Some of the wealth of the earth's bowels, which man uses every day, exist in limited quantities. If the use of alternative substances is not proposed, sooner or later they will end and the production associated with them will be impossible. In order to understand the prospects of industry and the ecology of the planet, it is worth understanding what natural resources are and which of them can be used without restrictions.
Main classification
Natural resources are called natural wealth used by human society for the economy. As a rule, they are classified based on origin. According to this division, soil soils are primarily distinguished. Then it should be called forest and water. No less significant are biological resources. Minerals are minerals. There are also energy and climate. Exhaustible and inexhaustible natural resources are not included in such a classification. Moreover, they are directly related to almost every type.
Exhaustibility classification
So, the main types are studied. It is worthwhile to understand what are the exhaustible and inexhaustible natural resources specifically. To determine each variant of wealth, one or another type must be paid attention to its renewability. This is a complex concept, since many species have limits of exhaustion beyond which it ceases to recover. Nevertheless, the main renewable resources can be called forests, water, soil, as well as wind, currents, sun and climate. It is also worth separating the classification by replaceability. Types of inexhaustible natural resources differ from those that can be replaced, since the meaning of the concept is in the use of a specific substance, and not its alternatives. Replaceable may be fuel, raw materials, some energy options.
The sun
It is worth starting to list natural inexhaustible resources from this particular species. The sun is an incredible accumulation of energy that it radiates daily into space. The amount that reaches the planet’s surface in a day exceeds tens of thousands of times human needs. However, people still use it very little. It should be borne in mind that the sun emits several types of radiation - direct and diffuse. Modern batteries can perceive different options. For example, a thermal solar installation, which can be used to heat water, uses both types of radiation, converting energy even in cloudy weather. A photovoltaic installation creates an electric current. For her, the weather turns out to be more significant - it is necessary to connect the battery, so that on a cloudy day, energy will gradually accumulate too.
Wind
Inexhaustible natural resources include some derivatives of the previous type of energy. Wind arises as a result of uneven heating of the Earth's surface. Solar energy is converted into air movement. People began to use the wind several millennia ago - in navigation. Mills were invented a little later, the blades of which are also driven by air. Kinetic wind energy is available almost all over the planet and is extremely attractive for the environment, since it does not create waste and emissions into the atmosphere. In addition, this source is worthless. It can be used both privately and on an industrial scale. Since the 70s, various experiments have been conducted to create the most efficient wind pumps that would create electricity. At the moment, the number of such devices is quite large in the United States of America and such European countries as Holland, Denmark, Germany.
The tides
Inexhaustible natural resources include the forces of the waves of the seas or oceans. The energy of water has attracted people since the early Middle Ages, when people tried to create dams and learned how to make grain mills located on the banks of the river so that the blades rotate the current. The first such device appeared in the eleventh century. In a similar way, energy was also used at sawmills. With the advent of electricity, the picture has changed. The importance of energy is increasing. So it occurred to a man to use natural inexhaustible resources to create it, and the first tidal power plants appeared. At the mouth of a river that flows into the sea or ocean, a dam is located. It blocks the flow of water, which makes huge turbines rotate. They are connected to a generator that creates electricity. This system only works during high tide or low tide, but it also allows you to get an impressive amount of energy. At the moment, a similar method is most developed in France.
Climate
Inexhaustible natural resources, examples of which were given above, can in some sense be combined with this variety. Climate is a combination of zonal light, thermal energies and radiation that create certain conditions for the life of animals and plants. As natural inexhaustible resources, climatic regions are understood in the sense of a source for recreation and agriculture. The weather directly affects the growing season and determines the number and types of plants, and also allows the use of certain territories for tourism purposes. Climatic conditions cannot be destroyed, but deterioration can occur - for example, living in the area of an atomic explosion becomes impossible.
The soil
Almost all inexhaustible natural resources, examples of which were described earlier, were absolutely unlimited. Infinity of the soil is relative. At the moment, the planet’s security with this resource is high, but environmental degradation can stop the renewability of the land, and the situation will change. As a result of human activity, the soil undergoes qualitative and structural changes, which are often negative. As a result of growing agricultural plants, the earth receives erosion, excess water and salts, increased acidity, and thus goes out of use.
At the moment, inexhaustible renewable natural resources such as soils are divided into zones where they can be found. In the tundra, the earth is characterized by high acidity and a low level of humus. Podzolic soils of the temperate zone are quite saturated with moisture and are characterized by a lumpy structure. In the steppes, chernozems are found, which are the most fertile type, with a maximum humus content and an optimal chemical composition for production. Sierozems occur at the junction with deserts and are poor in nutrients. Red soils are suitable for subtropical crops. Such natural inexhaustible resources need attention and constant monitoring.