COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is characterized by partially reversible or irreversible obstruction (obstruction, obstruction) of the bronchial tree. In this case, the lesions concern not only this section of the respiratory system. So, along with violations in the bronchial tree, emphysema (expansion) of the lungs or a combination of these pathologies can be detected. Among the complications of COPD, pulmonary hypertension should be distinguished. This subsequently provokes respiratory failure and signs of a pulmonary heart.
It should be noted that severe asthma, emphysema and other long-term pathologies are the causes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Treatment of pathology is carried out using bronchodilators. Inhaled bronchodilators are used, as a rule, in the form of metered-dose aerosols.
Expectorant and mucolytic agents (Acetylcysteine, Bromhexine, Carbocysteine, and other drugs) are also used in the treatment of COPD .
If bacterial inflammation is detected in the bronchial tree, antibiotics can be prescribed. As a rule, therapy with these drugs is carried out for no more than seven or ten days. The selection of medicines is carried out in accordance with the sensitivity of the pathogen. Mostly prescribed macrolides - "Azithromycin" and others; semisynthetic penicillins (activated) - "Clavulanic acid" and "Amoxicillin" in the complex; pneumotropic fluoroquinolones - "Ciprofloxacin", "Ofloxacin" and others; tetracyclines - "Doxycycline".
There are also surgical methods to eliminate chronic obstructive pulmonary pathology. Moreover, the restriction in their use occurs with severe obstruction, which increases the risk of anesthetic procedures. Despite this, attempts are being made to conduct a bullectomy (reduction in lung volume due to emphysema), and in some cases, lung transplantation.
To prevent the consequences, experts recommend starting treatment of respiratory tract pathologies on time.
A common cause of COPD is obstructive bronchitis. This pathology is provoked by viruses, allergies or bacteria.
If the disease is allergic in nature, then there are no signs of infection. The condition itself is associated with direct contact with the allergen (pathogen). However, as medical practice shows, in almost all cases, obstructive bronchitis is caused precisely by viruses.
Pathology is characterized by accumulations of mucus in the bronchi. Thus, the treatment of obstructive bronchitis in children at home is aimed at liquefying and eliminating it. As a result, the patency of the respiratory system is restored.
To reduce spasms in the bronchi, appropriate medications can be prescribed (for example, "Eufillin"). They should be used carefully due to the presence of a large number of side effects.
Treatment of obstructive bronchitis should be carried out with the patient providing plenty of water. Fruit drinks, warm milk, alkaline mineral waters, rosehip broth will be useful.
A prerequisite is the temperature regime in the room. The room where the patient is located should not be hot. On the contrary, fresh air is needed.
It is advisable to include massage in the treatment of obstructive bronchitis. Of great importance is the diet of the child. The food he eats should be enriched with vitamins.
Treatment of obstructive bronchitis should be carried out in compliance with bed rest.
If the pathology is bacterial in nature, the doctor may prescribe antibiotics, taking into account the sensitivity of the pathogen. Mucolytic agents (diluting sputum) are also required.