Pedagogical activity is a social direction, the purpose of which is the transfer of cultural values, experience from the older generation to the younger. The teacher as a subject of pedagogical activity creates the conditions for the younger generation for personal development and determining the social role in society.
What is a pedagogical activity?
It should be understood that not only teachers, but also educators, parents, extracurricular institutions and the media are engaged in pedagogical activities. The teacher is engaged in professional activities, and the parents are general pedagogical, while being engaged in self-education and self-education. The teacher, as the subject of pedagogical activity, conducts activities in specially equipped institutions, in schools, in secondary specialized institutions, vocational schools, and preschool institutions. Pedagogical activity is characterized by the union of goals, operations, actions, motives.
The objectives of teaching
The main goal of the teacher is to educate a developed and cultural personality. To achieve this goal, various techniques have been developed that work based on the characteristics of educational objects. Intergenerational transmission of information is historically determined. The teacher should take into account the desire of the individual to enter the society and correspond to it and have individual characteristics.
The personality of the teacher as a subject of pedagogical activity affects the development of the individual. But for the full disclosure of the student, it is necessary to carry out adjustments taking into account the characteristics of the subjects.
The main objectives of teaching activities:
- the environment in which the educational process takes place;
- the activities of pupils;
- educational team;
- individual developmental features.
Goals may change over time, all of which must be consistent with modern development and form. But the final result should be the harmonious development of the individual, self-determination and finding his place in society.
Pedagogical action
To pedagogical actions is everything that the teacher does, but does not come down to specific forms. To implement the tasks, certain algorithms have been developed that allow solving problems. Based on previous experience, the teacher is the subject of pedagogical activity, correlates the result and the subject of training. Thus, pedagogical activity is the solution of many problems that differ in level, class and types.
The difficulty in solving pedagogical problems is that this requires experience and knowledge. One without the other does not work. Difficult decisions, as a rule, do not lie on the surface. The teacher needs complex algorithms, hard work of thought, analysis of conditions, factors, results.
The solution to the problem has a forecast, but does not always correspond to it. There are no clear formulations, there is no algorithm from which we do not have to depart. The teacher is forced to compare, analyze and assume what the solution to the problem will lead to. Even if there is a clear algorithm in a specific task, then there may be several results. The teacher’s profession is creative, the solution of non-standard situations leads to new solutions.
Teacher in teaching
The main activities of the teacher are teaching and upbringing. The management of various activities is carried out by the teacher as a subject of pedagogical activity. V. Slastenin claims that teaching is a type of activity that directs students to learn new things. Pedagogical and educational activities are similar in their values, because obtaining knowledge without educating a person will not bring results.
But information on pedagogical knowledge usually comes separately from educational work. In addition to knowledge and skills, the student must be creative and evoke emotions.
Teaching is driven into time frames. For the allotted time it is necessary to give out a certain amount of knowledge. Parenting does not depend on time. It is impossible to get the result of education after a certain time. This is a long flexible process, the result of which is difficult to adapt to the algorithms.
Teacher in education
The educational process cannot be programmed, unlike the educational process. The main goal of upbringing is to change the pupils, leading to positive results.
If a child is taught to solve problems, wash hands or cross the road - this is training. Educational work is planned in general terms. You can instill a love of nature, to form an attitude towards work and society. Education in a particular class cannot be brought to normative documents.
With the same attitude to students, equal requirements and educational activities, the result can be completely different. It should be borne in mind that the child is influenced by other factors that do not depend on the teacher as a subject of pedagogical activity. Briefly - these are parents, street, senior comrades.
The structure of pedagogical activity
The structure of pedagogical activity contains individual functions of the teacher. The teacher as a subject of pedagogical activity according to Kuzmina must have three interconnected components:
- constructive;
- organizational;
- communicative.
Constructive activity contains constructive-substantive and constructive-operational parts. The teacher needs to make a selection of material for work, plan the pedagogical process. In the operational part, the teacher plans his actions and students.
Organizational activity is able to unite the team. The teacher includes pupils in a particular process, teamwork.
Communicative activity involves building relationships with pupils, their parents, other teachers and public organizations.
All three components are mandatory, but do not reveal the whole essence of the pedagogical process. A workflow cannot be effective without the relationship between all links. To evaluate the result, a control and evaluation link is introduced.
Teacher as a subject of pedagogical activity
The basis of the teaching profession is a clear social position of the profession. The mentor transfers his attitude to the world to the pupils. The teacher as a subject of pedagogical activity must meet the requirements that society imposes.
The social position of the teacher was formed in the school. Based on this, in the process of training a specialty, awareness of the profession is formed. Pedagogy algorithms do not work in the process of education. If in solving a problem the teacher made a decision on the basis of intuition, then it becomes impossible to analyze the act.
The teacher as the subject of correctional and educational activities performs the following functions:
- informs children;
- is friends with them;
- dictator, if forced to accept the rules without a choice;
- adviser, if you are ready to persuade;
- mastermind.
Such methods give positive and negative points in education. Indulging, removing all restrictions, bribery and disrespect always lead to the destruction of the personality of the child.
Teacher professional readiness
A teacher as a subject of pedagogical activity is determined by certain requirements of pedagogical readiness. We can distinguish the physical, psychological, theoretical and practical readiness of the teacher.
Teacher requirements can be grouped into 3 groups:
- qualities of a teacher as a citizen of his country;
- knowledge and skills suitable for the subject of the teacher;
- qualities appropriate to the specific work of the teacher.
Important qualities also include communicative, dialectical, organizational. Teacher is not a simple profession. Its main task is to create a personality, learn new knowledge, and establish self-awareness.
A modern teacher should have the skills appropriate to the time:
- high civic engagement;
- willingness to innovate;
- need for self-education;
- high professionalism;
- be able to make responsible decisions;
- think creatively;
- professional performance.
Teacher’s ideological conviction
The ideological conviction of a teacher is the basis of professional activity. The idea lies in the social activity of the teacher. Values, a sense of duty, principles - are the meaning of the statement. The teacher is the subject of pedagogical activity. He must have a pedagogical vocation, intention and a penchant for education.
The teacher takes responsibility for the students, is not confined to personal problems, is ready to communicate and help students. Pedagogical vocation can be contemplative, pedagogical interest makes the teacher move forward, gain new knowledge and experience.
Calling is not revealed in the learning process. This can be recognized by direct contact with students and their parents. Immersion in work, reassessment of values, dedication make it possible to understand how fit a person is to teaching.
Love for children and a sense of duty
Love for children lies at the heart of the teacher, as the subject of pedagogical activity. Briefly, we can say that, guided by pedagogical duty and responsibility, the teacher hurries to help children and parents. Demanding for oneself, adherence to ethical standards is the basis of the teacher’s work.
The highest manifestation of teacher duty is the dedication with which the teacher devotes his life to upbringing and educational activities. He does not count with time, with his personal life.
The teacher’s relationship with children and parents is positive in the presence of a natural sense of tact. The pedagogical tact accumulates over time. It is important to analyze and direct the pupil in time, without causing negative emotions, and adhering to decisive actions. Erudition, outlook and life experience influence the sense of tact.
Pedagogical justice and love for the subject
The moral upbringing of a teacher as a subject of pedagogical activity according to Krivshenko is a standard of objectivity. The qualities of the teacher, which create authority among children, must be supported by moral and spiritual purity.
The need for knowledge is reinforced by love for the subject. Without this, there will be no desire for new skills. A good teacher can, in accordance with the time, choose a teaching method that will be of interest to the pupils. The teacher must understand the scientific achievements in his field, be aware of innovations and discoveries, instill a love for the subject among students, identify the contradictions that arise in the world of science.
A good teacher lives in constant development, improvement, self-education. Achieving mutual understanding with students and dedication to the profession are paramount.