The rules for handling fire and the dangers of fires should be discussed with children from a very young age. This critical topic should be regularly raised during school hours. Many people die in the fire only because they do not know what needs to be done for their own salvation. What fire safety rules are most important for schoolchildren, where to start studying the material?
Home Fire Prevention
Each family can minimize the likelihood of a fire in their own home. In order to prevent a fire, it is necessary to use only working electrical appliances. Be sure to read the operating instructions. When leaving home, make sure that you unplug all appliances with the constant heating function. We are talking about irons, heaters, curling irons and other household appliances with a similar principle of operation. These are the simplest fire safety rules for schoolchildren that every first grader should know. Unattended for a long time you can not leave the included gas stove and burning candles.
Open fire handling
Matches for children are not toys - with this statement, you should begin to memorize fire safety rules with children. It is important for students to learn how dangerous lighters, ignition products, and any flammable mixtures are. Campfires can only be made in specially designated places. The weather should not be dry, hot and windy. A burning fire, like any open fire, should be monitored. It is advisable to keep water and green branches near the fireplace, these are the first means to extinguish a fire in nature. The fire safety rules of the Russian Federation should be known to every resident of our country. In the summer heat, forest fires begin in many regions of the country. When declaring a fire hazard in a particular area, do not make bonfires in nature.
Warning: fire!
What if the fire has already begun? If there is a burning smell, smoke, or a source of fire, the extent of the fire must be estimated. If you are not sure that you can put out the fire on your own, urgently call a fire brigade. In case of fire in the apartment, it is necessary to collect documents and valuables (if possible), and leave the apartment with your pets. If possible, notify your housemates of the fire. When calling the fire department (telephone number 01 in Russia), you must provide your full name, address and nature of the fire. Answer all questions of the dispatcher, detailed information will help to draw up the correct fire fighting plan. A fire brigade with all the necessary equipment will be sent to you.
Can I put out the fire myself?
The method of extinguishing a fire depends on the type of fire and the area covered by the fire. If a household appliance lights up, it must be de-energized (unplug from the wall outlet or turn off the electricity in the apartment through the distribution panel). Small burning items can be covered with a blanket or coverlet to prevent air from entering the flame. When a fire occurs in an apartment, often the only fire extinguishing agent is ordinary water. It is advisable to turn off the electricity before using it. Pouring gives a good result if wood, textiles, finishing materials burn. Fire safety rules for students include fire extinguishing training. If the fire did not have time to spread over a significant area, you can try to bring it down. For this, any sufficiently large piece of dense matter is suitable - a bath towel, a bedspread. Wet the selected item with water and shoot down the fire.
Fire in a public building
Complete new fire safety rules can usually be found in the form of abbreviated memos in any public building. In institutions where there are many people every day, there are always fire guards with fire extinguishers and other fire fighting equipment. If you are in a public building and a fire started in it, after the alarm is announced, you should listen to the message and go to the exit. In such cases, emergency emergency exits are usually opened to evacuate visitors. Try to stay calm. Leaving a burning building should be a quick step (not a run), not pushing and not disturbing others. If the rooms are very smoky, soak a piece of clean cloth with water (a handkerchief or a small piece of clothing will do) and cover your mouth and nose with it. What if the fire spread over a considerable area and you cannot go to the exit of the building? According to PPB (fire safety rules have just such an abbreviation), it is necessary to take refuge in the least smoky room. Close the door and cover the slots with wet rags or towels. In case of fire you can’t hide. Hiding in a closet or bathroom, you endanger yourself with suffocating smoke. You must also call for help and report your whereabouts. If there is no open fire in the room where you are, you can open the windows and attract the attention of passers-by.
What to do if clothes on a person caught fire?
One of the worst situations is when a person’s clothing suddenly lights up on a person. In no case should you run away. It is best to fall to the floor and ride on it, knocking down the flame. If there is a snowdrift or a reservoir nearby, feel free to fall into it. You can extinguish the fire by dousing with water. When clothing on a person ignites in a room, you can cover yourself with a thick cloth. The most important thing is not to cover your head. After the flame is knocked out, you must call an ambulance. Something cold can be applied to the burnt surfaces of the skin or pieces of cloth moistened with cold water. If in some places the clothes adhered to the skin, do not try to remove it yourself. Wait for the doctors to arrive. The victim can be given a pill of a complex pain reliever.
Remember, even a minor violation of fire safety regulations can result in a fire. Handle potentially hazardous objects carefully and be careful. From time to time, repeat the rules of conduct during a fire, you can even make a short memo on this topic and hang it at home in a conspicuous place.