Amur is a great river flowing in the Far East. They compose songs about her, writers praise her. Cupid originates from the confluence of two small rivers under the names Shilka and Argun. But as it descends to the Sea of Okhotsk, which lasts 2,824 kilometers, it receives the waters of a thousand rivers. What are they, tributaries of the Amur? How many of them and where do they originate? Let's find out about the biggest, but first we pay attention to the great Cupid himself.
Amur River Basin
The Great Amur basin is located in East Asia. Within it are several physical and geographical zones. The most extensive are coniferous-deciduous forests and taiga. In addition, the river basin spreads over the steppe zone and even semi-deserts. Different and climatic conditions. So, for example, the average rainfall per year ranges from 250 mm in the southwest, at the source of the Amur River, and up to 750 mm at the Sikhote-Alin Range in the southeastern part. Such a big difference cannot but affect the seasonal behavior of the river. In spring, strong spills are observed. Floods are also frequent in the middle of summer. Most often they are observed in July-August. The source of the Amur is considered to be the eastern part of the island of Mad. It is here that the waters of the Shilka and Argun rivers merge. The Amur is 2824 kilometers long. Its mouth is the Amur estuary. This great and powerful river flows through the territory of three states: Russia, China and Mongolia. The Russian sector is the most extensive, it is customary to subdivide it into two parts - Siberian and Far Eastern. Throughout the river, thousands of tributaries flow into it. They are different in length and volume of water. Until now, no one has counted all the tributaries of the Amur. This list is constantly supplemented by new reservoirs or the old ones disappear from it. But still, the main tributaries are Zeya, Ussuri and Sungari, almost everything is known about them. But these are not the only rivers flowing into the great Cupid. Let's look at those that have been studied much less, because they are no less interesting.
Goryn River
Not all tributaries of the Amur are well studied. The Goryn River is a vivid example of this. Very little is known about her. It flows through the territory of the Primorsky region. The river originates from the eastern part of the Small Higan ridge. It is located on the border with the Amur region. First, the Goryn River flows to the northeast, then its channel turns to the southeast and flows into the Amur. Before the confluence, the river is divided into two branches. They connect with Amur, 533 km below the Ussuri River. In general, the length of the Goryn River is 480 km, the width is approximately 500 m. In its lower part, the river has steep steep banks. In this part, mountains converge above it. Numerous rapids break up the Uplands. There are many small islands. They are covered with dense coniferous-deciduous forest. The river flow is fast, shipping is absent. But every year dozens of tourists come here to make a very exciting and dangerous rafting on boats.
Amgun River
Amgun River is the left tributary of the Amur. Its source is two small rivers - Suluk and Ayakit, which flow from the Bureinsky ridge. Amgun flows into the Amur River in the lower part of its basin, 146 km above the mouth. This river has been explored quite well. Her food is rain. In the spring, it is saturated with meltwater. In the summer, frequent floods are noted on it. Due to heavy, prolonged downpours, it often leaves the coast. The length of the Amgun River is 723 km. It can not be called fast. In its middle and lower reaches, it is a flat river, despite the fact that its path lies through the system of the Lower Amur Mountains. Like many tributaries of the Amur, the Amgun River is used for rafting the forest. Shipping is possible 330 km from its mouth. The river basin has several hundred lakes. The largest of them is the Chukchagirskoe. In Amgun, such valuable fish species as sturgeon and pink salmon come to spawn.
Anyui - the right tributary of the Amur
The Anyui River (in ancient times Dondon) is the right tributary of the Amur. Its total length is 393 km. Its source is located on the slopes of the Tordoki-Yani and Sikhote-Alin ranges. It gathers from numerous streams into a single river. The mouth of Anyui is located between two cities - Khabarovsk and Komsomolsk-on-Amur. The basin area of this tributary is about 13 thousand square meters. km In its upper reaches, Anyui is a mountain river. In the lower is a calm flat river. The main part of its channel is located on a wide plain. The banks of the river are usually swampy and difficult to drive to. Near its mouth, Anyui disintegrates into numerous channels and branches.
Bira River
Not many large tributaries of the Amur flow through the territory of the Jewish Autonomous District. One of these is the Bira River. This is the left tributary of the Amur. Its total length, from source to mouth, is 261 km. The area of the river basin is about 9.6 thousand square meters. km Bira is formed as a result of the merger of two small rivers - Kuldur and Sutar. Its source is located on the Sutarsky and Small Khingan ranges. The Bira River flows along the lowland plain. On its shore is the city of Birobidzhan. The food of the river is mainly rain. Bira is characterized by sharp changes in water level. Floods are most often observed in the summer. Their cause is heavy prolonged downpours.
Gur River
The river Gur is certainly included in the list of tributaries of the Amur River. This is the right tributary of the Amur. It flows through the territory of the Khabarovsk Territory. The length of this river is 349 km. Its source is located on the western slopes of the Sikhote-Alin ridge. Numerous streams give it a start. Gur flows into the Hungarian channel of the Amur. The area of the river basin is 11.8 thousand square meters. km Until 1973, this river was called Hungari, but after it was renamed. It flows first in the west, and then in the south. On its banks are the villages of Gurskoye, Kenai, Snezhniy, Uktur. Numerous tourists come to the Gur River annually and make rafting in boats on its calm waters. These places are ideal for fishing.
The Zavitaya River - the left tributary of the Amur
In the wooded part of the Zeya-Bureya plain, another tributary of the Amur River originates - the Zavitaya river. Its length is 262 km. She got her name for a reason. The river bed runs along a wide plain, it is winding. Curled flow is slow and measured. The catchment area is slightly less than 2800 square meters. km The upper reaches of the Zavitaya river are swampy. Access to its shores is very difficult. The mouth of the Zavitoy River is located near the village of Poyarkovo. Here she flows into the Amur canal. In the interfluve of the Bureya and Zavitoy rivers, the city of Zavitinsk is located.
Tunguska River
The Tunguska River is the left tributary of the Amur. It flows on the territory of the Khabarovsk Territory, its basin partially covers the Jewish Autonomous Okrug. On the banks of the Tunguska there is only one village - Volochaevka-2. The river itself is only 86 km long. The area of its basin does not exceed 30.2 thousand square meters. km Tunguska is formed as a result of the confluence of the rivers Urmi and Kur. They have a fairly large extent. So, if we take the Urmi river as the source, then the length of the Tunguska will be 544 km, and if you count from the Kur river, then 434 km. Tunguska flows along the Lower Amur Lowland. Its bed is flat and has no bends. Like all tributaries of the Amur, Tunguska has a rain type of food. In spring, meltwater flows into its channel. Spill during this period is insignificant. The main major floods are observed in the summer, most often in August. They are called monsoons. There are more than two thousand lakes in the river basin. There are large ones among them. Shipping is possible throughout the Tunguska. Its banks are swampy, and it is impossible to drive up to the river in many places.