Hospitalization is the placement of a person in a hospital if he needs medical treatment or examination. Also, a similar event is held if a woman gives birth soon.
Emergency
There are several types of hospitalization.
- Emergency.
- Planned
Emergency hospitalization is the provision of emergency care in a hospital for health reasons. In order for the patient to be placed in a hospital, he is given a referral. It can be issued by an ambulance or your doctor. It is necessary that the hospitalization of the patient be done in a timely manner. Also, the correctly diagnosed diagnosis affects the healing process. If the patient receives a referral for hospitalization in the clinic, then he is given an outpatient card or an extract from it. When a person is hospitalized by ambulance, a patient is issued a cover sheet.
Information in the documents
In both cases, the accompanying medical documents must contain the following information:
- Data on recent patient studies.
- Recommendations of narrow specialists if the patient underwent an examination with them.
- The list of therapeutic measures that were provided to the patient.
- Information should also be provided on the duration of the person's incapacity for work.
- Information about why a person was sent to a medical facility.
Refusal of hospitalization
There are cases when patients refuse to go to hospital. In this case, the doctor must take an application for refusal of hospitalization from them. You should know that then the patient himself takes responsibility for the state of health.
Planned
Planned hospitalization is the placement of a person in a hospital according to indications. In this case, the preparatory phase is an important part. When the patient is given an accurate diagnosis, all measures aimed at his examination have been carried out, then in the hospital it will be possible to immediately proceed to the necessary procedures. The latter will bring the human body in order.
If the preparatory stage for hospitalization is not carried out in full and there is a likelihood that the diagnosis is incorrect, then the hospital will have to spend time on an additional examination of the patient and making an accurate diagnosis. And only then go on to treatment.
Features of hospitalization
You should be aware that there are diagnostic centers that operate in large medical institutions. They significantly help relieve inpatient treatment.
The emergency room is the starting point for hospitalization. Here, the doctor determines whether the diagnosis is correct, and makes the final decision on placement in the hospital. There are cases when a patient may be refused hospitalization for one reason or another. Also, the emergency department may need urgent care for the patient. When a person arrives, he is examined by the doctor on duty, without fail, he studies the accompanying documents and identifies the patient in the appropriate department. If a child arrives at the hospital, whose age has not reached one year, in serious condition, as well as if he is breast-feeding, then it is allowed to place the mother with him.
If the patient is denied hospitalization, the doctor makes an entry in a special journal, where he indicates the reason. Also, a person is given a different direction or any recommendations. In addition to the reason for the refusal of hospitalization, the journal records information about the assistance that was provided to the patient upon his arrival at the admission department.
Also in the journal are the passport data of the person who entered the reception department. You should know that if the patient is not able to inform them, for example, he is unconscious or cannot speak for some other reason, passport information is recorded from the words of relatives. If they are not there or for some reason they are not available, then the information is provided by the persons who accompany the patient. You should be aware that physicians must reconcile data on documents with the patient's identity. When it is impossible to obtain such data and a person does not have a passport, then a record of him is made in a separate journal and reported to the police.
The important point is that the infection is not brought into the hospital. Especially if children are hospitalized. If the patient was the carrier of a virus and entered the department, then this fact is reported to the SES. The clothes of the patient, medical staff and the entire department are disinfected.
If the child is delivered to the hospital unaccompanied by adults, then it is necessary to inform them about this.
Analyzes
It is necessary to pass tests for planned hospitalization. Moreover, their list may be different depending on the type of department. Let's look at the main studies that adult patients need to go through before hospitalization, followed by surgery:
- The blood test is general. It is valid for 10 days.
- A blood test to determine your blood sugar. Also valid for 10 days.
- Biochemical blood test. It is needed to determine bilirubin, protein and creatinine. This analysis is valid for 10 days from the date of delivery.
- A blood test to determine the Rh factor. Valid for 1 month from the date of delivery.
- The patient needs to pass urine. This analysis is valid for 10 days.
- You also need to donate blood for AIDS and the presence of hepatitis B and C. markers. These tests are valid for 3 months.
Also, the patient must undergo an electrocardiogram. If there are deviations in the decoding of the ECG, then a conclusion by a cardiologist about contraindications is necessary. Validity of the results is one month from the date of the examination. If a person has not done fluorography for more than a year, then you need to go through it. The conclusion of the ENT, therapist and dentist is still required.
The list of tests that need to be submitted before hospitalization with conservative treatment is slightly smaller. This list excludes biochemical analysis, blood for HIV and hepatitis. Also, you do not need the conclusions of the ENT and the dentist. If a child with an accompanying person is hospitalized, then the latter must undergo fluorography.
Forced
Forced hospitalization is the placement of a person in a hospital without his consent. This is done when there is a suspicion that the patient is mentally ill. The decision on hospitalization can be made by the attending physician according to the data available to him. Or the doctor can give a referral to hospitalization at the request of relatives. If the situation is critical, then the application can be submitted orally.
Conclusion
Now you know that hospitalization is the placement of a person in a hospital. We examined all the important aspects.