Paraproctitis is a fairly common disease, expressed in the form of inflammatory processes of pararectal tissue near the rectum. It usually occurs in adults.
Causes of the disease
Paraproctitis occurs when a pathogen enters the pararectal tissue - E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus and white. Mixed microflora is also possible. Usually hemorrhoids, cracks and scratches of the skin around the anus, damage to the rectal mucosa, and perineal hematomas contribute to the development of the disease.
There are cases when paraproctitis occurs as a complication of ulcerative colitis, as a consequence of injuries of the rectum or Crohn's disease.
Paraproctitis, symptoms
Possible acute form of the disease and chronic. In fact, this is one and the same disease, but in two stages of development. If the acute form of the disease does not receive proper treatment, it flows into chronic paraproctitis. In this case, the infection is able to remain inactive for many years in places of old scars. As soon as a person’s immunity weakens, paraproctitis worsens, the symptoms of which flow into purulent infiltrates.
The disease is characterized by infiltration of diseased fiber and pronounced edema.
The disease begins acutely. Paraproctitis, the symptoms of which are expressed in the form of weakness, chills, headache and fever, is also characterized by the appearance of pain in the rectum.
Forms of the disease
Because where the abscesses are located, what forms they have, paraproctitis is divided into:
- sciatic-rectal;
- subcutaneous;
- pelvic-rectal;
- submucous;
- behind the rectum.
Sciatic-rectal paraproctitis, the symptoms of which in the initial phase may not bother, is located in the area of the sciatic-rectal cavities and extends to the pelvic tissue.
Subcutaneous paraproctitis is concentrated under the skin layer around the anus. The patient is tormented by pain, especially with bowel movements. The skin is inflamed, there is a swelling at the site of the lesion.
Pelvic-rectal paraproctitis is considered the most severe form, but also the rarest. Inflammation is located above the pelvic floor, which does not allow it to be detected using a digital examination at the initial stage.
Submucosal paraproctitis is located in the submucosal layer of fiber. A digital examination of the rectum reveals this disease. Such paraproctitis symptoms are in the form of pain in the rectum, but not as intense as the subcutaneous form.
Behind the rectal form of the disease has only one distinguishing feature. Initially, the abscess is located in the tissue behind the rectum, but pus is able to get into the sciatic-rectal region.
Treatment
The initial stage of the disease is well eliminated through conservative treatment. These are: complex treatment with antibiotics, sedentary warm baths with the addition of potassium permanganate, UHF therapy. But most cases of paraproctitis require surgical intervention. In surgery, the abscess is opened, dead tissue is removed, pus outflow is ensured. Postoperative treatment consists of a doctor's supervision and strict bed rest.