In case of injury, fracture, open wound, the correct application of a bandage is very important and is no less significant than a well-conducted operation. It is no coincidence that in medicine there is a whole science about the correct application of dressings, which is called "desmurgia" Dressings are classified according to their purpose, type of material used for dressing, and methods of fixation. Depending on the types of injuries, various materials are used when applying bandages: gauze, cotton wool, rubberized fabric, harsh cotton cloth, gypsum and special tires.
To fix the dressing on the wound, a reinforcing protective bandage of gauze, tubular, elastic, rubberized, mesh bandage or patch is applied. A gauze bandage can also be pressing when it is necessary to create a certain and constant pressure on a part of the body during bleeding and hemorrhage.
There are compress gauze dressings that are used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. They warm and delay the evaporation of the drug, prolonging the duration of its therapeutic effect.
To keep the affected part of the body in a fixed predetermined position, immobilizing dressings using tires, gypsum are used. These types of dressings are necessary for fractures, dislocations, during transportation of the patient.
Different types of dressings have special blending algorithms. However, there are general requirements that must be observed when providing assistance to the victim. The bandage should not cause excessive pain, it should not be too tight so as not to disturb the blood circulation (except for special traction), and should not be too weak so as not to slip from the wound. Bandage the wound from the narrowest point and end where it started. The bandage should be held in the right hand, and left to hold and smooth it. Each new round of material is overlapped with the previous one, approximately, in its half. The ends of the bandage are not tied, but twisted. After ligation, the affected limb is fixed in an elevated position.
For injuries and fractures during trips and travels, as well as in everyday life, kerchief bandages are often used to fix or dress the wound. These types of dressings are made from a piece of cotton cloth, which is folded with a scarf or narrow stripe. They are convenient for damage or fracture of the shoulder, collarbone, elbow joint for their immobilization.
Gypsum dressings are very widely used for bone fractures, as well as for stationary fixation of body parts in diseases of the musculoskeletal system, after operations. They are made with plaster bandages, which are pre-soaked in warm water. When applying such a bandage, you should ensure that it is not tight, does not cause pain, does not cause a feeling of numbness or tingling. For control, the fingers of the limbs are left open, if they become numb, change color, swell - this is a signal that the bandage must be removed and bandaged again.
There are also such types of dressings as fixative. These are materials that are tight, tightly adjacent to the body, and which allow you to correctly distribute the load, maintain, relieve tension, relieve pain. The modern medical industry produces ready-made fixators made using nanotechnologies for various joints: wrists, knees, elbows, lower leg, lumbar region, which are indispensable for minor injuries, sprains, chronic diseases of the musculoskeletal system, during heavy physical labor. For example, the fixing bandage on the ankle is one of the most mobile joints, helps to avoid injuries and sprains during active pastime and great physical exertion.