People who have normal blood pressure readings all 24 hours a day simply do not exist. Despite the fact that unstable pressure most often bothers older people, this problem is increasingly common in patients of a younger age. If the pressure jumps slightly, which in no way affects the general state of health, there is nothing to worry about. But in those cases when a change in the indicators on the tonometer is accompanied by a deterioration in health, one cannot do without the help of specialists.
What is the danger of hypertension
A factor affecting these indicators is the force with which the heart muscle pumps blood in the vessels. If the heart works too intensively, an increase in blood pressure is inevitable. The peak of hypertension is individual for everyone, but with its onset an unpleasant complication can occur - rupture of the vascular wall. The most common and least dangerous example is the reddened sclera of the eyes due to capillaries bursting from tension. But what happens if the wall of an artery that feeds the brain ruptures? The patient is facing an acute cerebrovascular accident (hemorrhagic stroke) with unpredictable complications and possibly fatal outcome.
Why low blood pressure should be treated
If everything is clear with arterial hypertension, then many doubt the real threat of hypotension. Indeed, weak blood pressure cannot lead to rupture of blood vessels, and this lulls the vigilance of many patients. And it is worth noting that it is completely in vain. Low galloping pressure is fraught with a number of troubles:
- low-quality blood circulation in the internal organs and brain;
- stagnant pressure in the veins and arteries;
- due to the slow rate of blood flow, the viscosity of the liquid tissue increases, which leads to the formation of blood clots.
If pressure drops are observed in a pregnant woman, then she needs to know that hypotension increases the risk of hypoxia in the fetus. Differences within 10 mm RT. Art. pathology is not considered.
Ischemic stroke
Each of us should know how to act if a person’s blood pressure jumps. What if its performance is so low that it led to an ischemic stroke?
The thing is that hypotension and frequent changes in blood pressure have a bad effect on the supply of blood to certain areas of the brain. As soon as the moment of the cessation of blood supply comes, a person may lose consciousness, lose speech, and ability to control urination and bowel movements. The symptom complex for ischemic stroke will completely depend on the affected area.
What triggers pressure surges
The reasons for the difference in blood pressure can not be called exactly in any of the clinical cases. The mechanisms of this phenomenon are still unclear to scientists. At the same time, researchers and practicing doctors have no doubts about the factors that cause the pressure to jump. Both low and high indicators can be observed if at least one of the following conditions holds:
- stress, short-term excitement and worries;
- a sharp change in temperature, prolonged exposure to heat and cold;
- taking medications that have a hypertensive or hypotensive effect;
- kidney or adrenal disease;
- weather dependence, sensitivity to changes in atmospheric pressure;
- hormonal disorders.
Thus, every second person is at risk. It is also proven that the pressure jumps greatly due to the reaction of the body to external stimuli: alcohol, coffee, spicy food, etc.
Characteristic Signs of Hypertension
If the pressure jumps, what to do in the subsequent drop, each patient should know. First of all, it is important to recognize the symptoms of an increase or decrease in blood pressure.
Doctors call arterial hypertension the “silent killer,” and all because the increase in pressure may not be accompanied by any symptoms at an early stage. As the disease progresses, the disease manifests itself with pain in the heart, dizziness, headaches, and nausea. People with weakened capillaries may experience nosebleeds. Accurately confirm whether the pressure jumps or not, it is possible only with a tonometer. This device is as necessary as a thermometer, so it should be in every home.
How to understand that the pressure has dropped
Signs of hypotension are difficult to confuse with any other condition. In most cases, low pressure is manifested by a breakdown, weakness, often accompanied by tremor of hands, a feeling of suffocation. Permanent symptoms of hypotension in many people are nape pain, sweating, dizziness, and fainting. In rare cases, nausea appears.
First Aid for Hypertension
What should be done if a sudden surge in pressure occurs? If hypertension is suspected, it is necessary to use a tonometer and record the indications. If the pressure is in excess of 130/90 mH. Art., it is necessary to lie down comfortably or take a reclining position. It is important that the head is raised.
A patient with high blood pressure should be prohibited from worrying about himself. Many doctors advise their patients to apply the method of self-hypnosis, saying to themselves: "I am calm, relaxed, now everything will be fine, etc." To enhance the effect, you can massage the whiskey, without pressing and pressing.
Often, patients, having learned about how much pressure is jumping from them, begin to panic and fear, thereby exacerbating the situation. With a pronounced psychoemotional reaction, the tonometer indicators can continue to rise.
If blood pressure reaches critical limits (exceeds 160 mmHg), it is urgent to take a drug from the antihypertensive group, ventilate the room and leave the patient at rest. Taking medications to lower blood pressure should be agreed with your doctor. The most common drugs for hypertension are “Kapoten”, “Kaptopres”, “Tenorik”, “Klofelin”.
How to raise blood pressure without medication
With hypotension, the patient has a different goal - the pressure needs to be raised. With the onset of symptoms of this condition, it is necessary to observe bed rest or, in the absence of such an opportunity, to avoid physical activity and any sudden movements. If with hypertension the patient's head is raised, then with reduced pressure, you need to do the opposite - a pillow should be placed under your legs.
The easiest way to improve your well-being with hypotension is to drink a cup of moderately strong coffee or tea. People suffering from low blood pressure are advised to keep coniferous extract at home, a few drops of which can be added to a bath with warm water.
Recommendations for hypertensive patients and hypotensive patients
Regardless of the reasons why the pressure jumps, it is important to follow simple rules. Hypertensive patients should not hesitate to take antihypertensive drugs. Hypotensives with an uncomplicated decrease in pressure can cost a cup of coffee, but if the result is long in coming, you can use Zelenin drops or tincture of Eleutherococcus. If this is not at hand, a glass of salted water will help to increase the pressure.
If hypotension is a secondary pathology that has developed amid the progression of life-threatening diseases, the help of doctors and urgent medical intervention are required. Patients with a hypertensive crisis need emergency measures. If the pressure jumps suddenly, for no apparent reason, lower it gradually. In no case is it allowed to lower blood pressure by more than 25% of the initial values within two hours.
When wondering why the pressure jumps (either high or low), it is advisable to first pay attention to your psycho-emotional background. Both hypotensive and hypertensive patients are advised to take sedatives or tranquilizers in stressful situations. Equally beneficial will be tonic tinctures on herbs that have a neurostimulating effect. In addition to tincture of Eleutherococcus, you can use extracts of Rhodiola rosea, Echinacea, Leuzea, Ginseng, Valerian.
For people suffering from changes in blood pressure, a full-fledged healthy 8-hour sleep, an invigorating morning warm-up to improve blood circulation is of particular importance.
Proper nutrition - pressure is normal
To stabilize your blood pressure, you need to exclude certain foods and drinks from your diet. First of all, you need to refuse:
- coffee;
- strong tea;
- fatty and sweet;
- spicy and salty foods (the daily rate of salt is limited to 3 g per day);
- smoked, canned, pickled products;
- spices, spices.
It is especially important to prevent an increase in blood cholesterol. In no case is alcohol allowed. Low-fat dairy products, boiled meat and fish of low-fat varieties, cereals, fresh vegetables and fruits - all this should form the basis of the diet of a person who rides high blood pressure.
What to do if dietary restrictions are not enough? To normalize blood pressure, according to patients with this problem, it is possible with the help of a simple folk remedy, which consists of:
- one glass of honey;
- 2 tbsp. l agave juice
- several crushed cloves of garlic;
- lemon juice of one fruit.
The resulting mass must be poured with two glasses of boiling water and insisted for an hour. The finished product is taken on an empty stomach one teaspoon, it should be stored in the refrigerator.
About the prevention of differences
If the jump in blood pressure is not an isolated case, the patient should consult a doctor and undergo an examination. Systematic malfunctions with blood pressure may indicate the initial stage of arterial hypertension. In order to prevent the development of this disease, it is necessary to lead a healthy lifestyle:
- eat a balanced diet, building a menu in accordance with age and taking into account physical activity;
- to play sports, but not to overload;
- to refuse from bad habits;
- fully relax and get enough sleep;
- educate yourself in stress resistance.
It is literally impossible to prevent pressure surges. However, each patient has every chance to minimize the frequency and severity of their manifestations.