During pregnancy, a woman begins the global restructuring of the woman’s body, which can take place with complications. To minimize such risks, doctors prescribe numerous tests, many of which are understandable to women. But there are those that some of them hear for the first time at a reception at the gynecologist. One of them is the analysis at RFMK. If RFMC is increased during pregnancy, which means this, we will analyze in the article.
What is RFMK?
Changes in the body during gestation affect all organs and systems. This did not pass by the circulatory system, in which during pregnancy an additional circle is formed - the uteroplacental. In this regard, the amount of blood increases, which affects its coagulability. In order to avoid pathological conditions, and the mother and the fetus are not exposed to dangerous consequences, the body systems increase the volume of RFMC (soluble fibrin-monomeric complex), which normalizes blood coagulation, which helps to avoid the threat of miscarriage and large blood loss during childbirth. RFMC is an indicator of the level of fibrin breakdown in the blood, which is responsible for the formation of blood clots inside the vessels.
Many people wonder if RFMC is increased during pregnancy, what threatens this condition? In fact, an increase in this condition may be the norm. But despite this, the level should not exceed certain boundaries. A strong deviation from the norm can lead to excessive blood density and, as a result, blood clots and the risk of miscarriage.
Norms of analysis in pregnant women
A blood test for RFMC is carried out in the usual way - from an empty stomach. The results in each trimester differ from each other - the longer the term, the more RFMC is increased during pregnancy. The procedure should be carried out by a qualified specialist, since for an accurate result it is necessary to take the material before the time when the blood begins to coagulate.
- First trimester. The norm of RFMC will range from 3.35 mg / 100 ml to 5.5 mg / 100 ml. Since the placenta has not yet fully formed, the indicators are almost unchanged.
- Second trimester. In this period, the placenta begins to perform all its functions, uterine-placental blood flow is formed. There are changes in blood coagulability, therefore, RFMC increases. Values can reach up to 6.5 mg / 100 ml of blood.
- In the third trimester, especially before childbirth, indicators can reach 7.5 mg / 100 ml.
It is worth noting that the norms of values in laboratories may vary. Therefore, if the analysis revealed that the indicator of RFMC during pregnancy is increased, it is recommended to consult with your doctor, who will help to understand the conclusion.
Reasons for deviations from the norm
Deviations from normal values can provoke several reasons at once. The main conditions include the following:
- pregnancy;
- thrombophilia;
- taking medications that can increase blood density;
- heredity;
- thrombosis;
- certain diseases (e.g., kidney pathology, varicose veins);
- stress.
The consequences of deviations of the results from the norm
As a rule, in most cases there is an increase in RFMC than its decrease. But both of these conditions can be very dangerous during the period of bearing a child.
With an increase in the level of RFMC during pregnancy, a violation of the placental-uterine circulation is possible, because of which it can develop:
- fetal hypoxia;
- deviations in the intrauterine development of the child;
- the occurrence of violations of the functionality of the placenta;
- increased risk of miscarriage or premature birth;
- the formation of a thrombus in the umbilical cord, which threatens the death of the fetus.
If the mother had RFMC elevated during pregnancy, the baby may be born weak, with heart defects, with deviations of the central nervous system and other life-threatening diseases.
At lower values, there is a risk of placental abruption, as a result of which the child may die. There is also the possibility of severe bleeding.
Diagnostics
The level of RFMC is diagnosed by analysis of venous blood taken on an empty stomach. The direction for a blood test to a pregnant woman is given by a gynecologist in a planned manner. If abnormalities are found, a repeated analysis is performed. If this time there is a mismatch with normal values, a hematologist consultation may be required. He will prescribe additional tests and draw up a treatment plan.
Analysis Preparation
Since a large number of external factors can affect the results of the analysis, to obtain an accurate result, a woman needs to fulfill a number of requirements:
- Two days before the analysis, you must give up alcohol and smoking.
- Try to avoid any stressful and psycho-emotional stress.
- Approximately 8 hours before blood sampling, do not take food or water.
- Do not take medication. If for some reason this condition is not feasible, it is necessary to clarify the name of the drug to the specialist who will take the blood.
RFMK when planning pregnancy
When planning a pregnancy, a woman passes a large number of tests. Some doctors disregard the level of RFMC, despite the fact that it plays a large role in the period of gestation and is important for its normal development. If RFMC is elevated during pregnancy planning, what does it mean? An increase in this indicator can provoke miscarriages in the early stages, and sometimes infertility. If it is found that RFMC is elevated during pregnancy planning, it is necessary to undergo treatment in order to normalize its level until conception.
Treatment of a pathological condition
When identifying the fact that RFMC is increased during pregnancy, treatment will be prescribed on an individual basis, taking into account the characteristics of the woman’s body and the indicators of all the prescribed tests. Deviation during pregnancy is a pathological condition. For this reason, during treatment and after it, a woman needs to systematically check the level of RFMC.
If the increase is insignificant and does not adversely affect the fetus, it is recommended to limit physical activity and avoid stressful situations.
If RFMC is elevated during pregnancy, what should I do? When diagnosing this condition, an additional examination is necessary. This will clarify the causes of this pathology, the elimination of which will help to achieve significant results in treatment. Sometimes a hematologist consultation may be required.
The main treatment method with elevated values of RFMC is to take drugs that help improve blood microcirculation in the uteroplacental system. This helps prevent the threat of miscarriage or oxygen starvation of the fetus. Indeed, in case of violations in the hemostatic system, the child may not receive the nutrients necessary for him, and hypoxia negatively affects his development and in some cases can lead to death.
In drug therapy, the following drugs are mainly used:
- "Heparin." A very effective medicine if during pregnancy RFMC is elevated. The dosage should be prescribed by the attending physician. With prolonged use of the drug, constant monitoring of blood coagulation is needed. When the indicators stabilize, the drug is canceled. Of the side effects, a violation of the distribution of calcium can be distinguished. This must be considered when appointing.
- Chimes. The most popular drug to drink in courses. It normalizes blood coagulation very well. Available in tablet form. But individual intolerance may occur. This medicine is also an immunomodulator.
- "Actovegin". The most powerful effect is observed from the use of the drug in the form of injections. The course usually lasts about two weeks. After that, the doctor may advise you to continue taking the medicine, but in the form of tablets.
- Phlebody. It is recommended to alternate with Curantil. The use of these two drugs simultaneously is prohibited.
- Folic acid. It can be used throughout pregnancy. It can also be a therapeutic and prophylactic agent at the stage of conception planning.
If RFMC is elevated during pregnancy, the reviews after the above treatment are positive. In addition to medicines, a woman needs to drink at least 1.5 liters of water per day. It is not recommended to eat fatty, salty, spicy foods, as well as bananas and white bread.
Treatment can be carried out in a hospital setting. Sometimes taking medications is required throughout the entire period of bearing the baby.
It is important to remember that the use of any of the above medicines is possible only after consulting a doctor and obtaining the results of all tests. Self-medication or ignoring the appointments of the attending doctor can lead to irreparable consequences.
Features of treatment at lower values
A decrease in RFMC is extremely rare. It happens that such values appear after taking medications used to normalize high rates. After some time, the result returns to normal. But despite this, the analysis will need to be retaken.
Too low values can indicate the presence of serious pathologies. It is necessary to find and cure the cause of this condition.
Risk group
More careful monitoring of the level of RFMC should be exposed to women who have the following diseases:
- purulent inflammation;
- autoimmune diseases;
- diabetes;
- varicose veins;
- cardiovascular disease;
- neoplasms;
- history of miscarriages or premature births;
- placental dysfunction.
Special control is required in cases of multiple pregnancy, in IVF, and in women who have relatives with thrombophilia or other bleeding disorders.
Prevention
Preventive measures for hemostatic disorders must be applied at the stage of pregnancy planning. You need to be careful about your health, following all the recommendations of your doctor. Proper nutrition, walking in the fresh air is very important. You need to try to protect yourself from stressful situations and treat diseases in a timely manner, especially those that can provoke violations. It is necessary to establish a drinking regimen by drinking 1.5-2 liters of water per day. If you are prone to thrombosis, you need to include foods in your diet that can help thin the blood. These include:
- garlic;
- bow;
- Tomatoes
- vegetable oils - linseed, olive, sunflower;
- beet;
- ginger.
The danger of bleeding disorders
Violation of hemostasis can lead to the development of bleeding and thrombophilia, which is a very dangerous disease. This can become a threat to the life of both mother and baby.
Significant deviations in the performance of RFMC can cause:
- placental abruption;
- fetal freezing;
- premature birth;
- fetal hypoxia;
- blood clots that can be fatal.
Conclusion
Knowing the level of RFMC in the blood, we can draw conclusions about the health of the fetus and the course of pregnancy. This is a very important indicator that needs to be controlled. Timely detection of deviations will allow you to start appropriate treatment as soon as possible, which will reduce the risk of dangerous consequences.
If the results of your tests showed abnormalities, do not immediately panic. Indeed, slight fluctuations in the parameters can be a consequence of, for example, emotional stress. It is necessary to get a doctor's consultation and be sure to retake the analysis again.
Following preventive measures at the planning stage, and then all 9 months of pregnancy, as well as fulfilling all the appointments of a specialist, it will be possible to keep the level of RFMC within normal limits. Having found out what the increase in RFMC during pregnancy means, you can protect yourself and your baby from dangerous consequences.