The normal, coordinated functioning of our body is impossible without the full provision of each of its cells with oxygen and nutrients. In addition, the complete and timely withdrawal of residues of used substances is extremely important. The lion's share of these functions is assumed by the cardiovascular system. Therefore, the health of our body depends on its condition.
Various pathologies and disorders in the work of the cardiovascular system, which are based on atherosclerosis of the vessels, are currently one of the significant problems of modern medicine. On the one hand, the human body, and with it the cardiovascular system, constantly undergo mental and physical stress - poor ecology, stress, poor nutrition, etc. And on the other hand, all the products we use, which are sources of nutrients, are processed in various ways, while losing most of the necessary substances. As a result, there is a shortage of nutrients, and with it a "deficit" of health.
The human cardiovascular system is one of the most important body systems, it is entrusted with the performance of such functions as transporting nutrients, hormones, gases and metabolic products from and to cells, protection from foreign cells and invading microorganisms, and regulation of body temperature. All these tasks are performed directly by lymph and blood. Blood is a fluid connective tissue circulating in the blood vessel system, and lymph is a watery, clear fluid that contains white blood cells and is located in the lymphatic vessels.
What does the cardiovascular system consist of?
The main components of the cardiovascular system are blood vessels (veins, arteries and capillaries), which penetrate all organs and systems, and the heart, which is the most important organ of the system. The functioning of the body as a whole depends on how “healthy” or “not healthy” your vessels are. The weight of the heart on average is 300 grams, and the size is equal to a clenched fist. The heart is able to drive 5 liters of blood per minute in a calm state and 25–35 liters / min. in a state of physical activity.
The main task of the heart is the rhythmic movement of blood through the vessels; it consists of two ventricles that act as a pump, and two atria, in which blood is collected. In the right atrium, venous blood accumulates from the whole body, and in the left - arterial blood from the lungs. The walls of the heart consist of three layers: pericardium, myocardium and endocardium. The leading role in the work of the heart belongs to the central layer - the myocardium, which, with its contractions, ensures the ejection of blood outside the heart.
The cardiovascular system is formed by two circles of blood circulation: large and small. The large originates in the left ventricle, and ends in the right atrium, provides blood to all organs and tissues of the body. The pulmonary circulation is limited by the circulation of blood in the lungs, which is enriched with oxygen, starts from the right ventricle and ends with the left atrium.
The heart is a hollow, rhythmically and clearly working, supplying the body with blood and oxygen throughout its life, a muscular organ. Any pathological changes in blood vessels entail a violation of the coordinated work of organs and systems, as well as the development of various diseases, such as, for example, cardiovascular failure. Its main symptoms are: weakness, swelling, shortness of breath, palpitations. Symptoms, in most cases, appear gradually, since the disease develops slowly, so it is very important to detect it immediately.