Today, the latest technologies are constantly being created in the world, cities, factories, and houses are being built. To do this, use the materials that nature gives. Many animals and plants in the struggle for life lose to man. The consequence of this is the disappearance of some of their varieties. If you do not create protection for them, they can disappear altogether, like some extinct species of plants and animals.
Extinct plants
Extinct plant species are divided into two groups:
- those that disappeared during the revolution;
- those whose disappearance is influenced by man.
Because of people, many plants have disappeared, various sources of scientific research talk about this . Nature is gradually becoming poorer, as industrial waste is emitted into the atmosphere. Many slopes of the mountains deprived of lush forests mankind.
There are rare and endangered plant species that still continue to fight for life. Bright examples are:
- yellow water lily;
- dolomite bell;
- spherical cladophore;
- Lily Saranka and others.
Human activities have affected nature not in the best way. At the moment, you can list such extinct plant species:
- wormwood barguzinsky;
- whose brilliant;
- Norwegian Astragalus;
- plantain Krasheninnikov;
- cinquefoil Volga;
- goodyear creeping;
- common heather and other plants.
Statistics
Extinct plant species are counted every year. Statistics show that every year 1% of tropical rainforests disappears, about 70 species of animals and plants die out. 10% of biodiversity in shallow water, namely coral reefs, has disappeared. It is believed that in the next ten years another 30% will disappear. Such changes are taking place due to the fact that the climate has changed a lot, the waters are polluted, and large numbers of reef fish are caught.
Plant protection
Endangered plant species in Russia are under strict protection. These include:
- Amur velvet;
- boxwood;
- yew ordinary;
- Pitsunda pine;
- lotus and other types of shrubs, trees, herbs that are in the Red Book.
If you do not create proper protection of these plants, then in the future it will lead to complete destabilization. Indeed, in the ecosystem there is a food chain.
It was noted that as a result of the disappearance of a species, the number of other inhabitants of nature also changes. Each plant carries a specific DNA molecule. If it disappears, the genetic material will also disappear irreversibly. For example, only annual wormwood can cure malaria, as it contains artemisinin in a composition that was not observed in any other plant.
Reasons for concern
Endangered species of animals and plants should be known to every person. There are certain reasons for this:
- Biological entities disappear, which reduces the wealth of nature.
- Destabilization of ecosystems. In nature, everything is interconnected, so the extinction of one species destroys the whole chain.
- Other species are at risk of extinction. After the disappearance of a certain species, other plants and animals can reduce their numbers. From this, the ecosystem changes.
- Unique genetic material is lost.
List of some endangered species
Such endangered Red Book plants that need protection are distinguished:
- Lily is curly. This is an elegant plant that can please itself for several years in a row. Flowers appear in the summer. They are pink with purple stamens. The leaves are very original, painted in specks.
- High strodia . The plant belongs to the orchid species. It is in danger, as it can soon replenish the list of "Extinct plant species." Photos can be viewed in different sources, each of them depicts a tall grassy perennial up to 1 meter long. The plant has no leaves, but pleases with flowers collected in a brush. In autumn, it gives fruit with seeds.
- Japanese beard. The plant is able to grow 20-40 cm in height.
- Lunar is alive.
- Thyroid nymphal flower. Belongs to the rotational family. The plant has oval leaves, floats in a swamp.
- Dwarf euonymus. It is a beautiful bush that constantly pleases with its green leaves.
- Vasilek Talieva. It has amazing cirrus-dissected leaves that adorn baskets of cream-colored inflorescences.
- Ginseng. It is considered a real miracle of nature.
- May lily of the valley. The flower, which many have loved, is on the verge of extinction.
- Astrantia is big. The plant lives for several years. It is very high, grows up to 70 cm.
- Thin leaf peony. Belongs to the Peony family, pleases the eye with its shades of raspberry color.
- Helmeted orchis.
- White water lily. It is a very beautiful plant.
Red Book
All endangered species of Red Book plants were arranged into sections and categories depending on their status and degree of protection. Five of them are distinguished:
- The first category included species that are subject to extinction. If people do not apply protective measures, then it will be impossible to save them. These include: large horsetail, royal fern, white fir, high primrose, wolf pine, venus slipper.
- The second category. Plants that are high in numbers are recorded here, but it is rapidly decreasing. A number of plants may disappear from this. These include: common ram, bear onions, lake midfielder, European leotard, white water lily.
- The third category included those plant species that grow in limited territories. They have a small amount. They are not yet threatened with extinction. This list includes: aquatic fern, yellow rhododendron, small egg capsule, Siberian iris, forest anemone, common ivy, water chestnut, dwarf birch.
- The fourth category. Plants that are poorly studied, but their numbers are small, are described here. These are: curly lily, marsh violet, common hogweed.
- The fifth category includes species that have undergone population restoration. This was facilitated by special security measures. But among plants such species are few.
Some species requiring special attention
There are some rare plants that require attention and human protection. One of these is Arizona agave, the number of plants is rapidly declining. Some species grow in the Arizona National Forest.
It should be noted that the Enrubio bush is close to extinction. This is due to the fact that many animals eat it. But the number of these plants is not as deplorable as the western steppe orchid. She is on the verge of extinction. Now it is growing only in 5 US states, mainly in wetland conditions. Due to global warming, grazing animals, the plant gradually disappears from the face of the earth.
conclusions
Endangered species of animals and plants are replenished every year with new ones. If a person does not take measures, this will lead to destabilization in the ecosystem. As a result of the extinction of some species, others will die, since in nature there is a chain of life, everything is interconnected.
In the future, extinction of species can lead to a great catastrophe throughout the world. Therefore, it is required to create proper protection for all plants and animals, but pay special attention to rare species. After all, their existence depends on humanity. Everyone should think about it and protect nature!