Matcapital is considered a unique measure of support for families. He is appointed after the appearance of the second baby in the family. It is not issued in cash, but with a special certificate. It cannot be cashed, so there is only the opportunity to use it in some limited areas. The most popular is the use of maternity capital to improve housing conditions. You can buy an apartment or a room, erect an object or perform reconstruction of an existing building, which implies an increase in living space.
The main nuances
Matcapital was introduced back in 2007, and the program has already been extended several times, as statistics show that its use does have a positive effect on the birth rate in the country. Many citizens with a properly executed certificate prefer to use maternity capital to improve their living conditions. The features of the application of this benefit include:
- for the purchase of housing or reconstruction of the building is required to obtain permission from the PF;
- it is the PF that provides the funds for the certificate;
- the chosen housing must be safe and of high quality, and it is also required that the necessary communications be brought to it;
- if a citizen does not have his own funds, which is enough for such an acquisition, then it is allowed to contact the bank for a mortgage loan, but it must be targeted;
- funds under the certificate are transferred directly to the bank or seller, so the buyer can not get the money on hand.
A significant condition is that after the acquisition of real estate, parents must ensure that certain shares are allocated for children. It is not too difficult to get maternity capital to improve housing conditions, while 450 thousand rubles are provided. The amount is regularly indexed, so if you do not use the certificate for a while, the amount offered on it will be increased.
Rules for allocating shares to children
The main condition for obtaining capital is that in the purchased or improved living space, shares should be allocated to all children in the family. For this, some features are taken into account:
- if the object was originally purchased when registration was made only for parents, they should draw up a written commitment containing information that after repayment of the loan real estate will be issued to all family members, after which this document is transferred to the Pension Fund;
- if before the fulfillment of the obligation in the family another child appears, then it is necessary to allocate a share for him;
- a special agreement may be used to allocate a share, after which it is registered with the Rosreestr;
- often, parents simply make a donation to the children, on the basis of which some parts of the purchased object are distributed among family members.
The obligation will be fulfilled after the registration of the transfer of shares to children. If maternity capital is used to improve housing conditions, and parents are not fulfilled the obligation to distribute shares, then the PF may decide to force citizens to return funds through a court certificate.
Who can use mothercapital?
Certificates began to be issued in 2007, and according to the latest changes in legislation, the program was extended until 2021. Use funds in the amount of 450 thousand rubles. only for a limited number of purposes. According to statistics, maternal capital is most often used to improve housing conditions. Which apartments, houses or rooms are suitable for these purposes, you can ask the PF employees, since serious and numerous requirements are imposed on real estate.
Different citizens can count on mothercapital:
- mother giving birth to a second baby;
- father, if he is the sole parent or adoptive parent of two or more babies;
- a document is handed to the father if the mother dies or is deprived of the right to babies;
- minors themselves can receive a certificate if their parents lose their rights.
If the parents die or lose their parental rights, the document is passed to the minors themselves, so they will be able to use this amount in the future for their own purposes.
Legislative regulation
The rules for applying this benefit are fully stipulated by law. Maternity capital for the improvement of living conditions can be applied on the basis of some regulatory acts:
- PP No. 862 includes all the rules on the basis of which it is possible to use the capital to improve the conditions in which citizens live;
- Federal Law No. 256, which contains data on what additional ways of supporting families are offered by the state, and mother capital is also included here;
- Federal Law No. 72, on the basis of which regular changes are made to the legislation in relation to the use of such a certificate.
All conditions for the application of such state support are enshrined in different acts.
How can funds be used?
You can use the matkapital for a limited number of purposes. But most often, citizens prefer to use maternity capital to improve housing conditions. You can conclude different types of transactions:
- purchase of housing represented by an apartment, a room or a house, but at the same time the selected object must be of high quality, equipped with the necessary communications, in optimal condition and safe for families with children;
- independent construction of a residential building using the services of a construction company, therefore, funds under the certificate are sent immediately to this organization, which does not allow the family to receive cash in hand;
- construction of the object on its own, but in this case, it is first necessary to erect the object, save payment documents, and then compensate its costs at the expense of the state;
- reconstruction of the existing residential building, which must necessarily imply an increase in the area of the building, since otherwise it is impossible to prove that the living conditions of the children have really been improved;
- use as a down payment when receiving a mortgage loan in a bank intended for the purchase of housing;
- repayment of an existing mortgage loan, and it is also allowed to deposit funds to pay interest, but fines and penalties cannot be eliminated at the expense of state funds;
- the use of money to buy housing in an unfinished house, for which a DDU must be compiled;
- the use of mother capital in the form of an initial investment when joining a housing cooperative, on the basis of which a full-fledged multi-storey building will be built in the future.
Maternity capital for the improvement of living conditions is allowed to be applied only to real estate located on the territory of the Russian Federation.
The use of a certificate for any purpose has its own specific features that holders of this document should understand.
The process of acquiring an apartment
Most often, public funds are used to purchase an apartment. In this case, the conditions are taken into account:
- it must comply with the norms of quadrature;
- you can choose an object in the primary or secondary market;
- only the funds of the capital for such a purchase will not be enough, so you have to invest your money or apply to the bank for a loan;
- the decision to transfer money to the seller of the PF takes within 2 months after the applicant’s appeal, therefore it is important to agree with the owner of the object so that he waits for transfers.
To buy an apartment, maternity capital is often used to improve housing conditions. The rules are established by the PF, so you first need to make sure that the object selected for the acquisition meets numerous conditions.
Mortgage loan
Many people have sufficient funds to repay the mortgage in monthly installments, but do not have a large amount that can be used as an initial investment. Under such conditions, maternal capital for improving housing conditions can be used as a down payment on a mortgage. This takes into account the parameters:
- often, the presence of mother capital is some guarantee for banks, therefore, a positive decision is made quickly;
- not all applicants are issued a mortgage even with a certificate, since it requires a permanent job, good earnings and a positive credit history;
- Before applying for a mortgage, you should seek the consent of the Pension Fund to transfer funds under the certificate for the purchase of a specific property.
When using this method, it is advisable to apply for borrowed funds only to large and trusted banks.
The acquisition of a house or cottage
It is allowed to buy a house or even a summer house due to this benefit. In the latter case, it is required that the building is suitable for permanent residence not only in summer but also in winter, therefore, it must have a high-quality heating system.
If it is planned to direct maternal capital to improve housing conditions in order to purchase a residential building, then the selected structure must meet many requirements. Some banks do not give permission for such a purchase if a house of wood is selected. Various factors are taken into account, which include the availability of utilities, the year of construction of the facility, the development of infrastructure and the estimated cost.
Private house construction
Many people wish to live with their family in a private home. It can be not only purchased, but also independently built. To do this, you can spend maternity capital on improving housing conditions. In this case, the nuances are taken into account:
- family members themselves can engage in construction, as well as the help of professional builders;
- if the process is carried out on its own, then initially only 50% of the procedure is allocated from the capital, and six months later it is necessary to confirm the presence of the construction site;
- the second part of the funds is issued if the foundation is already built, and the walls and roof should also be built;
- first, a specially made construction project will have to be transferred to the Pension Fund, and it must be ordered from specialists, since if there are serious errors in it, a refusal to provide public funds will be received;
- the size of the future structure should be sufficient to comply with the standards for each family member.
Often, the PF refuses to build at the expense of the capital if it is planned that this structure will be located outside a specific city.
Reconstruction of the building
If the family already has a finished residential building, then funds can be allocated for its reconstruction. It is important to know under what conditions for reconstruction maternity capital can be used to improve housing conditions. The rules indicate that the results of the process require that the quadrature of the structure be increased.
The reconstruction is represented by a qualitative improvement in the technical parameters of the structure. According to the results of the process, an increase in the area is made, so an extension or superstructure of the additional floor can be made. This includes even the conversion of the attic into the attic, which becomes a full-fledged living room, so it can be a bedroom, study or even a children's room.
Improvement of housing conditions for maternity capital, which involves the use of reconstruction, is possible upon receipt of funds in advance or after completion of work. In the first case, you will have to formulate the project correctly and draw up a contract with the construction company.
If matcapital will be used in the form of compensation for expenses already incurred, then all payment documents confirming the expenses must be saved.
What is the most optimal way to spend mothercapital?
You can use the money of the state for different purposes. Maternity capital funds for improving housing conditions are used by many citizens, but often they cannot choose which option is considered the most optimal. Therefore, the features of each method are evaluated:
- Apartment purchase. You can select an object in the primary or secondary market, but not all developers and banks work with a certificate.
- Making a mortgage. The process can be performed immediately after the birth of the baby, so you do not need to wait three years to use the funds under the certificate. But not all banks provide the opportunity to use state funds to repay a loan.
- Home acquisition. You can even choose a new unique building with a turnkey finish. Not all sellers are ready to wait 2 months until the PF makes a decision and transfers the funds. The houses are subject to numerous and stringent requirements.
- Home construction. The process can be performed independently or with the help of invited specialists. Not all construction companies are ready to wait for funds to be transferred to them from the PF. Previously, it will be necessary to draw up a project, which entails additional significant costs.
- Reconstruction of housing. The use of maternity capital to improve housing conditions, involving reconstruction, is rarely permitted by the PF, since it is important to prove that real estate will actually be increased by the result of the process. Work must be regulated.
Thus, each method has both some positive and negative parameters. The disposition of maternity capital to improve housing conditions is considered a popular process, but often the choice of a particular method causes certain difficulties for citizens.
What documentation is being prepared?
To receive money under a certificate, it is important to transfer certain documentation to the PF. Documents for improving housing conditions for maternity capital depend on which method is chosen. Therefore, in different cases, different papers are required:
- buying an apartment: an application for the use of funds under a certificate, a passport of the owner of the document, certificate of marriage of parents, seller's documents for real estate, paper from the bank, if a loan is issued;
- house reconstruction: application and passport of the certificate holder, a contract agreement with the company that will be involved in the process, land and house documents confirming the applicant’s ownership, a document with the current account of the contractor, and if the citizens themselves are engaged in work, they must prepare proof of expenses incurred;
- construction of a residential building: certificate, application, documentation for the plot of land where the construction of the house is planned, a permit for the process from the regional administration, a project for the future object, an agreement with a construction company, marriage certificate for parents and their passports, an obligation to register housing for all family members, and it is pre-certified by a notary.
PF employees have the right to require other documentation from applicants, if necessary. Maternal capital is often used to improve housing conditions. What documents are required for this? The amount of documentation depends on how the living conditions of the family improve.
Thus, mothercapital is considered an effective measure to support families. It can be used for various purposes, and most often due to it, housing increases or housing is bought and built. It is important to understand the rules for obtaining funds for any chosen option. It is necessary to correctly prepare the documents and agree with builders and sellers so that they wait 2 months, during which time the funds will be transferred from the PF.
An important condition is the need to register purchased or constructed objects not only for parents, but also for all children.