Connective tissue, consisting of plasma (its liquid part) and shaped elements suspended in it (leukocytes, erythrocytes and platelets) - blood (8% of the human body weight) - is the internal environment of the body that circulates through the blood vessel system, but not directly reported with other tissues due to histohematological barriers. It expires outside or inside the body as a result of damage to blood vessels and skin or during the natural menstrual cycle.
A healthy person can survive, without medical complications, blood loss up to 15% of the total. Above this value, the hazard is classified as moderate, severe, massive, fatal and absolutely fatal. The methods of stopping the blood depend on the species, as it can be obvious (external, internal) or latent outflow. The help may be temporary when the hemostatic tourniquet is applied , or permanent, when blood vessels are sutured for a final stop, tamponade, embolization or hemocoagulation are performed.
During hemocoagulation (coagulation or coagulation), which is part of hemostasis (stopping bleeding), a very complex biological process takes place, as a result of which fibrin protein strands form at the wound site. Those, in turn, form blood clots (clots) of a curdled consistency. They, being in the lumen of a blood vessel, plays the role of a cork blocking the hole. Hemostatic agents are used to accelerate coagulation. These include drugs that are obtained from the blood - these are purified concentrates of coagulating components.
For treatment (especially during operations), antifibrinolytic agents are used (for example, Trasilol, Contrical, Amben). When bleeding is also used antagonists of anticoagulants, for example, "Calcium gluconate" or "Calcium chloride".
For treatment, depending on the place and nature of the problem, various medicinal hemostatic (haemostatica) or hemostatic agents of resorptive (entering the blood) and local (applied to the wound tissue) action are used. For example, for this purpose, the drug “Hemostatic Sponge” is used, which is a porous dry mass obtained from the blood of cattle or donors. It contains thrombokinase, thrombin and some combination drugs that promote hemocoagulation. A sponge is placed on the wound and left until completely resorbed.
Specific hemostatic agents are sometimes used. For example, when bleeding from small (but not large!) Vessels, a solution of "Thrombin" (a natural ingredient in the blood coagulation system) is used, they are impregnated with a sterile gauze swab or the preparation "Hemostatic Sponge" and applied to the wound. When changing the dressing or after eliminating the problem, the gauze swab is removed, and the sponge is left, as it has the property of absorbing.
Some herbs also have hemostatic properties and can stop or reduce the flow of blood. That is, they act as hemostatic agents. The effect of hemostasis is possessed by those plants that contain natural substances - tannins. These are phenolic-type chemical compounds with astringent, antidiarrheal and hemostatic properties. Hemostatic herbs help increase coagulation and reduce the formation of fibrin protein. Hemostatic herbs accelerate platelet aggregation at the site of bleeding, prevent it from fragile capillaries, prevent the spread of infection, and relieve inflammation. These include ordinary yarrow, white peony root, nettle, ginger, geranium, blood pot, plantain and others. Herbs and medicines based on them can effectively cope with minor bleeding or reduce blood loss until its cause is eliminated.