Most people come across equipment such as a refrigerator every day. But this technique is designed for the home. What devices are in production? After all, products are sold in large volumes.
What is it
Industrial refrigerators are entire structures that represent a refrigerating chamber for cooling or freezing food. They may vary in size and temperature range. Usually it ranges from +4 to -40 degrees Celsius. Also, the capacity of the camera may be different, usually this figure is calculated in tons:
- small refrigerators have a capacity of less than 500 tons;
- medium - not more than 5000 tons;
- Large can accommodate more than 5000 tons of products.
Usually large refrigerators have several floors. It depends on their purpose and free space.
It’s easier to load and store products in low-rise chambers.
Humidity and temperature of the refrigerator depend on the process. Often they use a brine system for cooling. With it, a brine of calcium chloride or sodium chloride circulates through the coils of the refrigeration unit. Along with such a system, there is an air system. The principle of its operation is similar to the operation of a fan; it creates an enhanced circulation of air flows.
Also, the active substance of industrial refrigerators can have a variety of, from helium and ammonia to freon and carbon dioxide. All of these substances are capable of absorbing a significant amount of heat.
The quality of refrigeration equipment largely depends on its thermal insulation.
It must be produced in a quality manner. The coefficient of thermal conductivity should be in the range of 0.029 - 0.116W / (m • K). Insulation can be made of various materials (slag, foam, aluminum foil and others), the main thing is that it performs its immediate function.
The tightness of the door is one of the conditions for the good functioning of the refrigerator.
There are industrial refrigerators that provide a certain temperature to a separate production process. They are mainly used in the wine industry, when wine should ripen under special conditions. Such refrigerators can be of gigantic sizes, usually they are concrete, in which the optimum temperature and humidity are maintained.
Types of equipment
Refrigerators that consume large amounts of electricity are not cost effective.
It is a compressor equipment and working without
refrigerant, Peltier
refrigerators .
Industrial refrigerators can be made not only with the installation of a refrigerant, but also with other sources of heat; diesel fuel, gasoline or gas can produce it. There are varieties of dual-powered refrigerators, as well as modern options that work on alternative energy sources - solar or due to the mass of heat.
terms of Use
Safety and proper operation will allow the equipment to serve for a long time. If there is a violation of the rules, then it may be necessary to repair industrial refrigerators. This is a very costly procedure, in order to avoid it it is better to follow the rules:
- Do not store non-food and hazardous substances to human health together with products. This condition is protected by law.
- Any object in the refrigerator should be marked.
- All chemicals must be hermetically sealed.
Sandwich panels as a material for an industrial refrigerator
This is a material containing a layer of thermal insulation, which allows you to perform structures while maintaining optimal humidity and temperature conditions. Refrigerators from these panels can be of two types: stationary or collapsible.
The second option is more often used, since it allows the installation of such equipment anywhere, and if necessary, it is possible to dismantle it and transport it to another.
Stationary cameras require specialists to approach their design. Her project must comply with all production standards, take into account the occupied space and cost costs.
The correct installation of industrial refrigerators from sandwich panels can only be done by specialists in this field. They can make the necessary calculations for choosing the thickness of the panel. It will depend on what temperature is needed in the chamber itself, what will be outside, on the volume of the chamber and the product itself, which will be stored in it.
Types of installations
Refrigeration units for industrial refrigerators are distinguished into two main types:
- absorption;
- compressor.
Installations of an absorption type heat a special substance - absorbent - and refrigerant vapor is condensed from it. This kind, in turn, is divided into:
- continuous operation - such installations can be diffusion or pumping;
- periodic action.
Absorption units are large and consume a large amount of water. But they have an advantage over the compressor in the simplicity of the device, noiselessness, reliability of components and the use of cheap types of energy.
The compressor type installation is also a machine that creates steam condensate.
It uses substances that effectively absorb heat, such as ammonia or freon. Such installations are divided into:
- tight;
- semi-tight;
- open.
The cost of the refrigerator
The price category of industrial equipment will depend on what type of refrigerator the enterprise needs.
A medium-sized cold store of 1960x2860x2200 mm will cost about 80 thousand rubles. Such equipment can be ordered from the manufacturer LLC ASK-Kholod.
It is possible to purchase industrial refrigerators, the price of which will be lower, but the volume of the chamber will change. That is, the cost depends on the size. For example, a refrigerator 3160x5260x2200 mm of the same manufacturer will cost about 130 thousand rubles.
Compressor for refrigerator
In order for the refrigerant vapor to be compressed and circulated, a special compressor is used for the industrial refrigerator. Such a device is divided into the following types:
- rotational;
- piston;
- centrifugal.
When acquiring such a device for a refrigerator, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the principle of its action and with what substance it works. There are two types of compressors by type of refrigerant:
- working on freon;
- on ammonia.
For the ammonia compressor, additional equipment is required , since high temperature occurs in it.
But the element with freon can work with air flow.
Cost
Its price category depends on which refrigerator compartment it will be installed in.
Namely, what volume will need to be cooled. Huge refrigerators require more than one element. The compressor and condenser assembly ACC TFH4524 ZHR (medium temperature) will cost 90 thousand rubles. There are more expensive items. The two-compressor unit AMK-H-2-4CC-6.2 can be bought for about 760 thousand rubles.
So, we found out what are refrigeration units for industrial refrigerators and how much they cost.