What is health? This is not just the absence of a particular disease. Health is a state of creative return, good performance and emotional tone. From all this is the well-being of the individual.
Today, we can state the fact that human health, whether it is an adult or a child, occupies the highest priority positions in the world. The fact is that any state needs creative and active individuals with harmonious development. But every day new, ever higher demands are made on a person. Only a healthy person can match them.
But how to solve this problem? The answer to this question can be Eastern wisdom that human health is the peak, which everyone must conquer independently. What is the task of educators in this case? They must teach their students to conquer such a peak.
The value of the initial life stage
In preschool age, the foundation of the mental and physical health of a person is formed. The first seven years of life is the period when people go a long way in their development, which does not find repetition in subsequent years.
It is in the preschool period that all organs intensively develop, the formation of functional systems takes place, the character is formed, the defining personality traits are laid. At the same time, a small person begins to relate in a certain way to himself and to the people around him.
The task of the teacher
An adult who is entrusted with the duty of raising a child must:
- instill in him a value attitude to health;
- teach to give up everything harmful to the body;
- instill a sense of responsibility for your health.
These tasks should be addressed through the implementation of the program “Health saving in preschool education”. The success of its implementation depends on a systematic approach to solving this problem, which the institution uses in its work. Activities carried out in this direction should be carried out in accordance with a coordinated policy, supported by the approved comprehensive action plan.
Relevance of the topic
According to the Federal State Educational Standard, the educator must apply various technologies of health conservation in the preschool educational institution in his work. In this way, he will achieve the solution of the priority task facing modern preschool education, namely, the preservation, maintenance and enrichment of the health of the child, teacher and parents. In other words, all subjects of the educational process carried out in the DOE.
Raising a socially adapted personality
The program on health conservation in the preschool educational institution according to the Federal State Educational Standard includes the steps to maintain the physical condition of the child. And this is very important. After all, the physical health of children is inextricably linked with their emotional well-being, as well as mental health. And only a high level of all these components allows us to talk about a harmoniously developed personality.
The program on health conservation in the preschool educational institution on GEF is constructed in such a way that the principle of recognition that a healthy child is by all means successful is the dominant one. This can be achieved by a whole system of measures aimed at the physical education of children.
The use of pedagogical technologies
Currently, the work on health conservation in the preschool educational institution is one of the highest priority areas of the educational process. How to carry out these activities? And here, health-saving technologies come to the aid of the teacher.
It should be borne in mind that when determining the health of a child, one should not dwell only on the physical component of this definition. In this case, do not forget about the socio-psychological and spiritual-moral side of the issue. After all, health is a multifaceted concept. And it includes many different aspects.
That is why the modernization of the Russian education system is aimed at creating conditions for the health conservation of the preschool educational institution. This will certainly improve the quality of the educational process. In this regard, the recently adopted State Standards (GEF) as the main task posed by educational institutions, highlight the comprehensive development of the younger generation, taking into account the age-related capabilities and individual abilities of each child, while maintaining and strengthening his health.
The concept of educational technology
The work of children in the preservation of preschool education directly depends on the program that teachers should work on. When compiling it, the following are taken into account:
- specific conditions in the DOE;
- professional competence of teachers;
- indications of the incidence of children.
What does the concept of “pedagogical technologies for health conservation” mean? Different authors interpret it differently. So, the founder of this concept N.K. Smirnov in his writings said that this is nothing more than a set of methods and forms of such an organization of the learning process, which would not be carried out at the expense of the health of students. In his opinion, health saving in a preschool educational institution should be present when applying any pedagogical technology and be its qualitative characteristic. Moreover, it is important that health is maintained in all subjects of the educational process. And these include teachers, children and their parents.
Health-saving technologies are a kind of safety certificate for the physical condition of people involved in the educational process. In addition, such technologies serve as a combination of those methods, techniques and principles of the educator, which are an addition to traditional pedagogical technologies.
Purpose of application
Why is health conservation in preschool education necessary? The purpose of this area is multifaceted. So, for a child, this kind of pedagogical technology allows to ensure a high level of his health while educating the valueological culture. Valeological competence is the totality of the conscious attitude of the baby to his health and the ability to protect, preserve and support him. All this will allow the preschooler to efficiently and independently solve the problems of safe behavior, as well as a healthy lifestyle, which are associated with the provision of the most basic physical and psychological assistance and mutual assistance.
Health saving of preschool educational institutions for parents and teachers is a contribution to the development of a health culture. This concept includes maintaining the physical condition of educators, as well as valeological education of dads and mothers of the baby.
Health saving in preschool educational institutions using appropriate technologies will significantly increase the effectiveness of the educational process. Moreover, such a program will form value guidelines for parents and teachers aimed at strengthening the health of preschool children. But this is only possible if conditions are created for adjusting technologies taking into account specific conditions, as well as the specialization of the institution. In addition, a program aimed at the health protection of preschool teachers and parents of children will form positive motivations in adults only if it is based on statistical monitoring of the physical condition of children. At the same time, it is important to make amendments to all ongoing activities that relate to the intensity of technological methods and to ensure an individual approach to each pupil.
Only then all actions will help to achieve the goal. Health-saving technologies will allow the child to form persistent motivation aimed at maintaining an active lifestyle. In this case, the baby will be cheerful, open to communication and optimistic. Achieving this goal is the key to the successful development of the entire spectrum of qualities and personality traits.
Varieties of pedagogical technologies
What should include a health plan in a preschool education? It should include all activities aimed at using various types of health-saving technologies. And this:
- physical education minutes (dynamic pauses);
- rhythmoplasty;
- sport games;
- technologies with an aesthetic focus;
- relaxation;
- gymnastics for the eyes and finger, for awakening and breathing;
- wellness run;
- physical education classes;
- communicative and entertaining games;
- self-massage;
- classes on the topic "Health";
- technology exposure to color, music;
- fairy tale therapy, etc.
Implementation steps
A health plan in a preschool is implemented through several steps. So, the stages of the introduction of such technologies are:
1. Analysis of physical development and initial health status. At the same time, it is important to take into account the level of development of valeological and children's skills. An important factor for the analysis should be the health-saving environment existing in the preschool educational institution.
2. Organization of the necessary space.
3. Establishing contacts with other employees of the institution.
4. Self-education of the preschool health care educator with the study of all the techniques and methods of this area.
5. The introduction of various forms of work to strengthen and maintain the health of various categories of adults and children.
6. Work with parents of babies, having a valeological orientation.
All the technologies described above should be included in the plan of self-education of the preschool teacher on the topic of health conservation. His actions in the future should have a comprehensive focus. Only in this case, the child will form a habit of maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Work on the implementation of these technologies should be carried out not only by educators. It is necessary that physical education instructors, musical leaders, psychologists, speech therapists take part in it. Only in this case, the child will learn to understand their own emotions, begin to control behavior, and also feel and hear their body.
The use of wellness regimes
What else should children's health preschool care provide for? This program will certainly include:
- A variety of wellness regimes, including flexible and adaptive, seasonal and gentle;
- a set of measures of a developing nature, which includes the passage of "health paths", air hardening, walking barefoot, rinsing the mouth and throat, invigorating gymnastics, etc .;
- a variety of physical education classes;
- maximum use of motor mode;
- preventive measures in the form of rhythmoplasty, dry pool, logo rhythm, tactile tracks.
In the plan of self-education of the teacher of the preschool educational institution on the topic of health conservation, the issue of the organization of a balanced diet must be included.
It is also necessary to provide for a whole range of measures that preserve the psychological and physical health of adults. In addition, all the activities of the teacher should be carried out in compliance with the requirements of SanPiN.
The results of the introduction of pedagogical technologies
A teacher receiving self-education on health preservation of a preschool educational institution should remember that work on the physical and psychological state of a child is not a separate periodic activity. The introduction of appropriate technologies into practice must certainly become the ideology of the entire educational process. After all, its result will be the creation of a certain behavioral base of the personality, which will remain for life.
The result of the introduction of health-saving technologies should be:
- the formation of the necessary skills to promote a healthy lifestyle in both children and adults;
- active interaction of all DOU specialists on the organization of recreational and athletic work with kids;
- The manifestation of tolerance of each of the participants in the introduction of such technologies in the general educational process of the Kindergarten
- the creation of a regulatory framework addressing the health of the younger generation;
- implementation of the latest scientific and methodological methods;
- Organization of a process aimed at preserving the physical and mental health of children and at creating the necessary health-saving space not only in preschool education, but also in the family;
- preservation and improvement of children's health indicators.
The introduction of such pedagogical technologies is one of the most promising areas of work of educational institutions. This set of techniques and methods of teaching young children will achieve a harmonious development of the individual without harming their physical and mental development.
Health promotion and promotion technologies
Let us consider in more detail those techniques that are used by the teacher during activities to preserve the health of children.
One of the components of this process is rhythmoplasty. It develops flexibility and musical ear in children, forms the correct posture.
During classes, the teacher should conduct dynamic pauses. They are a set of exercises in finger and breathing exercises. They should include eye exercises. Such physical education minutes usually last very shortly. Their frequency depends on the fatigue of children. The time allotted for their conduct is from 2 to 5 minutes.
Every day, the teacher must conduct sports games with children. Moreover, they, as a rule, are part of physical education classes. Outdoor games are recommended for children and while walking. They are also carried out in a group room, when the kids are not able to show a high degree of mobility. Games should be selected taking into account the age of the child, as well as the place and time of their holding.
Important for maintaining and enhancing children's health and relaxation. Its main task is to teach kids how to manage their own emotions and behavior. Thanks to relaxation, preschoolers begin to “hear” their body.
The teacher conducts activities aimed at creating a balance of positive and negative emotions, as well as ensuring a life-affirming position and maintaining internal balance. The adult's task is not to suppress or eradicate the emotions that a child has. He teaches children to feel their feelings and control behavior.
To achieve this goal, relaxation exercises are used for both this or that part of the muscles and the whole body. During relaxation it is important to create the necessary mood. To do this, calm music (Rachmaninov, Tchaikovsky) or the sounds of nature should sound in the room. There is an element of the game in such exercises, and therefore they are very popular with children who quickly learn such difficult, it would seem, relaxation.
Finger gymnastics must certainly participate in the health care program. Its main tasks are:
- development of accuracy and sleight of hand;
- stimulation of the creative abilities of the baby;
- development of speech and imagination;
- Preparing a preschooler’s hand for writing.
Finger exercises are held daily. They can be individual or involving a group of children. Fine motor training allows you to stimulate spatial thinking, speech, blood circulation and attention, speed of reaction and imagination. All this is especially useful for those children who have speech problems.
In any free time, the teacher can perform eye exercises with children. The specific period of time will depend on the visual load of the child. With the help of such gymnastics, the static tension of the eye muscles is removed, and blood circulation improves in them. For teaching children exercises, the teacher uses visual material.
One type of fitness work is breathing exercises. Thanks to her exercises in children, oxygen metabolism in the tissues is activated. At the same time, the work of the whole organism is normalized.
When drawing up plans for health conservation, the teacher should provide for daily invigorating gymnastics. It is carried out for 5-10 minutes immediately after a day's sleep. This is a small complex, which includes:
- exercises on the beds;
- motion to correct flat feet;
- education of correct posture;
- washing.
Daily morning exercises should be carried out with the children.
These 6-8 minutes of classes will be most effective if you get music. In this case, the children will begin the active formation of gymnastic skills and abilities.. . . . .
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