We cannot live without it. He surrounds us, giving us the opportunity to breathe. Air ... The fertile oxygen contains the beginning of the existence of any individual on the planet. Now we will try to understand in detail what air is. We also learn from the article what its gas composition is, what its moisture and temperature are.
A life
Life on our planet has existed for several billion years. And scientists have always been interested in the main factors that influenced its inception. It is generally accepted that one of the main reasons is the presence of the planet in the so-called habitable zone. We are talking about its optimal distance from the central star of the system, the period of revolution around the axis, gravity and, of course, the gas composition of the atmosphere. Or, in general, its availability. Simply put, the substance we breathe is meant. But what is air? And what is its humidity with temperature? We’ll talk about this.
Definition
Air is a natural mixture of gases. They form the atmosphere of the planet. If we talk about the earth, it mainly consists of oxygen and nitrogen - 98-99% in total. The remainder is carbon dioxide, neon, hydrogen and argon. Air is what all beings need for a normal existence and life in general. You can’t do without it. So now we know what air is. But why is it so important?
It's all about oxygen. In the process of breathing, it enters through the bloodstream into the cells of living organisms. Here the oxidation process takes place, which is necessary for obtaining vital energy. Its composition may vary depending on altitude or terrain features. For example, in cities, the carbon dioxide content is always greater than in forests. And in the mountains, the amount of oxygen will decrease as the height increases, because it is much heavier than nitrogen. Now we know what air is and what its gas composition depends on. Oxygen is also needed to burn fuel in the home or industry. And using the method of liquefaction, inert gases are obtained from it . So, what is air, it is now extremely clear.
What is air humidity?
Relative humidity is the ratio of the partial pressure of water vapor in a mixture of atmospheric gases to the pressure of saturated vapor at a certain temperature. In formulas, this indicator is indicated by the Greek letter φ. If we consider the absolute humidity, then this is the amount of moisture that is contained in one cubic meter of air. But it is known that at a certain atmospheric temperature it can contain only the most defined amount of liquid. That is, with increasing temperature - this value increases, and with a decrease - decreases. Therefore, scientists have introduced the concept of relative humidity. Hygrometers and psychrometers are used to determine indicators.
What is environmental humidity from an environmental point of view? This is a very important element of it. If its value is too low, then people have increased fatigue, worsening of the thought process, perception and memory. It is also dangerous because the surface of the mucous membranes dries up, microcracks are formed on it, into which viruses and bacteria get. To control this indicator, special sensors and humidifiers are often used. But for some excessively “wet” regions, air conditioners are made. On the contrary, they can reduce air humidity.
What is air temperature?
Air temperature is one of its properties, which is expressed in a quantitative form. The indicator is constantly changing. In different places of our planet, the temperature is also different. If we consider a height that is close to the earth's surface, then it varies in a very wide range. For example, in Saudi Arabia in 1922 it was recorded +58 ºC. At the same time, in one of the Antarctic stations in 2004, the thermometer showed a record -91 ºC. Depending on the height, the air temperature also changes. And often this happens randomly.
In most countries of the world, air temperature is measured in degrees. this is done using the Celsius scale. Zero means the temperature at which ice melting begins, and +100 or more - boiling water. But still there are countries that use the scale developed by Fahrenheit. For example, the USA. There is an interval in it, the lower value of which indicates the melting of ice, and the maximum - boiling water, is divided into 180 degrees. So, now we know how important air is, what it is, and why low humidity is dangerous to health.