The article will present materials for the successful passing of the exam in the Russian language. The text addresses the theme of "the problem of friendship." Graduates need to not just write an essay about this. An important component in the presentation of the material are the arguments.
USE. Friendship problem
In many book sources, as in everyday life, relevant topics are found. Their topicality does not depend on the place, time period and what is happening. Friendship is one of the ever-pressing issues. What is she like? What is its need? At the exam in the Russian language, a graduate, when writing an essay on the subject under discussion, should bring arguments to the problem of friendship. He needs to most fully consecrate the topic, using examples from the works of writers and poets.
The problem of love and friendship. Arguments and information relevant to adolescence
The adolescent period is characterized by changes in the development and development of friendly and love feelings. The degree of age differentiation is the subjective experiences associated with these emotions, and how they add up. The discovery and knowledge of one’s spiritual world is one of the main achievements of early adolescence. The child is aware of reality in only one way. They are the outside world in which he can project his own dreams and fantasies. Most often, awareness and acceptance of one's “I” is accompanied by such phenomena as vague anxiety and a feeling of emptiness inside. It needs to be filled with something.
The same is the reason for the emergence of new communication needs and an increase in the intelligibility of a teenager. He feels a great need for silence, solitude, silence. All this is required to isolate yourself from the multitude of everyday vanities and hear your inner voice. In adolescence, a significant place is occupied by the processes of personal and intimate communication, as well as trusting and empathic. The structure of teenage relationships is built on the basis of trust and openness. This also determines the urgent need for love and friendship. She is one of the manifestations of growing up.
Features of the awakening of feelings
Most people want to experience love and live for it. Sometimes some even die. Many, if you ask them a question about why they agree with someone, can justify their answer. A phenomenon such as love includes elements of friendship. However, it implies a greater degree of intimacy of the relationship. Love is interpreted as a high emotional-positive attitude of a person to an object distinguished from the rest. The latter is at the center of his interests and needs.
Modern realities
The issue of true friendship is now widely discussed. Arguments mainly relate to increased social mobility. The rhythm of life has noticeably accelerated; accordingly, the circle of acquaintances has expanded significantly. For modern relations of young people are characterized by extensiveness and superficiality. Arguments on the problem of friendship and its modern manifestation can be very different. For example, in a broad sense, it is supplanted by a friendly level of relations that are based only on a circle of common interests. Nevertheless, friendship has always remained one of the highest moral values. The psychological aspects of youthful relationships as real elements or ideals are characterized by great stability. They take place in various cultural and social environments.
Characteristic differences
Friendship between different people is never the same. There are always gender, age and typological differences. Interpersonal relationships and age-related attachment in particular are characterized by intimacy and stability, as well as the level of selectivity. Arguments in the problem of friendship have psychological roots. This is due to increased needs for intimate communication. The transition from childhood to adolescence and further to the youthful period is accompanied by an increase in the depth of all these phenomena. Close attention is paid to typical and individual features, and the problem of true friendship is also being studied. The arguments in this case are weak. This is due to the depth and exclusivity of friendly feelings. One of the most important factors are temperament and character traits. It is much easier to reveal oneself to the rest for impulsive personalities. This leads to an easier occurrence of friendships, since such behavior is much more likely to cause a positive emotional response.
Exceptional Attachment Features
Man cannot exist alone and be isolated from everyone. These phenomena are simply unnatural. In order not to feel alone and lead a full life, any individual needs to feel the love of other people, their respect. He wants to be someone needed. No less important is the knowledge that in a difficult situation the help and support of comrades will not take long.
There are various arguments for the problem of friendship, honest and sincere. To acquire it, you should choose people who are close in terms of intelligence, spirit and other personal qualities. However, first of all, this person should be sincere in communication.
Vision of the classics
The problem of friendship is very clearly revealed in the works of great writers and poets. Arguments from the literature can be found the most diverse. Thus, relations with peers in the Lyceum had a huge impact on the life and work of the great Russian poet Alexander Pushkin. For example, such friends for him were I. Pushchin and V. Kuchelbecker. A.S. Pushkin wrote a whole series of masterpieces, which was dedicated to his dear comrades. In his famous novel "Eugene Onegin," the poet reflects on the essence of friendship. It is revealed in the relationship of Lensky and the protagonist of the work. Their example serves as a warning against frivolous and selfish actions that can not only break friendship, but also take someone's life.
Contemporary works
Many sources widely and in detail cover the problem of friendship. Arguments from the literature can be given, based not only on classical works. This topic is also revealed in the works of modern writers and poets. So, Yu. Nagibin in the story "My First Friend, My Priceless Friend" tells of his childhood friend. He had a strong influence on the formation of the character of the author. In his work, the writer presented interesting thoughts about imaginary and real friendship. The author seeks to convey to the reader the idea that it is not a formal manifestation of mutual sympathy. This feeling is much deeper than oaths and joint walks under the arm. Friendship is intimacy and common interests. She is something more valuable and expensive.
Nathan Aidelman, “Our Union is Beautiful” (ch. XII)
This episode can also be used as an argument for the friendship problem. In moments of sadness and sorrow, the hero writes a letter to his relative Grigory Glinka, a teacher and scientist who is the husband of his older sister. The message says that William was tired of studying, lyceum and the lack of classes that would appeal to him. In a response letter, a relative sympathized with him, recommended that he devote more time to science, and at the same time instruct him. Grigory Glinka believed that it was too early to start looking for friends, while he himself was not yet ripe for this feeling. In youth, it is extremely important to pay a lot of attention exclusively to study, since there will be no other time for this, except for the "golden age." The main thing is not to go astray and not to miss the future place in society.
You should not be constantly discouraged. Youthful time does not combine with sad facial expressions and bad mood. If you constantly look at the world around you from the pessimistic side, you can remain miserable for no apparent reason for the rest of your life. As a result, only the person himself can determine the boundaries of his own happiness, or vice versa. In general, Kuchelbecker agreed with the arguments of his relative. Wilhelm believed that in difficult times his friends would definitely come to his aid, and he would be grateful to them for that.
Reflections of I. A. Ilyin
In the work of the famous Russian writer, philosopher and publicist I. A. Ilyin, entitled "The Singing Heart", you can also find the necessary arguments. The problem of true friendship is disclosed in sufficient detail. She was and remains relevant regardless of time. As long as humanity exists, it will be wondering what this feeling is all the same.
I.A. Ilyin identifies several types of friendship. For example, those of its types that are associated with patronage, flattery or temptation. In the chapter "On Friendship" the problem of genuine friendship is fully disclosed. Arguments can be found in the position of the author himself. Ilyin believes that sincerity is one of the highest human qualities. He even holds the view that the current young generation is simply not able to show it. Many people think that they are on friendly terms with someone , but in reality they are mistaken. Sincerely able to do this, only small children. At the same time, there is practically no adult friendship. In this chapter, the author gives a detailed explanation of just such a point of view on this issue.
Some of the most revealing classic pieces
In such texts it is easier to pick up good arguments. The problem of friendship is familiar to many literary heroes. A vivid example is the novel Fathers and Sons. It presents the friendship of people with completely different characters. Also a storehouse of reflection on this subject is the work of Ivan Alexandrovich Goncharov, which will be discussed in detail below.
The novel "Oblomov"
There are relevant arguments in this work. The problem of friendship is sanctified here by the example of the behavior of the main characters. Can such relationships exist between completely different people? How long will they last? Goncharov reflects on these questions and tries to answer them. This topic is revealed by the author through the relationship of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov and Andrei Ivanovich Shtolts. Some critics define them as completely opposite characters. Nevertheless, there is an opinion that these two heroes complement each other. Oblomova acts as an open and naive nature. At the same time, the essence of Stoltz is determination and determination. However, he does not succeed in enticing a lazy friend with his vital interests. If not for him, then Oblomov would hardly have gone anywhere. In addition, it was Andrei Ivanovich who ordered Olga to keep an eye on Ilya Ilyich. The combination of all these actions is a manifestation of true friendship.
Story A. Laptev "It happened on May 28 ..."
In the story of this author, one can also draw various arguments. The problem of friendship of boys who, as a child, became practically brothers for each other, is revealed by the example of a real life case. For each of them, the degree of significance of these feelings was different. One believed that this was just children's fun. At the same time, the other perceived her as a true male friendship. With a heavy heart, the author tells of the treacherous act of one of the heroes. A friend threw a friend in a difficult moment for him. The writer is of the opinion that true friendship is not characteristic of all people.
A. Laptev believes that some personalities will be faithful to their comrades to the very end, while others easily go on betrayal and instantly forget about these promises.
The story "Gray-haired", Y. Korotkov
In this work one can also find the corresponding arguments. The problem of friendship and mutual assistance of strangers to each other is very brightly sanctified by the text. Two guys were serving in the army. They are not particularly friendly with each other. However, in extreme conditions, Alexander saved Oleg at the cost of his own life. The young man survived. But the rest of the time he was accompanied by the obligation to continue to live for two.
The story of N. Tatarintsev about 11th grade students
It tells about the sincere friendship of two boys. The whole class decided to run away from the lesson. One of them was forced to stay because his mother had just recovered from a serious illness, and he did not want to bother her again. His close friend immediately understands the reasons for such an act and decides to stay with him. This is a manifestation of the true friendship of people who are true to each other.