Wild animals, a list of which many have known since school, belong to the class of mammals. This is not the largest group of living things on the planet. However, their representatives are at the top of the food chain. Wild animals are called those that live in natural conditions.
Mammalian breeding
All wild animals, the names, list and classification of which will be discussed later, have one thing in common: mothers feed the young with milk. Their reproduction occurs in several ways.
Oviparous wild animals follow the path of birds and reptiles. However, hatched babies are fed milk. A typical egg-laying animal is the platypus.
Viviparous marsupials. Their offspring is born until the moment of full development and is moved to complete a special brood bag for termination. Kangaroo is a typical representative of this type of animal.
Viviparous placental. The largest group. Females of these species have a placenta - a special organ for carrying babies. It helps to exchange substances between the fetus and the mother. The process of maturation of the offspring ends in the womb of the mother's body. Cubs are born already fully formed. Marsupials and oviparous animals do not have a placenta.
Signs of mammals
Wild animals, the list of orders of which contains 20 names, have common features. All of them are heterosexual, each species has male and female individuals. Pregnancy of the female occurs only after fertilization by the male. Carrying babies lasts a different number of days: from 12 to 600. After birth, they can not do without mother's milk, protection and care. Life expectancy varies from 1 year to 70 years, depending on species.
Wild animals, the list of which is quite extensive, by type of food can be divided into three categories:
- herbivores;
- carnivores;
- omnivores.
Constant body temperature is present in the vast majority of wild animals. They have high adaptive abilities, so mammals have adapted to life in different ecological niches.
Wild animals of Russia
There are so many wild animals on all continents that listing them alone will take a long time. In the Russian Federation, there are about 300 species of mammals. A variety of climatic zones allows to cover many ecological niches. The list of wild animals of Russia will give an idea of what species live here. Over the past hundreds of years, man has noticeably reduced the composition of the fauna of our country.
List of wild animals by alphabet and range
Representatives of the Arctic: polar bear, harp seal, ringed seal, lahtak, walrus, sea hare, arctic fox, reindeer, etc. A total of 10 land species, 14 cetaceans and 9 pinnipeds.
The tundra has a much greater species diversity of animals. Most representatives of the fauna have a light color and thick fur. Between the Yenisei and Khatanga bays in summer, you can find the largest reindeer population on the entire planet living in natural conditions.
Wild animals, the list of which is presented below, live in the taiga: squirrel, ermine, hare, red deer, roe deer, marten, elk, bear, field vole, lynx, reindeer, sable.
The fauna of mixed and broad-leaved forests: badger, wolf, European roe deer, wild boar, pine marten, deer, lynx.
What are the steppe wild animals? The alphabetical list looks like this: a bakak, a big jerboa, a tolai hare, a vole, a steppe pestle, a saiga, a marmot, a ground squirrel, a hamster.
Representatives of the fauna of the desert, adapted to daily and annual temperature jumps: hedgehog, hare, shrew, corsac, gerbil, field vole, saiga, ground squirrel, jerboa, ferret.
The following wild animals inhabit the Far Eastern region: squirrel, chipmunk, marten-haraza, leopard, bear, deer, wolverine, hazel grouse, sable, tiger.
Ungulates are found throughout the Russian Federation: wild boar, roe deer, elk, saiga, and reindeer. We hunt fur animals: squirrel, fox, mink, muskrat, arctic fox (the main object of fishing), sable (the most valuable representative). There are a lot of wild animals, but they should be treated with respect, because the extinction of only one species can lead to tragic consequences for nature.