyme strings, you should pay attention to such a concept as rhyme.
What it is?
Words have stressed and unstressed syllables. Ending the same way can rhyme with each other. To do this, they must have a consonant ending, for example:
- Hands are flour.
- The matter is the body.
- Joy is a dirty trick.
Not always rhyme consists of one word. There are also those that use two, even three monosyllables:
- Brick - nothing to do with it.
- Lair - not in the foot.
Different rhyming methods can be used in the literature, but rhyming words should be at the end of the line. It is customary to designate them with letters of the Latin alphabet. In this case, rhyming strings have the same letter. How many will be in the stanza, the author decides. Consider the simplest option, which is common in Russian folk ditties.
Adjacent rhyme - what is it?
In short, these are two lines standing side by side and having one rhyme. It is designated AA. Examples can be found in folk sayings:
If yes, if only
Yes, mushrooms grew in the mouth.
In Russian folklore, rhymed strings are often found using adjacent rhyme:
What are you, dear, not cheerful?
What hung the little head?
This method of rhyming was used by M. Yu. Lermontov in some poems.
Short chopped lines create an alarming mood. Proposals fit into two short lines and look like abstracts. Rhymes were chosen simple, but the impression of impending disaster only intensifies from this. Writing in this manner is not as easy as it sounds. If what the poet wants to say is a story or a ballad, the adjacent rhyme has an AABB scheme.
Cross
The most common was the cross-rhyme, in which the lines were arranged in the following order: ABAB. In his work A.S. Pushkin often resorted to this method of rhyming.
Two pairs of lines seem to intersect with each other. This creates a poetic mood, sets the music of speech. In songs, a four-line stanza with cross-rhyming is considered a classic. F. I. Tyutchev wrote the famous spring anthem in this way.
The apparent complexity of such a stanza construction actually gives more room for the expression of thoughts and feelings. Such verses are easy to learn, since each line of the story is strung on a slender frame of the ABAB form. And supplemented by the meaning of B, then rhymed A is asked, which again pulls B.
Roundabout
The way to rhyme strings, where the first and fourth and the second and third are paired - ABBA - is not used so often. This is an exquisite style of salon poetry, which bears a noble shade. It is used in sonnets, odes and other exalted works. A.S. Pushkin wrote a poem in support of the Decembrists, which later strengthened the faith of so many fighters, in this way.
In the first stanza, the poet uses a cross-rhyme, and it becomes like a motto. The rest are covered by rings of external and internal rhyme. The middle lines give the impression of some complement to the topic, and the final rhythm of the poem becomes clear only at the end of the quatrain.
Single
Beginner poets often use rhyme only in the second and fourth lines of the stanza: ABSB. This does not hurt the ear, but does not produce an academic impression. A.S. Pushkin did not allow himself concessions, carefully searching for suitable words. However, G. Heine often resorted to this method of rhyming.
S. Yesenin very subtly felt poetry and could, even using the non-rhymed first and third lines, create beautiful works. One example is the poem White Birch, which has become a song. The secret of the enchanting influence of Yesenin’s lyrics in beautiful words at the ends of non-rhyming lines: birch, snow, branches, brushes, snowflakes, lazily, branches. A simple listing already creates an unhurried winter mood.
Mixed
The Onegin stanza, which A.S. Pushkin used to write a novel in verse, contains all three rhyming methods. An example from a classic is not often taken, but nevertheless there are imitation sonnets, in the stanza of which the method of A. S. Pushkin is used. More often mixed rhyme is used in stable forms of versification: triads, tetrads, limerics. Ways to rhyme poems are quite diverse:
- Octave ABBVAGGV.
- Tertsina ABA BVV HBV.
- Trio ABAA ABAB.
A striking example of mixed rhyme is limerick, consisting of five lines. The first, second and fifth represent one group. The third and fourth line - the second: AABBA. This poem, consisting of one stanza, most often has humorous motives.
Conclusion
Many types of mixed rhyming are known. Poets have been developing them since ancient times. A stanza can have eight, ten, twelve or fourteen lines. Naturally, the variety of ways to rhyme poems creates a brighter canvas verse.
Versification experiments are still ongoing. The beginning of the twentieth century was struck by the abundance of forms. Let not all of them take root, but a creative person is always open for experiments. One thing remains unshakable: three classic forms of rhyme.