Each part of speech in Russian performs its specific functions. The verb makes our speech move, the noun, on the contrary, gives static. But our language possesses unique beauty thanks to the adjective. With its help, any boring text comes to life, images begin to play with new colors. We will analyze the signs of the adjective and its other characteristics in more detail.
Entertaining name adjective
When a text is created, for example, an essay, I want to diversify it and add colorfulness. Description of vivid pictures of nature can not do without the use of adjectives. The main function of this part of speech is to add a characteristic attribute to any subject, be it external data or character traits. On its basis, epithets (bright adjectives) are constructed that give imagery to our speech.
With its help, we will be able to characterize any thing by size (large), weight (light), physical properties (sweet, hot), qualities (kind, ruddy, adult) and other signs, so this is irreplaceable.
Persistent symptoms
Studying morphology, students often perform one of the most difficult tasks - morphological analysis. To do this, you need to know the signs of the adjective, participle, verb and other parts of speech. Each part of the speech has its own set. Let us examine in more detail the constant features of the adjective.
True, it will be all about one thing - about discharge. Only he is constant for this part of speech. We will understand what a discharge is.
By their meaning, adjectives are usually divided into three groups. Each of them has special grammatical characteristics. Groups of such adjectives are called discharge.
This type, based on its name, shares adjectives denoting any quality. For example, beautiful (appearance), kind (character trait), green (color), round (shape). This group is the largest and is easily distinguished from others. Only high-quality adjectives can vary in degrees of comparison (small - less - least). Another distinguishing feature is that they can have a short form, which the other categories cannot (good - good).
Such a group of adjectives denotes a sign expressing various relations to the subject: to the place (swimming), to the time of year (winter), to materials (stone, cotton), to the number (double).
This category does not, in contrast to the qualitative ones, have a short form and is not compared in degrees.
They have an important difference: such adjectives are the only ones that answer the question “whose?”. This applies to both people (mother's, sister's) and animals (bear, wolf).
Intermittent Adjective Signs
But there are many more. For all categories, the following will be common:
- Rod As you know, there are three of them in Russian: male, middle and female. Each of the adjectives will have all three forms, for example, yellow - yellow - yellow (qualitative); wooden - wooden - wooden (relative); hare - hare - hare (possessive).
- Number. The only (clever) and plural (rich) are in all categories.
- Case Adjectives easily change in cases. A special type of declension is only possessive.
For high-quality adjectives, such attributes of the adjective as the degree of comparison, as well as the short form, are added.
Communion and adjective: how not to mix it up?
Many still have difficulty distinguishing these parts of speech. And all because they have one common question, “what?” and other similarities. What are the signs of the adjective in the participle, find out in detail.
Besides the question that unites them, they have a common type of declination. Since outwardly they are practically indistinguishable and have a common appearance (clever - adjective, thinking - participle), then they will change equally in cases, numbers and all three genera. That is, we conclude that the Communion took over all the inconstant signs of the adjective.
In addition, both parts of speech are distinguished by the presence of a short form: dark - dark (adjective), done - done (communion). Short forms, like full ones, vary not only by birth, but also by number.
If we consider not only the signs of the adjective and participle, but also their syntactic function, then we can say with confidence that their roles in sentences are very similar. In full form, both parts of speech will be definitions, and their short forms will fulfill the role of the predicate or be part of it.
Conclusion
Knowing what signs an adjective has, everyone can easily perform a morphological analysis of this part of speech. It will be very easy if you know a few simple rules described in our article.
Do not forget also that the adjective looks similar to a participle. In order not to confuse them, remember that the latter is formed from the verb. And the adjective most often takes its roots from nouns.