Artificial respiration is a mechanical ventilation procedure that replaces the patient’s own breathing. It is used in accidents (drowning, poisoning with sleeping pills, drugs and other means), craniocerebral injuries, stroke, as well as in the event of a foreign body entering the respiratory tract. Artificial respiration is widely used in resuscitation and anesthesiology, with the intentional shutdown of the respiratory and skeletal muscles of the patient. The procedure over a long period (from several days to several years) can be used for damage to the roots and the spinal cord itself (with polio, myelitis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis).
In the case of respiratory arrest on the beach, on the street, at home and in other public places, artificial respiration from mouth to nose or mouth is most effective. During the first minute, the person performing the procedure should breathe more often and deeper.
How to do artificial respiration?
The lower jaw of the patient is taken with the left hand, with the right hand you should take the parietal part of the head or pinch the victim’s nose. The patient's head should be thrown back as much as possible. Thus, the best position is created, freeing the airways from the flowing tongue. The procedure is carried out by deep breathing in and exhaling into the victim’s nose or mouth. Then the manipulations are repeated.
When producing artificial respiration, control should be exercised over proper ventilation. During the blowing of the injured air into the chest, it rises and falls off during exhalation. In the absence of cardiac arrest after four to six blowings, intense pinking of the patient's face is observed.
The force of exhalation into the lungs of the victim is comparable to the force of inflation of a rubber chamber for the ball. Carrying out the procedure, the main task is to keep the victim's head in the correct position and create tightness. To avoid touching the patient’s nose or mouth, you can use a handkerchief or gauze.
For greater convenience, use a nasopharyngeal cannula (or a rubber tube). It is inserted into the victim’s nostril to a depth of about six or eight centimeters. For insufflation, the second nostril and mouth are clamped.
Artificial ventilation can also be done through the mask of the anesthesia machine. It is quite tightly attached to the face of the victim. If you attach a hose to it, then the procedure can be performed without leaning towards the patient.
The intensity of artificial ventilation remains until the signs of cyanosis are eliminated and sufficient sufferers' own breathing appears. In case of cardiac arrest, the procedure is continued in combination with external cardiac massage. If an obstacle to the penetration of air is detected during the first injection, the mouth opens quickly, a digital audit of the pharynx and oral cavity is performed, and the foreign body is removed.
How to do artificial respiration in other ways?
It should be noted that the methods based on stretching or squeezing the patient’s chest with hands are often characterized by the creation of insufficient volume, and therefore require significant physical effort.
One way is the following.
The patient lying on his back, make a sharp raise of outstretched arms above his head. This causes an inhalation due to stretching of the chest. After that, the hands are sharply lowered onto the chest, squeezing it. So there is an exhalation.
This method is one of the best manual ways to implement artificial ventilation. However, the method from mouth to mouth or nose is at least twice as effective.