There are wild and cultivated plants in the world . Their main difference is that a person cultivates cultivated purposefully, displays various varieties within species.
However, this is an unscientific classification of flora representatives.
Common classification of wild and cultivated plants
Scientists divide all plants into two kingdoms: lower and higher. The first group consists of four departments: brown, green, red and diatoms. The higher divisions include the following: mossy, horsetail, fluvoid, psilotid, fern, gymnosperm and angiosperms. The first five groups of plants reproduce by spores, and the last two - by seeds. Gymnosperms differ from angiosperms in that they have flowers, so the plants of this department are also called flowering. Mostly cultivated plants of the world belong to the angiosperms department. In general, flowering and gymnosperms are by far the most numerous groups of plants.
Variety of angiosperms
Wild and cultivated plants propagated by seeds are very diverse and numerous.
Let us first consider the scientific classification of these representatives of the flora. So, wild and cultivated plants belonging to the flowering department are divided into two classes depending on the structure of the seeds: monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous. Such monocotyledonous families as cereals and liliaceae belong to monocotyledons. Such plants are in most cases cultivated. Dicotyledons include families such as birch, willow, nightshade, cruciferous, bean, asteraceae, and rosaceae. Among them, there are also many crops that are grown by man.
Variety of gymnosperms
Plants that belong to the gymnosperms department can be divided into four classes: coniferous, cypress, oppressive and ginkgo. These are mainly wild species.
In all the above families, genera and species are distinguished.
Other plant classifications
Depending on the life form, wild-growing and cultivated plants can be divided into eight groups:
- The trees. These are perennial plants with a woody, pronounced trunk from 2 meters in height.
- Bushes (shrubs). Perennial representatives of the flora with woody stems, however, do not have a pronounced trunk. Branching of such plants begins from the soil itself.
- Shrubs. These are perennial plants with woody lower parts of the stems and grassy upper ones. Their height is from 1 meter. This is not such a large group of plants. Only some types of ephedra, astragalus and the like belong to it.
- Shrubs. They have the same qualities as shrubs, but with a lower height - not higher than 0.5 meters.
- Half shrubs. Very similar to shrubs, but have approximately the same height as shrubs. To shrubs include, for example, some types of wormwood.
- Succulents. Perennial plants with juicy, fleshy stems and leaves, which contain reserve water. This group includes many indoor flowers: aloe, Kalanchoe, cacti, etc.
- Creepers. They need support to maintain their position. They are divided into climbing and climbing.
- Herbs. Plants with succulent green non-woody shoots. This life form has many cultivated plants and indoor flowers.
- Life forms such as parasites and epiphytes also exist. They are similar in that they settle on other plants. However, the difference between them is that the parasites feed at the expense of their "owners", and the epiphytes do no harm to the plants on which they live.
Wild and cultivated plants, examples of which can be seen in the pictures, can also be divided into groups depending on their life expectancy. So, annual, biennial and perennial plants are distinguished. Annuals and biennials are mainly herbaceous plants, and perennials can be shrubs, shrubs, trees, etc.
Wild and cultivated plants: examples
Consider cultivated and wild plants that are used by humans in various fields.
They are shown in the table below.
Wild and cultivated plants: groups, examples, use| Growing | Groups | Examples |
| Wild growing | medicinal | calendula, valerian, rosehip, field chamomile, conifers |
| for the pulp and paper and furniture industries | spruce, birch, pine |
| for food | lingonberry, blackberry, blueberry, blueberry |
| weeds | quinoa, bluegrass, nettle, sow thistle |
| Cultural | decorative | daffodil, rose, tulip, orchid |
| bean | soy, beans, peas |
| cereal | corn, wheat, rice, oats, millet |
| sugar-bearing | sugar beet |
| starchy | potatoes |
| fibrous | flax, cotton, hemp, kenaf |
| oilseeds | sunflower |
| gourds | watermelon melon |
| fruit | apple tree, pear, plum |
| vegetable | tomato, cucumber, cabbage, radish, radish, turnip |
| stimulating | coffee, tea, tobacco |
| fodder | beet feed, turnip |
Now you know what the cultural and wild representatives of the flora are and what groups they are divided into.