Obviously, the formation of a normal pregnancy requires the presence of a healthy embryo and receptive (able to accept it) uterine mucosa. It is also obvious that in the middle of the cycle, a thin endometrium (less than seven millimeters) causes a sharp decrease in the probability of conception. If less than five millimeters is detected, then the possibility of pregnancy is catastrophically reduced.
Specialists in the field of reproductive medicine have proposed quite a few methods of the so-called "building up" of the uterine mucosa. However, the most effective method was never found.
At the same time, some clinics continue to engage in research aimed at overcoming this pathology.
As you know, the process of mucosal regeneration occurs in women throughout the entire reproductive (reproductive) age. This requires the constant entry of stem cells into the basal layer. Their main sources are adipose tissue and bone marrow. The so-called mesenchymal cells, which are capable of further transformation, are obtained from adipose tissue cells.
During the study, stem cells were introduced into the endometrium. As one of the results showed, a patient who had previously had eleven unsuccessful attempts at conception had a pregnancy.
It should be noted that the question of the scheme of hormonal support, as well as in which cases this method can be used, remains poorly understood.
However, the thickness of the endometrium may be too large. This condition in gynecology is called a hyperplastic process. As the data show, hyperplasia accounts for almost 5% of all gynecological pathologies.
Too much thickness of the endometrium is caused by hormonal disorders against the background of diseases of the thyroid gland, ovaries, adrenal glands. Hyperplastic processes are detected in the mucosa with obesity, diabetes. The thickness of the endometrium may be influenced by an increased level of estrogen against a relatively low concentration of progesterone. In this case, hyperplasia is due to the fact that the former contribute to the growth of the mucosa, and the latter inhibits its excessive growth. Endometrium, the thickness of which is increased, can cause infertility.
Hyperplastic processes can develop at any age. A provoking factor in young patients is the development of an inflammatory process in the uterine cavity. Often, increased endometrial thickness is noted in combination with endometriosis and myoma.
Hyperplastic processes in the mucosa are divided into adenomatous (atypical) and endometrial typical hyperplasia, as well as endometrial polyps.
A polyp is an isolated, sprawling formation in the uterine mucosa. Basically, its formation occurs on the so-called leg. Polyps can be both multiple and single.
It should be noted that the development of hyperplastic processes in the mucosa provoke the potential risk of cancer. At the same time, there is a different likelihood of oncological changes in various types of hyperplasia. As practice shows, it is considered maximum when it is atypical and amounts to about 40%.
In addition, it should be remembered that not every hyperplasia refers to the precancerous state of the endometrium. According to the recommendations of individual specialists, this condition should include:
- changes in the uterine mucosa of an adenomatous nature at any age;
- glandular hyperplasia during menopause;
- glandular hyperplasia in combination with the development of neuroendocrine disorders at any age.