First of all, it should be noted that preventive measures to prevent the re-development of ischemic stroke should begin as soon as possible after the onset of the initial condition. Among the most significant measures in the prevention of pathologies are smoking cessation, alcohol, diet correction, the use of drugs, the appointment of moderate physical exertion. Due to the increased risk of complications in elderly patients, preventive measures should be carried out with extreme caution.
Non-drug methods of preventing the recurrence of stroke include, first of all, smoking cessation. As observations show, after five years of abstinence from nicotine, the risk of developing a condition in a former smoker has insignificant differences from its probability in a person who has never smoked. At the same time, even in elderly people with a sufficiently long smoking experience, limiting the number of cigarettes smoked or stopping smoking is used as a prevention of stroke and heart attack.
Reduced alcohol consumption gradually reduces the risk of conditions in former alcoholics. Some experts attribute this to a decrease in serum fibrinogen and cholesterol levels, as well as a decrease in platelet aggregation (gluing). However, in alcoholics who have suffered a stroke, prevention by taking reduced doses of alcohol is not proven.
Increases the risk of a state of a decrease in physical activity. Effective prevention of recurrent stroke by regular exercise. Moderate physical activity, regular walks in fresh air have a beneficial effect on the condition. If the patient is unable to move, the implementation of a complex of light physical exercises is shown at home.
Prevention of re-stroke must necessarily include correction of the patient’s nutrition. It is advisable to include in the diet vegetables and fruits in sufficient quantities, vegetable oil. In this case, foods with high cholesterol must be excluded. A decrease in salt intake with food is shown. In the presence of diabetes, regular monitoring of glucose levels, diet, insulin or sulfonylurea is mandatory. Rationally reducing body weight to achieve the optimal rate.
Prevention of re-stroke includes antiplatelet therapy. It should be noted that the use of drugs that reduce platelet aggregation occupies a leading place among measures to prevent pathological conditions associated with the cardiovascular system. Prevention of re-stroke, as a rule, is carried out using acetylsalicylic acid, ticlopidine and other antiplatelet agents. According to the results of observations, prolonged use (at least three years) of these medicines significantly reduces the risk of secondary pathological conditions, including death, by an average of twenty percent.
In the presence of the second or third degree of arterial hypertension (severe or moderate), antihypertensive drugs may be effective . When they are prescribed, the individual indications of the patient who has suffered a stroke or heart attack are taken into account. Moreover, for patients with mild (first) degree of arterial hypertension, only certain medications from the group of antihypertensive drugs are effective. These include, in particular, the diuretic indapamide.