A significant amount of the modern population of the Earth lives in cities. However, many forget that, despite all the benefits provided by them, these are places of increased danger. The characteristic features of modern cities can traditionally be considered a significant number of people, industrial enterprises and vehicles. All these circumstances compel us to act in accordance with the established and established safety rules. Such measures can provide not only personal security, but also the protection of everyone around. At any moment in the life of every person a dangerous situation can develop. This, for example, may be a traffic accident, fire, or some kind of criminal situation. The material presented below will consider not only the classification of hazardous situations, but also the ways to avoid or eliminate them.
Terminology
The concept of a “dangerous situation” implies a special set of circumstances that can lead to accidents, catastrophes and other disasters. Currently, the causes of such conditions are mostly anthropogenic in nature. After all, a significant number of the circumstances considered arise as a result of a person's non-compliance with the established rules of behavior. On the other hand, the concept of a “dangerous situation” can be described as follows: this is a particularly difficult situation, as a result of which a negative impact on human life and health can be caused. However, not only the planet’s population, but also the environment is involved in such an interaction.
Classification of hazardous situations
The entire set of the above events is traditionally divided into three main categories: natural, man-made and social. Among the first include all kinds of natural disasters, as well as epidemics that lead to a change in the biological state of the environment. In turn, the second category includes accidents involving vehicles. For example, accidents on railways, roads and so on. Socially dangerous situations are characterized by political disagreements and all kinds of conflicts of interest.
Reasons and Sources
As mentioned earlier, the occurrence of dangerous situations is mostly due to non-compliance with human safety rules and safety. Nevertheless, modern scientists also identify a number of factors that are not related to the actions of individual people. Let's consider some of them in more detail. Currently, there is a certain classification, which allows us to divide the causes of dangerous situations into two main categories: natural and artificial. The first traditionally include all kinds of manifestations of mother nature. For example, earthquakes, floods, landslides, etc., as well as space activity in the form of solar radiation and various celestial bodies, such as comets, meteorites and so on. In turn, the second category includes the causes of dangerous situations that arise as a result of anthropogenic sources. Among the latter are traditionally man-made disasters, military operations, social threats and so on.
Man-made risks
First, consider the factors that could result in a similar dangerous situation. First of all , these are all kinds of objects of the material and cultural environment that influence a person. For example, vehicles, explosive and fire hazardous substances and materials. After all, it is they that pose a threat under the special influence of certain factors, which include increased values ​​of temperature and pressure, catalyst compounds, electric current, as well as all kinds of radiation (acoustic, electromagnetic, ionizing) and so on. The above characteristics gave the name to the whole group - dangerous technological situations.
Natural disasters
Similar situations can arise as a result of an inattentive and incorrect attitude to the environmental features (for example, to the conditions of the region of residence). On the other hand, a threat to the life and health of people, property and natural resources takes place due to non-compliance with the rules of conduct at different times of the year.
Socially dangerous situations
This category of threat sources appears as a result of violation of public order or personal security. As mentioned earlier, the causes of such dangerous situations include conflicts of interest, political differences and other aspects of social life.
Combined sources
Human life is traditionally considered a complex and multifaceted process, therefore, threats to it are often diverse. The reasons, in turn, can consist of several factors belonging to different groups. The result of such interactions are mixed or combined sources. It is because of them that in the modern world there is an additional classification. It includes three groups: natural-technogenic, natural-social and social-technogenic sources. We list the features of each category.
Natural-technogenic
The considered dangerous situation is the result of a mixture of natural phenomena and factors caused by human life. Currently, many problems arise as a result of acid rain, smog, a decrease in soil fertility, dust storms and other troubles.
Natural social
This group combines natural phenomena and social aspects. An example is the global epidemic of the most dangerous infectious diseases. Surely many have heard of bird and swine flu or the Ebola virus. This category also includes drug addiction and many sexually transmitted diseases, as well as cancer and AIDS.
Social and technogenic
The considered dangerous situation is a symbiosis of social aspects and features of human life. This specific category is characterized by occupational injuries and diseases, as well as psychological abnormalities that may arise as a result of production activities. Oddly enough, this group also includes mass mental disorders that arise in the process of influencing the subconscious of a person by the media or special technical equipment.
Personal Protective Measures
After studying the characteristic features of the circumstances under consideration, it is also necessary to pay attention to an important aspect called “Behavior in hazardous situations”. Indeed, it is often from him that the preservation of your health and even survival depends. Let's consider this question in more detail.
As a rule, in order to minimize the negative consequences that may arise as a result of dangerous situations, you need to learn to constantly pay attention to your own personal safety. This is not only cautious behavior in public places, but also the ability to avoid danger and anticipate possible threats. In addition to this, of course, you need to know the basic rules of behavior in extreme circumstances.
How to learn this?
Most modern people do not have innate instincts that would allow them to avoid such moments or eliminate all kinds of risks. Meanwhile, dangerous situations in life await us at every step. For example, accidents involving a variety of vehicles, social disagreements and other conflicts that can lead to a situation that threatens the normal activities of each person. So, how to avoid such moments? Of course, like many other tricks, this can be learned. It should be remembered that the so-called fundamentals of life safety are taught to us even in a comprehensive school.
State structures
Currently, in each country there is a certain list of services that should be addressed as a result of a particular dangerous situation. Traditionally, these are fire brigades, police, medical assistance, and emergency gas services. Nevertheless, even with successful treatment in any of the above bodies, you should protect yourself as much as possible from the negative influence of the damaging factor. Let's see what is needed for this.
Basic Rules
In order to protect yourself from unforeseen events, you should teach yourself safe behavior. And for this, in turn, it is important to know a few rules. First you need to mentally prepare yourself for the correct actions in extreme and extreme circumstances. In no case should not give in to panic. Learn to solve situational problems. For example, select several difficult moments from the media, the solution of which may require your concentration and the right actions. 5 dangerous situations will be enough. Then identify the source and nature of the threat. Then you should determine the main directions and solutions to such situations. Compare your chosen methods with commonly used ones. Evaluate the correctness of your thinking. In addition to the above actions, the following rules must also be taken into account. Improve your fitness all the time. It is unlikely that you will be able to make any decisions in the absence of proper skills. Therefore, playing sports, as well as hardening the body will be especially useful. Constantly cultivate strong-willed qualities in yourself. However, the ability to remain calm, sane and balanced in any situation will not be superfluous. The above qualities will help you find the most rational ways to solve the problem in the most difficult conditions. In addition to this, it is necessary not only to know, but also to have a sufficient set of various skills and abilities in the field of life safety. Such a system of rules for the behavior of each person in everyday life significantly reduces the likelihood of a dangerous situation, and also reduces the level of damage.
Conclusion
Many of us are of the opinion that nothing bad will ever happen to them. This, of course, is commendable, because a positive attitude makes our life quite simple and interesting. Nevertheless, troubles at some point can overtake each of us. However, the severity of the possible consequences that hit the head of the unfortunate person will depend only on readiness for rational and competent actions.