When studying all that huge multitude of spelling rules of the Russian language, you can pay attention to the fact that when explaining some of them, the principle is used based on the 1, 2 and 3 declensions of nouns. However, in fact, without repetition, few people remember this material. This is not surprising, because the declension of nouns in grade 3 passes. But donβt worry. After carefully studying this article, you can easily navigate everything related to declensions, for example, in the endings of nouns of 3 declensions. However, and not only in them.
Basic 3 declensions of nouns
Declension - a change in nouns according to numbers (categories separated by a quantitative attribute; a number can be singular and plural) and cases (categories expressing the location of parts of speech in relation to each other or according to the syntactic role in a sentence). 3 declensions of nouns, which are known to most since elementary school, are related to the productive type of declensions. There are also nouns that are of the unproductive type of declensions. However, they will be described below, and now you can study Table 3 of the declension of nouns.
Declination | First decline | Second declension | Third declension |
Kind | masculine / feminine / general | masculine / neuter | feminine |
Endings in initial form | -and I | e / o | zero ending |
If you donβt know about general nouns, you can look at these examples: slut, crybaby, dormouse, loafer, bully, orphan, colleague, elder, rokhlya, zabuldyga, crippled, open, dirty, sneak, sweet tooth, quiet, untouched , coot, hard worker, fidget, upstart, cruel, clever, good fellows, warrior, ignorant, ignorant, glutton; and also (rude) dumbass, bastard, prude, etc. Surely you already understood that general nouns can refer to both men and women, which is why they got their name. In addition, the names of certain nationalities (Sami, Mansi, and others), breeds (bulanka), and representatives of groups (vis-a-vis) also belong to middle-class nouns. According to the same principle, foreign surnames and Russian surnames with the endings belonging to the same genus should be considered.
In addition to the main 3 declensions of nouns, called productive, there are unproductive declensions that will now be considered.
Adjective Nouns
These include nouns that were originally adjectives. This means that the initial form of such "former adjectives" coincides with the nominative case of nouns of the adjective type of declension (from the Latin adjectivus - the adjective).
Diffused nouns
This group includes nouns matching at least 2 basic types of declension. In addition, they include all nouns that end in -me.
Nouns of mixed declension
They are nouns with the meanings of Russian surnames or settlements. However, this applies only to names and names ending in -in (o) / - s (o).
Declined Nouns
These include nouns that are always used in their initial form. Such nouns always have only either singular or plural.
Examples
Examples of 3 declension nouns:
Declination | Examples |
First decline | man, woman, Sanya, share |
Second declension | diary, field, sky |
Third declension | mouse |
Examples of declension of productive singular nouns:
Declination | First | | Second | | Third | |
Nominative case | girl | cameo | man | field | news | horse |
Genitive | girls | cameo | of man | fields | news | horses |
Dative | girl | cameo | to man | the field | news | horses |
Accusative | a girl | cameo | of man | field | news | horse |
Instrumental case | a girl | cameo | man | by the field | the news | a horse |
Prepositional | about a girl | about cameo | about a human | about the field | about news | about horse |
Examples of declension of productive plural nouns:
Declination | First | | Second | | Third | |
Nominative case | girls | cameos | people | fields | news | horses |
Genitive | girls | cameo | of people | fields | news | horses |
Dative | girls | cameos | to people | fields | the news | horses |
Accusative | girls | cameos | of people | fields | news | horses |
Instrumental case | girls | cameos | people | margins | the news | horses / horses |
Prepositional | about girls | about cameos | about people | about the fields | about news | about horses |
Examples of nouns unproductive types of declensions:
- The adjective type of nouns: bathroom, teacher, worker, subject, hallway, children.
- Different nouns: path, child, banner, tribe.
- Nouns of mixed declension: Belov, Serov, Malinino, Ivanovo.
- Unbending nouns: coffee, cafe, coat, scissors.
If you read carefully, now you know all about the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd declension of nouns.