The sports ground, designed for outdoor sports, helps to maintain and enhance the health of the nation.
Nowadays, a sports ground is a place where children and adults are engaged in physical education and sports using a variety of equipment. They can be specialized and versatile. The playground equipment also depends on this.
Site Characteristics
When creating a project for a universal sports ground, the following parameters must be observed:
- operation in any weather;
- the opportunity to engage in several types of sports;
- playground equipment must remain stable against vandalism;
- coverage should be suitable for various sports;
- infrastructure should be provided in the form of benches, locker rooms and additional rooms.
On the universal platform, you can enjoy various outdoor sports all year round. In addition to the multipurpose gaming, there is also a gymnastics complex and exercise machines. They are needed for playing sports and strength training.
The construction of a universal sports ground includes the following stages:
- preparing an asphalt or concrete base;
- a mesh fence is being erected;
- artificial coating is laid;
- mounted lighting system and equipment for sports;
- visual places are established.
Equipment
The arrangement of sports grounds is regulated by R 55677-2013 GOST "Equipment for sports grounds".
Sports field equipment includes:
- racks for basketball and streetball;
- racks for volleyball and tennis with nets;
- judges' towers;
- goal.
Racks can be built into the edges of the fence of sports fields.
Mini-football goals are static and mobile. Basketball racks are often accompanied by a polycarbonate shield and an anti-vandal ring. The materials used in the equipment must be resistant to temperature fluctuations and precipitation.
There are no strict requirements for the ratio of the sizes of the zones of the site - they depend on the wishes of the customer. Gymnastic apparatus provides an opportunity to engage people of all ages. They allow you to use the muscles of all groups.
The following equipment is used:
- bars;
- guides;
- Swedish wall
- horizontal bar;
- benches.
Everything that is needed for the site is supplied in a configuration depending on the age of the children and the purpose of the equipment.
Fencing site
Each outdoor sports ground is equipped with a fence. This is done for security purposes. Protections gather, as a rule, from ready-made easily mounted sections.
Fencing is made of nylon mesh or Rabitsa mesh using profile pipes. High-quality fences with a long service life are obtained by welding steel rods with further polymer coating. Additional rigidity is given to the design of the rib V-shaped.
The height of the fence must be at least 3 meters. It should be:
- safe so as not to cause injury;
- durable so as not to break from blows to it;
- aesthetic, in order to be combined with the architectural ensemble of the site;
- financially justified so that the share of the price of the fence is not very large.
Coating
The site is paved when creating, and then one of the coatings is laid. Depending on whether a professional is used or amateur, its appearance depends. For yard and school sites, bulk liquid rubber crumb is often used. Such a coating can be made on the basis of polyurethane seamless and waterproof. Several coverage colors allow you to highlight gaming areas.
Coating material
The thickness of the material is 1.0-1.2 cm. Due to its water permeability, there are no puddles on it after rain. A non-slip surface prevents injury. To engage in sports on such a surface is comfortable and safe. Practice proves that such sports facilities are constantly in demand. In addition, in winter, it is possible to make a skating rink at such sites without the risk of damage to the coating.
Lighting
Carrying out sports training and competitions is determined by the quality of lighting. Lighting for sports facilities :
- should provide an overview of the entire site;
- should not blind;
- meets the requirements of sanitary standards.
Full coverage of sports grounds makes it possible to both compete and conduct the training process. Low quality lighting negatively affects the level of the game and is dangerous to the health of athletes.
Uniform lighting of the site requires at least six lighting masts. If the site is intended for professional sports, the number of lighting masts is recommended to be increased to 8.
The height of the lighting poles is within 6-12 meters. On the supports mounted 1-4 floodlights on metal halide lamps. The power of the spotlights is 150-400 watts.
Sports ground in kindergarten
When arranging the territory of the kindergarten, it is imperative that there is a playground for games equipped with swings and sandboxes. Other equipment for the kindergarten playground is also needed. In addition to the playing area, there should be a place for physical education at different times of the year. From sports equipment on the site, you can place wooden bars, horizontal bars, rings.
Project
The design of the sports ground should be developed for the necessary area allocated for these purposes. When designing the equipment for a sports ground, it is necessary to proceed from the fact that for one child there is 1 m 2 from the territory of the playground. A well-designed sports ground is suitable not only for physical education classes, but also in order to spend children's parties.
Who is involved in the equipment of sports fields? Making sports equipment and designing a playground is a job usually done by landscaping and gardening companies. But before contacting specialists, you must first decide on sports equipment for each of the age groups.
So, children of middle groups will need a gymnastic wall, wooden targets for throwing. The equipment of the sports ground in the preschool educational institution should be comprehensive. So, supports for performing jumps can be supplemented by a net for basketball and a rope for climbing.
Materials
It is best to make shells from wood, plastic and metal pipes. In addition, it is necessary to arrange treadmills, devices for equilibrium training. The jumping lane should end with a landing pit filled with coarse sand.
School sports ground
Equipment for school sports fields is needed so that children fully engage in physical education lessons. For all schools, land is allocated for the construction of a sports ground. The area of such sites depends on where the school is located and how many students are in it.
In megacities, plots take up little space; smaller settlements can sometimes afford stadium-sized sites. This determines what equipment is needed for school sports fields. Such sites may be complex or combined.
The integrated sports ground contains a football field 90 x 60 meters, one basketball and two volleyball courts.
In the combined area there is a circular running track, a track for jumping with a sand pit, a playground, a gymnastic town.
Street playgrounds
Conducting physical education classes all year round in the open air poses a number of specific problems for those who develop equipment for outdoor sports grounds. First of all, we need a sports ground equipped with a hard surface, which makes it possible to practice after rainfall and in the off-season. The site has a coating of wood, bitumen rubber or asphalt. It should rise 50-70 mm above the surface so that water does not linger on it.
Use of the site can be expanded by attaching a treadmill to it. Thus, the site is approaching the stadium. An asphalt site, according to numerous studies, does not harm the feet of children. Shoes with felt insoles and wool socks sufficiently absorb the foot during running and jumping, strengthening it.
Having a hard surface does not mean that you do not need a grass surface. Such a platform will be in demand in good summer weather. Coverage is marked with lines making sports easier.
At its edges is auxiliary equipment. This is a wall for gymnastics, basketball backboards, volleyball racks. The height of the gymnastic rack is chosen equal to 3 meters. Crossbars at heights of 1.5 and 3 meters are painted in a different color. So, for children of different ages, the dosage of the height to which you can climb is simplified. Wood gymnastics parts are coated with bitumen varnish to prevent damage.
Everything else is covered with varnish. It protects gym equipment from moisture, improving appearance.
Teaching children the basics of basketball requires basketball backboards. The simplest such shield is made of boards, covered with white paint. A ring with a grid is attached to the shield. The ring should be installed at a height of 2 m.
Racks for attaching volleyball nets are pipes that are concreted into the ground.
Near the edge of the site is a pit for jumping. Its length is 3 meters. The edges of the pit are lined with boards. Coarse sand is poured into a hole dug to a depth of 40-50 centimeters . Gymnastic apparatus is located near the sports ground.