Any manager should understand what constitutes the internal environment of the organization. Management involves consideration of its five main components: goals, structure, tasks, technology, people.
Organization - a holistic entity that serves as a means to achieve certain goals. Goals - the result that a group of people in the organization is trying to achieve through joint efforts.
Management of the internal environment of the organization involves the management of goals, which are advisable to depict in the form of a tree graph. It has the highest strategic goal, which, for example, must be realized by the enterprise within 5 years, below are those goals, the achievement of which will contribute to the implementation of the main one. The number of levels depends on the level of detail and size of the organization.
Of course, the goals of the units differ from each other, but the main rule of the goal tree is that no subordinate goal can contradict the one that stands above it.
The next element that is included in the management of the internal environment of the organization is structure. It assumes the existence of subordinate management levels that ensure the most effective achievement of the goals.
Obviously, in any medium or large company there is a specialized division of labor, i.e. various specialists are present: in marketing, in finance, in logistics, etc.
Tasks - the next element that reflects the internal environment of the organization. Management traditionally considers tasks in three aspects: those related to people, objects and information.
Technology is also one of the main variables, which is something more than machines and equipment. For example, C. Perrow said that technology is a means by which source resources are transformed into the desired result, which we are trying to achieve by joint efforts.
There are two of the most well-known classifications of technology: according to Woodward and Thompson.
D. Woodward:
- single, small-batch or individual (one product or a small series is produced);
- mass (goods are made in large quantities, they are almost or completely identical to each other);
- continuous (thanks to equipment and machines, goods are produced around the clock).
D. Thompson:
- multi-link technology (to achieve the goal, a series of specific tasks is performed);
- intermediary (people join in a group and become interdependent);
- intensive (to complete the task it is necessary to have special skills), for example, in order to prescribe the correct treatment to the patient in the hospital, it is necessary to have the appropriate education.
Last but not least, the variable that represents the organization’s internal environment is personnel, or people. Each employee in any team manifests itself in different ways, which is determined by a number of factors, for example, the ability to perform certain tasks, needs, life principles and values, and so on.
Of course, the manager should have an idea of what groups have formed in the team, should know the main leaders. A competent manager independently chooses a style of behavior that is suitable for a particular situation and specific people and will lead to the fact that employees will most effectively fulfill the tasks assigned to them.
Thus, the internal environment of the organization consists of five variables that directly affect each other. So, all the tasks flow directly from the goals set at the enterprise, and the staff realizes these tasks through technology.